{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:46:21Z","timestamp":1790642781747,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":109,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]],"date-time":"2023-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688169600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]],"date-time":"2023-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688169600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]],"date-time":"2023-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688169600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]],"date-time":"2023-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688169600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]],"date-time":"2023-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688169600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]],"date-time":"2023-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688169600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,1]],"date-time":"2023-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688169600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinics in Dermatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,14]],"date-time":"2023-08-14T20:56:50Z","timestamp":1692046610000},"page":"481-490","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Ocular involvement in autoimmune bullous diseases"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Marta","family":"Kurzeja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malgorzata","family":"Olszewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrzej","family":"Grzybowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lidia","family":"Rudnicka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2020.02.013","article-title":"Autoimmune bullous skin diseases, pemphigus and pemphigoid","volume":"145","author":"Egami","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15679","article-title":"Review of autoimmune blistering diseases: the pemphigoid diseases","volume":"33","author":"Daniel","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0003","first-page":"1339","article-title":"Bullous autoimmune dermatoses","volume":"16","author":"Hofmann","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Dtsch Dermatol Ges"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1767","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200565130-00003","article-title":"Autoimmune bullous diseases: ocular manifestations and management","volume":"65","author":"Laforest","year":"2005","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.4103\/jovr.jovr_86_18","article-title":"Ocular manifestations and management of autoimmune bullous diseases","volume":"14","author":"Feizi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Ophthalmic Vis Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8635(18)30323-1","article-title":"Immunobullous diseases with ocular involvement","volume":"10","author":"Camisa","year":"1992","journal-title":"Dermatol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2015.11.006","article-title":"Autoimmune bullous diseases with skin and eye involvement: cicatricial pemphigoid, pemphigus vulgaris, and pemphigus paraneoplastica","volume":"34","author":"Broussard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31778-7","article-title":"Pemphigus","volume":"394","author":"Schmidt","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/s12026-018-8986-7","article-title":"Pemphigus group: overview, epidemiology, mortality, and comorbidities","volume":"66","author":"Kridin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Immunol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0010","first-page":"1077","article-title":"Diagnosis of autoimmune bullous diseases","volume":"16","author":"van Beek","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Dtsch Dermatol Ges"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1979.04010040006002","article-title":"Correlation of antibodies in skin and serum with disease severity in pemphigus","volume":"115","author":"Judd","year":"1979","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1111\/ced.14041","article-title":"Pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus: an overview of the clinical presentation, investigations and management","volume":"44","author":"Melchionda","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1097\/ICL.0000000000000155","article-title":"Pemphigus: an ophthalmological review","volume":"42","author":"Chirinos-Salda\u00f1a","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eye Contact Lens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2019.09.008","article-title":"Ocular surface involvement in pemphigus vulgaris: an interdisciplinary review","volume":"18","author":"Memar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1990.tb01478.x","article-title":"Conjunctival involvement in pemphigus vulgaris: a clinical, histopathological and immunofluorescence study","volume":"123","author":"Hodak","year":"1990","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1023\/B:INTE.0000031736.69290.18","article-title":"Severe conjunctival and eyelid involvement in pemphigus vulgaris","volume":"25","author":"Lifshitz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2005.02.061","article-title":"Ocular pemphigus","volume":"53","author":"Daoud","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.12447","article-title":"Ocular involvement in pemphigus vulgaris","volume":"41","author":"Akhyani","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3315\/jdcr.2008.1006","article-title":"Response of ocular pemphigus vulgaris to therapy: case report and review of literature","volume":"2","author":"Olszewska","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Dermatol Case Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4442","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.16-19582","article-title":"Pemphigus autoantibodies induce blistering in human conjunctiva","volume":"57","author":"Vielmuth","year":"2016","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1097\/00004397-199703720-00006","article-title":"Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid and ocular manifestations of pemphigus vulgaris","volume":"37","author":"Smith","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2007.02.046","article-title":"Ocular involvement in pemphigus","volume":"144","author":"Palleschi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2014.3","article-title":"Cicatricial changes in ocular pemphigus","volume":"28","author":"Chirinos-Saldana","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0024","first-page":"396","article-title":"Ocular involvement in pemphigus vulgaris: a retrospective study of a large Spanish