{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T04:19:31Z","timestamp":1771474771450,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]],"date-time":"2021-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622505600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalimaging.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Imaging"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,14]],"date-time":"2021-01-14T19:41:19Z","timestamp":1610653279000},"page":"106-122","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Beyond germ cell tumors, unusual testicular and extra-testicular masses and mass-like lesions: MRI and US pictorial review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Maram","family":"AlGhamdi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muath","family":"AlYami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samah","family":"Faqeeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bassam","family":"AlKubeyyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nayef","family":"AlShabyli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdullah","family":"AlAyed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stewart VR, Sidhu PS.The testis: the unusual, the rare and the bizarre. Clin Radiol. 2007 Apr;62(4):289\u2013302. Epub 2007 Jan 29.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2006.10.005"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1673.1994.tb00145.x","article-title":"Extratesticular lesions: a radiological and pathological correlation","volume":"38","author":"Holden","year":"1994","journal-title":"Australas. Radiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-4295(85)90135-9","article-title":"Primary intrascrotal nontesticular schwannoma","volume":"26","author":"Arciola","year":"1985","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Davies SJ, Copping R, Kumar R.Idiopathic scrotal fat necrosis: an unusual cause of scrotal pain. BMJ Case Rep. 2018 Apr 17;2018. pii: bcr-2017-224087.","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2017-224087"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)62236-5","article-title":"Epidermoid cysts of the testis: a clinical and pathologic analysis of 69 cases from the testicular tumor registry","volume":"102","author":"Price","year":"1969","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.2005.24.10.1403","article-title":"Epi- dermoid cyst and teratoma of the testis: sonographic and histologic Sim- ilarities","volume":"24","author":"Maizlin","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Ultrasound Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.178.3.1780743","article-title":"Sonographic and MR imaging findings of testicular epidermoid cysts","volume":"178","author":"Cho","year":"2002","journal-title":"AJR Am. J. Roentgenol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Patel K, Sellars ME, Clarke JL, Sidhu PS. Features of testicular epidermoid cysts on contrast-enhanced sonography and real-time tissue elastography.J Ultrasound Med. 2012 Jan;31(1):115\u201322.","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.2012.31.1.115"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-8389(22)00357-8","article-title":"Adrenal, pancreatic, and scrotal ultrasound in endocrine disease","volume":"31","author":"Gooding","year":"1993","journal-title":"Radiol. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Coakley FV, Hricak H, Presti JC Jr. Imaging and management of atypical testicular masses. Urol Clin North Am. 1998 Aug; 25(3):375\u201388.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0094-0143(05)70028-8"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Armas-Alvarez AL, Salinas-S\u00e1nchez AS, Atienzar-Tobarra M, Virseda-Rodriguez JA.Testicular adrenal rest tumors. Rev Int Androl. 2018 Jul - Sep;16(3):128\u2013130.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.androl.2017.10.001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(86)90308-6","article-title":"Malignant lymphoma of the testis","volume":"81","author":"Doll","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mazzu D, Jeffrey RB Jr, Ralls PW.Lymphoma and leukemia involving the testicles: findings on gray-scale and color Doppler sonography. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1995 Mar;164(3):645\u20137.","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.164.3.7863887"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.303095049","article-title":"MR imaging of scrotal tumors and pseudotumors","volume":"30","author":"Cassidy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Radiographics."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-4295(83)90194-2","article-title":"Acute leu- kemia: diagnosis and management of testicular involvement","volume":"21","author":"Heaney","year":"1983","journal-title":"Urology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.7863\/jum.2003.22.3.295","article-title":"Intratesticular arteriovenous malformation. Color doppler sonographic findings","volume":"22","author":"Kutlu","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Ultrasound Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gulsen F, Mihmanli I, Kantarci F, Eren A, Ataus SO.Testicular arteriovenous malformation: gray-scale and color Doppler ultrasonography features.Case Rep Med. 2011;2011:876206.","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/876206"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.275065172","article-title":"US MR imaging correlation in pathologic conditions of the scrotum","volume":"27","author":"Kim","year":"2007","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1080\/01485010290031565","article-title":"Intrascrotal hemangioma","volume":"48","author":"Lin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch. Androl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.231025133","article-title":"From the archives of the AFIP: extratesticular scrotal masses: radiologic- pathologic correlation","volume":"23","author":"Woodward","year":"2003","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.174.6.1741581","article-title":"Sonography of an arteriovenous-type hemangioma of the testis","volume":"174","author":"Ricci","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Roentgenol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0110","unstructured":"Muttarak M, ChiangMai WN, Lojanapiwat B. Tuberculosis of the genitourinary tract: imaging features with pathological correlation.Singapore Med J. 2005 Oct;46(10):568\u201374; quiz 575."