{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T01:28:49Z","timestamp":1781227729884,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]],"date-time":"2018-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527811200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.com.au","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,22]],"date-time":"2018-04-22T19:45:11Z","timestamp":1524426311000},"page":"166-173","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Nonoperative management of C-2 dens fractures: Single center experience and review of the literature"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"169","author":[{"given":"Oliver","family":"Gembruch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elias","family":"Lemonas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yahya","family":"Ahmadipour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrich","family":"Sure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolai","family":"El Hindy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"11 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S53","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000217941.55817.52","article-title":"The contemporary treatment of odontoid injuries","volume":"31","author":"Maak","year":"2006","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-1383(92)90123-A","article-title":"The epidemiology of fractures and fracture-dislocations of the cervical spine","volume":"23","author":"Ryan","year":"1992","journal-title":"Injury"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1663","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197456080-00017","article-title":"Fractures of the odontoid process of the axis","volume":"56","author":"Anderson","year":"1974","journal-title":"J. Bone Joint Surg. Am."},{"issue":"193","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0020","first-page":"178","article-title":"Odontoid fractures, with special reference to the elderly patient","volume":"193","author":"Pepin","year":"1985","journal-title":"Clin. Orthop. Relat. Res."},{"issue":"5 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1989.71.5.0642","article-title":"Acute axis fractures: a review of 229 cases","volume":"71","author":"Hadley","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198567090-00006","article-title":"Fractures of the dens. A multicenter study","volume":"67","author":"Clark","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Bone Joint Surg. Am."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1097\/00002517-199306050-00005","article-title":"Odontoid fractures in the elderly","volume":"6","author":"Ryan","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Spinal Disord."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1007\/s005860050188","article-title":"Management of odontoid fractures in the elderly","volume":"8","author":"Muller","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur. Spine J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0045","series-title":"Entwicklung der Bev\u00f6lkerung bis 2050. Ergebnisse der 9. koordinierten Bev\u00f6lkerungsvorausberechnung des Bundes und der L\u00e4nder. Statistisches Bundesamt","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e318060d2b9","article-title":"Odontoid fractures in the elderly: dorsal C1\/C2 fusion is superior to halovest immobilization","volume":"63","author":"Frangen","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Trauma"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181e8e77c","article-title":"Type II odontoid fractures of the cervical spine: do treatment type and medical comorbidities affect mortality in elderly patients?","volume":"36","author":"Schoenfeld","year":"2011","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-010-1391-0","article-title":"The long-term functional outcome of type II odontoid fractures managed nonoperatively","volume":"19","author":"Butler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Spine J."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.53B3.392","article-title":"Fractures of the dens (odontoid process). An analysis of thirty-seven cases","volume":"53","author":"Schatzker","year":"1971","journal-title":"Bone Joint Surg. Br."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.64B4.7096414","article-title":"Odontoid fractures. A rational approach to treatment","volume":"64","author":"Ryan","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Bone Joint Surg. Br."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0075","first-page":"964","article-title":"Structure of the axis--key to the etiology of the dens fracture","volume":"65","author":"Amling","year":"1994","journal-title":"Chirurg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.3171\/foc.2000.8.6.2","article-title":"Evidence-based analysis of odontoid fracture management","volume":"8","author":"Julien","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurosurg. Focus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.44B3.655","article-title":"The halo traction apparatus \u2013 a method of external splinting of the cervical spine after injury","volume":"44","author":"Thompson","year":"1962","journal-title":"J. Bone Joint Surg. Br."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1973.03220180017004","article-title":"The injured cervical spine. Immediate and long-term immobilization with the halo","volume":"224","author":"Prolo","year":"1973","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1978.48.1.0085","article-title":"Acute fractures of the odontoid process \u2013 an analysis of 45 cases","volume":"48","author":"Apuzzo","year":"1978","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01809139","article-title":"Non-operative management of acute upper cervical injuries","volume":"41","author":"Seljeskog","year":"1978","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir. (Wien)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1979.50.5.0603","article-title":"Halo immobilization of cervical spine fractures. Indications and results","volume":"50","author":"Cooper","year":"1979","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-197905000-00002","article-title":"Halo-thoracic brace management of odontoid fractures","volume":"4","author":"Schweigel","year":"1979","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0115","first-page":"309","article-title":"Efficacy of rigid fixation of fractures of the odontoid process \u2013 retrospecive analysis of 54 cases","volume":"3","author":"Donovan","year":"1979","journal-title":"Orthop. Trans."