{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T03:37:53Z","timestamp":1776137873285,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalimaging.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,28]],"date-time":"2020-07-28T21:17:27Z","timestamp":1595971047000},"page":"158-168","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Central nervous system and spinal cord tuberculosis: Revisiting an important disease"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"69","author":[{"given":"Gabriel L.O.","family":"Salvador","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana C.N.","family":"Basso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Poliana P.","family":"Barbieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cleverson A.","family":"Leitao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bernardo C.A.","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arnolfo C.","family":"Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1212\/CPJ.0000000000000023","article-title":"Tuberculous meningitis: diagnostic and therapeutic challenges","volume":"4","author":"Chin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurol Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1212\/CPJ.0000000000000517","article-title":"Presentation, etiology, and outcome of brain infections in an Indonesian hospital: a cohort study","volume":"8","author":"Imran","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurol Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1212\/CPJ.0000000000000606","article-title":"Tuberculous meningitis: a neglected tropical disease?","volume":"9","author":"Chin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurol Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a112675","article-title":"Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in the United States","volume":"109","author":"Farer","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1595","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-017-2973-0","article-title":"The burden and epidemiology of community-acquired central nervous system infections: a multinational study","volume":"36","author":"Erdem","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.TNMI7-0044-2017","article-title":"Central nervous system tuberculosis","volume":"5","author":"Leonard","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microbiol Spectr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2033","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.287085135","article-title":"From the archives of the AFIP: central nervous system infections associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection: radiologic-pathologic correlation","volume":"28","author":"Smith","year":"2008","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.4103\/jnrp.jnrp_466_16","article-title":"Factors determining the clinical spectrum, course and response to treatment, and complications in seronegative patients with central nervous system tuberculosis","volume":"8","author":"Chandra","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neurosci Rural Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00042-07","article-title":"Central nervous system tuberculosis: pathogenesis and clinical aspects","volume":"21","author":"Rock","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2017.05.011","article-title":"Spectrum of central nervous system tuberculosis: An experience from a large tertiary care institution of India.","volume":"66","author":"Ingole","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Tuberc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268807000258","article-title":"Presentation and outcome of tuberculous meningitis in adults in the province of Castellon, Spain: a retrospective study","volume":"136","author":"Roca","year":"2008","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2018-0524","article-title":"Validation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis real-time polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis using cerebrospinal fluid samples: a pilot study","volume":"57","author":"de Almeida","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Chem Lab Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldv003","article-title":"Tuberculous meningitis: advances in diagnosis and treatment","volume":"113","author":"T\u00f6r\u00f6k","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br Med Bull"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(85)90542-X","article-title":"Mycobacterial meningitis. Retrospective analysis from 1970 to 1983","volume":"79","author":"Klein","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2228","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.45.12.2228","article-title":"Early diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis by polymerase chain reaction","volume":"45","author":"Kox","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2006.07.007","article-title":"Diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis: clinical and laboratory parameters","volume":"11","author":"Bhigjee","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-004-1237-1","article-title":"Definitive neuroradiological diagnostic features of tuberculous meningitis in children","volume":"34","author":"Andronikou","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00588067","article-title":"Central nervous system tuberculosis: MRI","volume":"36","author":"Kioumehr","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1053\/crad.2001.0755","article-title":"Mycobacterial infections: still a millennium bug--the imaging features of mycobacterial infections.","volume":"56","author":"Koh","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e318238fee3","article-title":"Evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid adenosine deaminase activity for the differential diagnosis of tuberculous and nontuberculous meningitis","volume":"344","author":"Sun","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(10)70138-9","article-title":"Tuberculous meningitis: a uniform case definition for use in clinical research","volume":"10","author":"Marais","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2016.09.007","article-title":"Validation of Thwaites Index for diagnosing tuberculous meningitis in a Colombian population","volume":"370","author":"Saavedra","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1700400308","article-title":"Tuberculosis meningitis: problems in pathogenesis and treatment","volume":"40","author":"Blacklock","year":"1935","journal-title":"J Pathol Bacteriol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/S1286-4579(00)01355-1","article-title":"Cellular and molecular mechanisms of internalization of mycobacteria by host cells","volume":"3","author":"Bermudez","year":"2001","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2019.02.001","article-title":"Tuberculosis risk factors and Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission among HIV-infected patients in