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nepal P, Ojili V, Songmen S, Kaur N, Olsavsky T, Nagar A. \u201cThe Great Masquerader\u201d: Sonographic Pictorial Review of Testicular Tuberculosis and its Mimics. J Clin Imaging Sci. 2019 Jun 14;9:27. doi: 10.25259\/JCIS-14-2019.","DOI":"10.25259\/JCIS-14-2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.20330","article-title":"Gonadal brucellar abscess: imaging and clinical findings in 3 cases and review of the literature","volume":"35","author":"Koc","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Clin. Ultrasound"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.236025174","article-title":"Multimodality imaging of paratesticular neoplasms and their rare mimics","volume":"23","author":"Akbar","year":"2003","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0130","volume":"134","author":"Karen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Papillary Cystadenoma of the Epididymis Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rebecca S. Leung, Sona V. Biswas, Mark Duncan, and Sheila Rankin. Imaging features of von Hippel\u2013 Lindau Disease. RadioGraphics 2008 28:1, 65\u201379.","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.281075052"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000155160.36154.mL","article-title":"Clear cell papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis and mesosalpinx: immunohistochemical differentiation from metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma","volume":"29","author":"Aydin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lewis JI, Thiel DD, Broderick GA, Bolan CW. Cystadenoma of the rete testis in a patient with von Hippel-Lindau disease. Urology. 2017 Aug;106:e5-e6.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2017.05.003"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.283075110","article-title":"The inguinal canal: anatomy and imaging features of common and uncommon masses","volume":"28","author":"Bhosale","year":"2008","journal-title":"Radiographics."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2016.09.005","article-title":"Paratesticular sarcoma: typical presentation, imaging features, and clinical challenges","volume":"100","author":"Ap Dafydd","year":"2017","journal-title":"Urology."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0165","first-page":"274","article-title":"Testicular synovial sarcoma: a case report","volume":"9","author":"Nesrine","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Biol Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1696","DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.IJO_2256_19","article-title":"Atypical optic neuritis as the presenting feature of testicular malignancy: rare case report with review of literature","volume":"68","author":"Meena","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2019.07.009","article-title":"Mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis testis","volume":"92","author":"Butnor","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum. Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mezei G, Chang ET, Mowat FS, Moolgavkar SH. Epidemiology of mesothelioma of the pericardium and tunica vaginalis testis. Ann Epidemiol. 2017 May;27(5):348\u2013359.e11. doi: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.04.001. Epub 2017 Apr 14. Erratum in: Ann Epidemiol. 2018 Jan;28(1):63.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2017.04.001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2019.01.009","article-title":"Testicular mesothelioma: an analysis of epidemiology, patient outcomes, and prognostic factors","volume":"126","author":"Nazemi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Urology."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radcr.2020.04.004","article-title":"Imaging appearance of cystic and solid mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis","volume":"15","author":"Hannappel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiol Case Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-015-3887-9","article-title":"Imaging of mesothelioma of tunica vaginalis testis","volume":"26","author":"Bertolotto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. Radiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1636","DOI":"10.1007\/s003300000368","article-title":"Fibrous pseudotumor of the epididymis: imaging and pathologic correlation","volume":"10","author":"Krainik","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur. Radiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tsung-Hsin Chang, Marcelo Chen, Chih-Chiao. Solitary fibrous tumor of the scrotum: a case report and review of the literature. BMC Urol. 2019; 19: 138.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12894-019-0573-2"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fouzia Siraj, Shruti Sharma,Chandra Bhushan Rai, Pawan Vasudeva. Primary high grade testicular leiomyosarcoma: A rare malignancy in a young male.Turk J Urol. 2018 Mar; 44(2): 178\u2013181.","DOI":"10.5152\/tud.2017.15821"}],"container-title":["Clinical Imaging"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0899707120305490?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0899707120305490?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T11:44:35Z","timestamp":1760269475000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0899707120305490"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"references-count":41,"alternative-id":["S0899707120305490"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033","relation":{},"ISSN":["0899-7071"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0899-7071","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Beyond germ cell tumors, unusual testicular and extra-testicular masses and mass-like lesions: MRI and US pictorial review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Imaging","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.12.033","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}