cohort","volume":"15","author":"Espa\u00f1a","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Dtsch Dermatol Ges"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.85.10.1260c","article-title":"Keratolysis in a patient with pemphigus vulgaris","volume":"85","author":"Suami","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-018-0823-5","article-title":"A review of scoring systems for ocular involvement in chronic cutaneous bullous diseases","volume":"13","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Orphanet J Rare Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1159\/000355374","article-title":"Pathological findings of pemphigus vulgaris showing giant cobblestone-like conjunctival papillae","volume":"4","author":"Namba","year":"2013","journal-title":"Case Rep Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfo.2015.06.003","article-title":"Intralesional triamcinolone acetonide for refractory ocular pemphigus vulgaris: a case series","volume":"38","author":"Betul Turkoglu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Fr Ophtalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-016-0235-z","article-title":"Paraneoplastic pemphigus and autoimmune blistering diseases associated with neoplasm: characteristics, diagnosis, associated neoplasms, proposed pathogenesis, treatment","volume":"18","author":"Kartan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ad.2017.04.024","article-title":"Paraneoplastic pemphigus: a life-threatening autoimmune blistering disease","volume":"108","author":"Tirado-S\u00e1nchez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Actas Dermosifiliogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1259","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01259","article-title":"Paraneoplastic pemphigus: paraneoplastic autoimmune disease of the skin and mucosa","volume":"10","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1590\/abd1806-4841.20199165","article-title":"Paraneoplastic pemphigus: a clinical, laboratorial, and therapeutic overview","volume":"94","author":"Maruta","year":"2019","journal-title":"An Bras Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.14162","article-title":"Clinical and immunological findings in 104 cases of paraneoplastic pemphigus","volume":"173","author":"Ohzono","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2532","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18122532","article-title":"Paraneoplastic pemphigus: insight into the autoimmune pathogenesis, clinical features and therapy","volume":"18","author":"Paolino","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)74494-0","article-title":"Conjunctival involvement in paraneoplastic pemphigus","volume":"114","author":"Meyers","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0036","first-page":"193","article-title":"Classification, clinical manifestations, and immunopathological mechanisms of the epithelial variant of paraneoplastic autoimmune multi-organ syndrome: a reappraisal of paraneoplastic pemphigus","volume":"137","author":"Nguyen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr.12.2008.1306","article-title":"Paraneoplastic pemphigus: an uncommon cause of chronic cicatrising conjunctivitis","volume":"2009","author":"Tam","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(92)32030-5","article-title":"Paraneoplastic pemphigus, cicatricial conjunctivitis, and acanthosis nigricans with pachydermatoglyphy in a patient with bronchogenic squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"99","author":"Lam","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1346-8138.2010.01192.x","article-title":"Paraneoplastic pemphigus associated with corneal perforation and cutaneous alternariosis: a case report and review of cases treated with rituximab","volume":"38","author":"Anan","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S1027-8117(10)60001-8","article-title":"Paraneoplastic pemphigus","volume":"28","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dermatologica Sinica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1159\/000051622","article-title":"Bilateral corneal melting in a patient with paraneoplastic pemphigus","volume":"202","author":"Beele","year":"2001","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1097\/01.icu.0000179802.04101.79","article-title":"Mucous membrane pemphigoid: an update","volume":"16","author":"Eschle-Meniconi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Opin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1007\/s00105-017-4089-y","article-title":"Mucous membrane pemphigoid","volume":"69","author":"Holtsche","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hautarzt"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cden.2013.07.003","article-title":"Mucous membrane pemphigoid","volume":"57","author":"Xu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dent Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2003.03.001","article-title":"Mucous membrane pemphigoid and pseudopemphigoid","volume":"111","author":"Thorne","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/S0738-081X(00)00196-6","article-title":"Mucous membrane pemphigoid","volume":"19","author":"Chan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06998.x","article-title":"Bullous pemphigoid antigen II (BP180) and its soluble extracellular domains are major autoantigens in mucous membrane pemphigoid: the pathogenic relevance to HLA class II alleles and disease severity","volume":"154","author":"Oyama","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0048","first-page":"3379","article-title":"Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid (Review)","volume":"20","author":"Branisteanu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1007\/s12026-019-09087-7","article-title":"Ocular mucous membrane pemphigoid: a review","volume":"67","author":"Taurone","year":"2019","journal-title":"Immunol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2012.119","article-title":"Incidence, presenting features, and diagnosis of cicatrising conjunctivitis in the United Kingdom","volume":"26","author":"Radford","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1111\/pde.13971","article-title":"Childhood ocular mucous membrane pemphigoid successfully treated with rituximab","volume":"36","author":"Flores-Climente","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pediatr Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/s40123-019-0164-z","article-title":"Ocular mucous membrane pemphigoid: current state of pathophysiology, diagnostics and treatment","volume":"8","author":"Georgoudis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-0124(12)70281-1","article-title":"Ocular mucous membrane pemphigoid: diagnosis and management