Vietnam","volume":"115","author":"Mai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Tuberculosis (Edinb)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00588066","article-title":"MR imaging and angiography in tuberculous meningitis","volume":"36","author":"Gupta","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20180342","article-title":"Evaluation of intracranial tuberculomas using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI)","volume":"91","author":"Parry","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(00)00440-8","article-title":"The clinical, radiological and pathological profile of tuberculous meningitis in patients with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection","volume":"181","author":"Katrak","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneumo.2014.04.001","article-title":"Les tuberculoses extrapulmonaires (extrapulmonary tuberculosis)","volume":"71","author":"Ketata","year":"2015","journal-title":"Rev Pneumol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s00062-018-0726-9","article-title":"Central nervous system tuberculosis: etiology, clinical manifestations and neuroradiological features","volume":"29","author":"Schaller","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1422","DOI":"10.1212\/CON.0000000000000648","article-title":"Tuberculosis of the central nervous system","volume":"24","author":"Zunt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Continuum (Minneap Minn)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2005.07.009","article-title":"Tuberculous meningitis in adults: MRI contribution to the diagnosis in 29 patients","volume":"10","author":"Abdelmalek","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2016.11.011","article-title":"Clinical and radiological spectrum of intracranial tuberculosis: a hospital based study in Northeast India","volume":"64","author":"Synmon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Indian J Tuberc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1876","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-002-1608-7","article-title":"Tuberculosis of the central nervous system: overview of neuroradiological findings","volume":"13","author":"Bernaerts","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1177\/0284185116633913","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics and treatment aspects of ventricular tuberculosis in adult patients","volume":"58","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.177608","article-title":"Neuroimaging in tuberculous meningitis","volume":"64","author":"Garg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurol India"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1177\/1971400915592077","article-title":"MR spectroscopy of intracranial tuberculomas: a singlet peak at 3.8\u00a0ppm as potential marker to differentiate them from malignant tumors","volume":"28","author":"Morales","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuroradiol J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurol.2013.12.008","article-title":"Solitary tuberculous brain lesions: 24 new cases and a review of the literature","volume":"170","author":"Psimaras","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev Neurol (Paris)"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-005-1383-7","article-title":"Contrast-enhanced FLAIR in the early diagnosis of infectious meningitis","volume":"47","author":"Splendiani","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.211.1.r99mr25257","article-title":"Brain: gadolinium\u00adenhanced fast fluid\u00adattenuated inversion\u00adrecovery MR imaging","volume":"211","author":"Mathews","year":"1999","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1097\/RMR.0000000000000023","article-title":"Central nervous system tuberculosis","volume":"23","author":"Torres","year":"2014","journal-title":"Top Magn Reson Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rcl.2015.12.013","article-title":"Imaging spectrum of extrathoracic tuberculosis","volume":"54","author":"Raut","year":"2016","journal-title":"Radiol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.20.2.g00mc12449","article-title":"Tuberculosis from head to toe","volume":"20","author":"Harisinghani","year":"2000","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.2217\/iim.11.51","article-title":"Diagnosing infection of the CNS with MRI","volume":"3","author":"Cuvincic","year":"2011","journal-title":"Imaging in Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2014.12.007","article-title":"Imaging in tuberculosis","volume":"32","author":"Skoura","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0230","article-title":"Central Nervous System involvement in tuberculosis: an MRI study considering differences between patients with and without Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 infection","volume":"19","author":"Napoli","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2019.e00599","article-title":"Intracerebral tuberculomas: a rare cause of seizure in an immunocompetent young male","volume":"7","author":"Vu","year":"2019","journal-title":"IDCases"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0303-8467(92)90109-G","article-title":"Unusual presentation of tuberculous meningitis","volume":"94","author":"Daif","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2002","DOI":"10.3889\/oamjms.2019.272","article-title":"Central nervous system tuberculoma complicated with spinal arachnoiditis in immunocompetent patient","volume":"30","author":"Suryapraba","year":"2019","journal-title":"Open Access Maced J Med Sci"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00582","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idcr.2019.e00582","article-title":"Symptomatic central nervous system tuberculoma, a case report in the United States and literature review","volume":"25","author":"Mohammadian","year":"2019","journal-title":"IDCases"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nic.2012.05.006","article-title":"Central nervous system tuberculosis: pathophysiology and imaging findings","volume":"22","author":"Patkar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroimaging Clin N Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1111\/jon.12627","article-title":"Neuroimaging findings in tuberculosis: a single-center experience in 559 cases","volume":"29","author":"Azeemuddin","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neuroimaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0265","first-page":"188","article-title":"Neuroradiological features of the tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome","volume":"14","author":"Marais","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00626095","article-title":"The \u201ctarget sign\u201d: is it a specific sign of CNS tuberculoma?","volume":"38","author":"Bargallo","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/S0248-8663(02)00716-6","article-title":"Neuroradiologic manifestations of central nervous system tuberculosis in 122 