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0120","first-page":"197","article-title":"Use of halo vest to immobilize cervical spine","volume":"79","author":"Verduyn","year":"1980","journal-title":"J. Iowa Med. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198112000-00004","article-title":"Odontoid fractures: management with early mobilization using the halo device","volume":"9","author":"Ekong","year":"1981","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"3-4","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01405844","article-title":"Indications for halo immobilization of the cervical spine","volume":"65","author":"Lesoin","year":"1982","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir. (Wien)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1982.57.4.0496","article-title":"Choice of treatment of odontoid fractures","volume":"57","author":"Schiess","year":"1982","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1983.58.4.0508","article-title":"Halo-thoracic brace immobilization in 188 patients with acute cervical spine injuries","volume":"58","author":"Chan","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0145","first-page":"260","article-title":"Halo body device","volume":"22","author":"Hughes","year":"1984","journal-title":"Paraplegia"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198404000-00001","article-title":"The nonsurgical management of odontoid fractures in adults","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"1984","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198508000-00006","article-title":"Axis fractures: a comprehensive review of management and treatment in 107 cases","volume":"17","author":"Hadley","year":"1985","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0160","first-page":"34","article-title":"Miscellaneous fractures of the second cervical vertebra","volume":"1","author":"Hadley","year":"1985","journal-title":"Barrow Neurol. Inst. Q."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198603000-00008","article-title":"Experience in the management of odontoid process injuries: an analysis of 128 cases","volume":"18","author":"Dunn","year":"1986","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1986.65.6.0762","article-title":"Complications associated with the halo-vest. A review of 245 cases","volume":"65","author":"Glaser","year":"1986","journal-title":"JJ. Neurosurg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1227\/00006123-198602000-00006","article-title":"Use of the Philadelphia collar as an alternative to the halo vest in patients with C2, C3 fractures","volume":"18","author":"Grady","year":"1986","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198708000-00013","article-title":"Fractures of the dens in adult patients","volume":"27","author":"Hansen","year":"1987","journal-title":"J. Trauma"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198703000-00014","article-title":"Odontoid fractures treated with halo-vest","volume":"12","author":"Lind","year":"1987","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198711000-00002","article-title":"Management of the fractures odontoid with halo-thoracic bracing","volume":"12","author":"Schweigel","year":"1987","journal-title":"Spine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0195","first-page":"37","article-title":"Odontoid fractures: conservative treatment and halo device in 6 young patients","volume":"49","author":"Cantore","year":"1988","journal-title":"Zentralbl Neurochir."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"884","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1989.70.6.0884","article-title":"Halo vest versus spinal fusion for cervical injury: evidence from an outcome study","volume":"70","author":"Buchholz","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1989.70.1.0045","article-title":"Neurosurgical management of acute atlas-axis combination fractures. A review of 25 cases","volume":"70","author":"Dickman","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0210","first-page":"57","article-title":"Die konservative Frakturbehandlung der Halswirbels\u00e4ule mit dem Halo-Fixateur","volume":"19","author":"Gumppenberg v","year":"1989","journal-title":"Akt Traumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02806680","article-title":"Possibilities and limits of the therapy of cervical spine injuries with the halo","volume":"15","author":"Wolter","year":"1989","journal-title":"Unfallchirurgie"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199007000-00022","article-title":"Halo immobilization and surgical fusion: relative indications and effectiveness in the treatment of 140 cervical spine injuries","volume":"30","author":"Rockswold","year":"1990","journal-title":"J. Trauma"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1993.78.1.0032","article-title":"Odontoid fractures in elderly patients","volume":"78","author":"Hanigan","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0230","first-page":"450","article-title":"Nonoperative management of types II and III odontoid fractures: the Philadelphia collar versus the halo vest","volume":"38","author":"Polin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-199707000-00003","article-title":"Odontoid fractures: evaluation and management","volume":"5","author":"Chutkan","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Orthop. Surg."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-3019(96)00362-X","article-title":"Cervical spine fractures in the elderly","volume":"47","author":"Weller","year":"1997","journal-title":"Surg. Neurol."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1837","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199809010-00006","article-title":"Functional outcome of surgically and conservatively managed dens fractures","volume":"23","author":"Seybold","year":"1998","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.80B3.8371","article-title":"Treatment of type-two odontoid fractures in halothoracic vests","volume":"80","author":"Stoney","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Bone Joint Surg. Br."