strategies","volume":"6","author":"Saw","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2019.02.005","article-title":"Pemphigus and mucous membrane pemphigoid: an update from diagnosis to therapy","volume":"18","author":"Buonavoglia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2014.11.012","article-title":"Characteristics of patients with ocular cicatricial pemphigoid referred to major tertiary hospital","volume":"50","author":"Goldich","year":"2015","journal-title":"Can J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95100","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(81)35069-6","article-title":"Ocular cicatricial pemphigoid","volume":"88","author":"Mondino","year":"1981","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.80.4.292","article-title":"Progression of disease in ocular cicatricial pemphigoid","volume":"80","author":"Elder","year":"1996","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.138.3.370","article-title":"The first international consensus on mucous membrane pemphigoid: definition, diagnostic criteria, pathogenic factors, medical treatment, and prognostic indicators","volume":"138","author":"Chan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2020.01.033","article-title":"Conjunctival biopsy site in mucous membrane pemphigoid","volume":"216","author":"Coco","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2012-302963","article-title":"How to do conjunctival and buccal biopsies to investigate cicatrising conjunctivitis: improving the diagnosis of ocular mucous membrane pemphigoid","volume":"97","author":"Grau","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2015-306807","article-title":"Biopsies of cicatricial conjunctivitis cases reveal highly variable sampling practice among ophthalmologists: time for national and international standardisation","volume":"100","author":"Mudhar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2016.284","article-title":"The 2016 Bowman lecture conjunctival curses: scarring conjunctivitis 30 years on","volume":"31","author":"Dart","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0063","first-page":"1268","article-title":"Dechent. Diagnostic relevance of direct immunofluorescence in ocular mucous membrane pemphigoid","volume":"13","author":"Mehra","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Dtsch Dermatol Ges"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1988.tb01776.x","article-title":"Immunofluorescent studies in ocular cicatricial pemphigoid","volume":"118","author":"Leonard","year":"1988","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2009.0740","article-title":"Immune diagnosis of pure ocular mucous membrane pemphigoid: indirect immunofluorescence versus immunoblot","volume":"19","author":"Jonkman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(82)70014-3","article-title":"Treatment of cicatricial (benign mucous membrane) pemphigoid with dapsone","volume":"6","author":"Rogers","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2013.1434","article-title":"Prevalence and clinical significance of anti-laminin 332 autoantibodies detected by a novel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in mucous membrane pemphigoid","volume":"149","author":"Antonicelli","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2147\/TCRM.S1140","article-title":"Treatment strategies in mucous membrane pemphigoid","volume":"4","author":"Neff","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ther Clin Risk Manag"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2007.04.027","article-title":"Immunosuppressive therapy for ocular mucous membrane pemphigoid strategies and outcomes","volume":"115","author":"Saw","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2013.02.003","article-title":"Current medical treatment of ocular mucous membrane pemphigoid","volume":"11","author":"Sobolewska","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2003.07.010","article-title":"Methotrexate therapy for ocular cicatricial pemphigoid","volume":"111","author":"McCluskey","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.79.3.264","article-title":"Role of cyclophosphamide and high dose steroid in ocular cicatricial pemphigoid","volume":"79","author":"Elder","year":"1995","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-199105000-00001","article-title":"Systemic chemotherapy for ocular cicatricial pemphigoid","volume":"10","author":"Tauber","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.06.060","article-title":"Cyclophosphamide for ocular inflammatory diseases","volume":"117","author":"Pujari","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1007\/s00105-019-4377-9","article-title":"Linear IgA bullous dermatosis","volume":"70","author":"Juratli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hautarzt"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0076","article-title":"Autoantibody profile of a cohort of 54 Italian patients with linear IgA bullous dermatosis: lad-1 denoted as a major auto-antigen of the lamina lucida subtype","volume":"100","author":"Cozzani","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1159\/000246945","article-title":"Molecular overlap of the IgA target antigens in the subepidermal blistering diseases","volume":"189","author":"Collier","year":"1994","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0078","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12345782","article-title":"LAD-1, the linear IgA bullous dermatosis autoantigen, is a novel 120-kDa anchoring filament protein synthesized by epidermal cells","volume":"106","author":"Marinkovich","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64772-4","article-title":"The shed ectodomain of collagen XVII\/BP180 is targeted by autoantibodies in different blistering skin diseases","volume":"156","author":"Schumann","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI114508","article-title":"Identification of the cutaneous basement membrane zone antigen and isolation of antibody in linear immunoglobulin A bullous dermatosis","volume":"85","author":"Zone","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12348993","article-title":"IgA antibodies in chronic bullous disease of childhood react with 97 kDa basement membrane zone protein","volume":"106","author":"Zone","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0082","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2014.381","article-title":"Type VII collagen is the major autoantigen for sublamina densa-type linear IgA bullous dermatosis","volume":"135","author":"Tsuchisaka","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0083","first-page":"23","article-title":"Sublamina densa-type linear IgA bullous dermatosis with IgA autoantibodies specific for type VII collagen: a case report and clinicopathological review