adults","volume":"24","author":"Kilani","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rev Med Interne"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2013-307178","article-title":"Cerebral infarction and tuberculoma in central nervous system tuberculosis: frequency and prognostic implications","volume":"85","author":"Wasay","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2288","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.118.021301","article-title":"Frequency and impact of cerebral infarctions in patients with tuberculous meningitis","volume":"49","author":"Wasay","year":"2018","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0290","first-page":"1","article-title":"Various manifestation of central nervous system tuberculosis: a review","volume":"2","author":"Labh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomed Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/S1052-5149(25)00635-5","article-title":"Central nervous system tuberculosis: imaging manifestations","volume":"10","author":"Shah","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuroimaging Clin N Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-199909000-00003","article-title":"Spinal tuberculosis in adults. A study of 103 cases in a developed country, 1980\u20131994","volume":"78","author":"Pertuiset","year":"1999","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0305","first-page":"202806","article-title":"Central nervous system tuberculosis: an imaging-focused review of a reemerging disease","volume":"2015","author":"Sanei Taheri","year":"2015","journal-title":"Radiol Res Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0310","series-title":"Clinical imaging in non-pulmonary tuberculosis","first-page":"5","article-title":"Intracranial tuberculosis","author":"McGuinness","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1259\/0007-1285-64-762-555","article-title":"Demonstration of intramedullary tuberculomas by magnetic resonance imaging: a report of two cases","volume":"64","author":"Jena","year":"1991","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0320","first-page":"106","article-title":"Pott\u2019s spine and paraplegia","volume":"44","author":"Gautam","year":"2005","journal-title":"JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e151","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.K.01464","article-title":"Isolated involvement of the posterior elements in spinal tuberculosis: a review of twenty-four cases","volume":"94","author":"Arora","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198567090-00017","article-title":"Tuberculous spondylitis in adults","volume":"67","author":"Lifeso","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.179.4.1790979","article-title":"Spectrum of MR imaging findings in spinal tuberculosis","volume":"179","author":"Moorthy","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200202010-00015","article-title":"Isolated tuberculosis of posterior elements of spine: magnetic resonance imaging findings in 33 patients","volume":"27","author":"Narlawar","year":"2002","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.95.1.145","article-title":"Pott\u2019s disease. A resurgent challenge to the thoracic surgeon","volume":"95","author":"Omari","year":"1989","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00361084","article-title":"The radiological diagnosis of tuberculosis of the adult spine","volume":"12","author":"Weaver","year":"1984","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.182.6.1821405","article-title":"Discrimination of tuberculous spondylitis from pyogenic spondylitis on MRI","volume":"182","author":"Jung","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(70)90101-4","article-title":"Skeletal tuberculosis. A review with patient presentations and discussion","volume":"48","author":"Davidson","year":"1970","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0365","first-page":"152","article-title":"Short-course chemotherapy in the treatment of Pott\u2019s paraplegia: report on five year follow-up","volume":"1","author":"Rajeswari","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.3166\/bspe-2019-0080","article-title":"Clinical features and prognosis factors of spinal tuberculosis in Northern Tunisia: a case series of 60 patients","volume":"112","author":"Saidane","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bull Soc Pathol Exot"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejro.2019.02.006","article-title":"Tuberculous meningomyelitis in magnetic resonance imaging: a Chinese case report","volume":"6","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2018.05.019","article-title":"Role of percutaneous transpedicular biopsy in diagnosis of spinal tuberculosis and its correlation with the clinico-radiological features","volume":"66","author":"Sahoo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Tuberc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0385","first-page":"e 4922","article-title":"Case of Pott\u2019s disease in a 17-year-old patient in the Dominican Republic","volume":"11","author":"Reinoso","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2019.07.173","article-title":"Extradural dumbbell-shaped tuberculoma masquerading as nerve sheath tumor: case report and review of literature","volume":"131","author":"Echt","year":"2019","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000016280","article-title":"Tuberculous retropharyngeal abscess with Pott disease and tuberculous abscess of the chest wall: a case report","volume":"98","author":"Hsu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s100960050009","article-title":"Limits of detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in spiked cerebrospinal fluid using the polymerase chain reaction in tuberculous meningitis","volume":"19","author":"Baran","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A0548","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of fungal, tubercular, and pyogenic brain abscesses with conventional and diffusion MR imaging and proton MR spectroscopy","volume":"28","author":"Luthra","year":"2007","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"}],"container-title":["Clinical Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0899707120302825?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0899707120302825?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T11:44:08Z","timestamp":1760269448000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0899707120302825"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":81,"alternative-id":["S0899707120302825"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["0899-7071"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0899-7071","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Central nervous system and spinal cord tuberculosis: Revisiting an important disease","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Imaging","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.07.020","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}