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1007\/s005860050009","article-title":"Odontoid fractures: high complication rate associated with anterior screw fixation in the elderly","volume":"9","author":"Andersson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur Spine J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e7","DOI":"10.3171\/foc.2000.8.6.8","article-title":"Type II odontoid fractures in the elderly: early failure of nonsurgical treatment","volume":"8","author":"Kuntz","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurosurg. Focus"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100001037","article-title":"A six year review of odontoid fractures: the emerging role of surgical intervention","volume":"27","author":"Ziai","year":"2000","journal-title":"Can. J. Neurol. Sci."},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1007\/s004020000182","article-title":"A review of halo vest treatment of upper cervical spine injuries","volume":"121","author":"Vieweg","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch. Orthop. Trauma. Surg."},{"issue":"2-3","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-003-0473-4","article-title":"Halo jacket in odontoid fractures type II and III","volume":"123","author":"Komadina","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch. Orthop. Trauma Surg."},{"issue":"26","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2881","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31818d5407","article-title":"Nonoperative management of type II odontoid fractures in the elderly","volume":"33","author":"Koech","year":"2008","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.2.SPINE08484","article-title":"Conservative treatment of upper cervical spine injuries with the halo vest: an appropriate option for all patients independent of their age?","volume":"10","author":"Daentzer","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg. Spine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e3181b11d9f","article-title":"Management of type II odontoid fractures in the geriatric population: outcome of treatment in a rigid cervical orthosis","volume":"23","author":"Chaudhary","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Spinal Disord. Technol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-2197.2010.05586.x","article-title":"Risk factors for non-union in the non-operative management of type II dens fractures","volume":"81","author":"Lewis","year":"2011","journal-title":"ANZ J. Surg."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-011-2069-y","article-title":"Rigid cervical collar treatment for geriatric type II odontoid fractures","volume":"21","author":"Molinari","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur Spine J."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31828314ee","article-title":"Predictors of treatment outcomes in geriatric patients with odontoid fractures: AOSpine North America multi-centre prospective GOF study","volume":"38","author":"Fehlings","year":"2013","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2013.02.017","article-title":"Nonoperative management of odontoid fractures: a review of 59 cases","volume":"115","author":"Rizk","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Neurol. Neurosurg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0315","first-page":"2240","article-title":"The effect of type II odontoid fracture nonunion on outcome among elderly patients treated without surgery","volume":"38","author":"Smith","year":"2013","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.3109\/02688697.2014.958055","article-title":"Conservative management of type II and III odontoid fractures in the elderly at a regional spine centre: a prospective and retrospective cohort study","volume":"29","author":"Patel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. J. Neurosurg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0325","first-page":"630","article-title":"Nonoperative management of cervical spine injuries","volume":"34","author":"Sonntag","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clin. Neurosurg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231948","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/231948","article-title":"Systematic review on surgical and nonsurgical treatment of type II odontoid fractures in the elderly","volume":"2014","author":"Robinson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.3171\/2009.7.SPINE0991","article-title":"Operative versus nonoperative management of acute odontoid type II fractures: a meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Nourbakhsh","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurosurg. Spine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ta.0000197426.72261.17","article-title":"Halo-vest immobilization increases early morbidity and mortality in elderly odontoid fractures","volume":"60","author":"Tashjian","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Trauma"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1097\/BSD.0b013e318163570b","article-title":"Early complications of surgical versus conservative treatment of isolated type II odontoid fractures in octogenarians: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"21","author":"Smith","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Spinal Disord. Technol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0b013e3182446742","article-title":"Morbidity and mortality of C2 fractures in the elderly: surgery and conservative treatment","volume":"70","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"}],"container-title":["Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0303846718301616?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0303846718301616?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,20]],"date-time":"2022-08-20T13:20:09Z","timestamp":1661001609000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0303846718301616"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"references-count":70,"alternative-id":["S0303846718301616"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021","relation":{},"ISSN":["0303-8467"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0303-8467","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Nonoperative management of C-2 dens fractures: Single center experience and review of the literature","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clineuro.2018.04.021","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}