of 32 cases","volume":"15","author":"Utsunomiya","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dermatol Online J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1016\/S0738-081X(00)00185-1","article-title":"Linear IgA bullous dermatosis","volume":"19","author":"Guide","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0085","series-title":"Dermatology","first-page":"510","article-title":"Pemphigoid group","author":"Bernard","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1987.tb04134.x","article-title":"Linear IgA bullosus dermatosis of adults and children: an immunoelectron microscopic study","volume":"117","author":"Bhogal","year":"1987","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep13070851","article-title":"Diagnosis of adult linear IgA dermatosis by immunoelectron microscopy in 16 patients with linear IgA deposits","volume":"92","author":"Prost","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/280396","article-title":"Ocular involvement and blindness secondary to linear IgA dermatosis","volume":"2010","author":"Ramos-Castell\u00f3n","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0089","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(00)00245-1","article-title":"Linear IgA bullous disease limited to the eye: a diagnostic dilemma: response to intravenous immunoglobulin therapy","volume":"107","author":"Letko","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(94)70039-7","article-title":"Cicatrizing conjunctivitis as a predominant manifestation of linear IgA bullous dermatosis","volume":"30","author":"Webster","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(88)33188-X","article-title":"Linear IgA disease: the ocular manifestations","volume":"95","author":"Aultbrinker","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iac.2007.12.002","article-title":"Ocular manifestations of blistering diseases","volume":"28","author":"Elchahal","year":"2008","journal-title":"Immunol Allergy Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.142.6.786","article-title":"Ocular linear IgA disease resulting in blindness","volume":"142","author":"Talhari","year":"2006","journal-title":"Archives of Dermatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0094","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1988.tb03197.x","article-title":"A clinicopathological study of mucosal involvement in linear IgA disease","volume":"119","author":"Kelly","year":"1988","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0095","first-page":"467","article-title":"Skin diseases and the dry eye","volume":"104","author":"Leonard","year":"1985","journal-title":"Trans Ophthalmol Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0096","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2019.06.007","article-title":"Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita: a comprehensive review","volume":"18","author":"Kridin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0097","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/812029","article-title":"Clinical presentation, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita","volume":"2013","author":"Ludwig","year":"2013","journal-title":"ISRN Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0098","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13030","DOI":"10.5070\/D32312037672","article-title":"Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita","volume":"23","author":"Cobos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dermatol Online J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0099","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2019-313960","article-title":"Ocular involvement in epidermolysis bullosa acquisita with long-term follow-up","volume":"104","author":"Rousseau","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-200108000-00022","article-title":"Bilateral corneal involvement in epidermolysis bullosa acquisita","volume":"20","author":"Dantas","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1979.04010110031020","article-title":"The spectrum of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita","volume":"115","author":"Richter","year":"1979","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(84)80459-4","article-title":"Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita: a pemphigoid-like disease","volume":"11","author":"Gammon","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1989.01070010408035","article-title":"Ocular involvement in epidermolysis bullosa acquisita","volume":"107","author":"Zierhut","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.1995.153","article-title":"Corneal perforation as a complication of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita","volume":"9","author":"Aclimandos","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0105","first-page":"423","article-title":"Recurrent corneal ulcer in a patient with Crohn's disease associated with epidermolysis bullosa acquisita","volume":"220","author":"Spraul","year":"2003","journal-title":"Klin Monbl Augenheilkd"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(87)70057-7","article-title":"Severe ocular involvement in a patient with epidermolysis bullosa acquisita","volume":"16","author":"Lang","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1999.03163.x","article-title":"Ocular involvement in IgA-epidermolysis bullosa acquisita","volume":"141","author":"Bauer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2011.03.011","article-title":"Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita","volume":"30","author":"Gupta","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007_bib0109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2006.092510","article-title":"Legeais BioKpro III keratoprosthesis implantation: long term results in seven patients","volume":"90","author":"Hollick","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"}],"container-title":["Clinics in Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0738081X2300086X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0738081X2300086X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T18:20:37Z","timestamp":1760034037000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0738081X2300086X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"references-count":109,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0738081X2300086X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0738-081X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0738-081X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Ocular involvement in autoimmune bullous diseases","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinics in Dermatology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2023.08.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}