{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T18:21:06Z","timestamp":1792174866787,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,1]],"date-time":"2016-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1454284800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,1]],"date-time":"2016-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1454284800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Neurophysiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,8]],"date-time":"2015-09-08T16:45:58Z","timestamp":1441730758000},"page":"1022-1030","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Tilt table testing in neurology and clinical neurophysiology"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"127","author":[{"given":"D.P.","family":"Saal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.D.","family":"Thijs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.G.","family":"van Dijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1528","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9592.2003.t01-1-00222.x","article-title":"Nitrate stimulated tilt table testing: a review of the literature","volume":"26","author":"Aerts","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1053\/euhj.2001.2900","article-title":"Long-term outcome of patients with asystole induced by head-up tilt test","volume":"23","author":"Baron-Esquivias","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1997.tb06211.x","article-title":"Neurally mediated syncopal syndromes: pathophysiological concepts and clinical evaluation","volume":"20","author":"Benditt","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2012.11.002","article-title":"Clinical laboratory testing: what is the role of tilt-table testing, active standing test, carotid massage, electrophysiological testing and ATP test in the syncope evaluation?","volume":"55","author":"Blanc","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0025","first-page":"H676","article-title":"Mechanisms of initial heart rate response to postural change","volume":"243","author":"Borst","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1053\/euhj.2001.2739","article-title":"Guidelines on management (diagnosis and treatment) of syncope","volume":"22","author":"Brignole","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eupc.2004.08.008","article-title":"Guidelines on management (diagnosis and treatment) of syncope \u2013 update 2004","volume":"6","author":"Brignole","year":"2004","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1053\/eupc.1999.0064","article-title":"New classification of haemodynamics of vasovagal syncope: beyond the VASIS classification. Analysis of the pre-syncopal phase of the tilt test without and with nitroglycerin challenge. Vasovagal Syncope International Study","volume":"2","author":"Brignole","year":"2000","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eul071","article-title":"Standardized-care pathway vs. usual management of syncope patients presenting as emergencies at general hospitals","volume":"8","author":"Brignole","year":"2006","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8703(97)70231-X","article-title":"Prospective evaluation of high-dose or low-dose isoproterenol upright tilt protocol for unexplained syncope in young adults","volume":"133","author":"Carlioz","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12021","article-title":"Syndromes of orthostatic intolerance: a hidden danger","volume":"273","author":"Fedorowski","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)92155-7","article-title":"Tilting towards a diagnosis in recurrent unexplained syncope","volume":"1","author":"Fitzpatrick","year":"1989","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(91)90714-K","article-title":"Methodology of head-up tilt testing in patients with unexplained syncope","volume":"17","author":"Fitzpatrick","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2005.09.027","article-title":"Assessment of cardiovascular autonomic function","volume":"117","author":"Freeman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b9000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/s10286-011-0119-5","article-title":"Consensus statement on the definition of orthostatic hypotension, neurally mediated syncope and the postural tachycardia syndrome","volume":"21","author":"Freeman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Auton Res: Off J Clin Auton Res Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eul095","article-title":"The venous system is the main determinant of hypotension in patients with vasovagal syncope","volume":"8","author":"Fuca","year":"2006","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2011.01.057","article-title":"Effect of clinical triggers on positive responses to tilt-table testing potentiated with nitroglycerin or clomipramine","volume":"107","author":"Furukawa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2006.00595.x","article-title":"Lifetime cumulative incidence of syncope in the general population: a study of 549 Dutch subjects aged 35\u201360 years","volume":"17","author":"Ganzeboom","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000223828.28215.0b","article-title":"Delayed orthostatic hypotension: a frequent cause of orthostatic intolerance","volume":"67","author":"Gibbons","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1913","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2004.52518.x","article-title":"Unprovoked and glyceryl trinitrate-provoked head-up tilt table test is safe in older people: a review of 10 years\u2019 experience","volume":"52","author":"Gieroba","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1681.1997.tb01791.x","article-title":"Interactions between vasopressin and baroreflex control of the sympathetic nervous system","volume":"24","author":"Hasser","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/31.3.181","article-title":"Blood pressure changes on upright tilting predict falls in older people","volume":"31","author":"Heitterachi","year":"2002","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(98)00067-4","article-title":"Fifteen years experience with finger arterial pressure monitoring: assessment of the technology","volume":"38","author":"Imholz","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)91665-X","article-title":"Head-up tilt: a useful test for investigating unexplained syncope","volume":"1","author":"Kenny","year":"1986","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/31.4.272","article-title":"Impact of a dedicated syncope and falls facility for older adults on emergency beds","volume":"31","author":"Kenny","year":"2002","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/20.6.449","article-title":"Carotid sinus syndrome\u2013clinical characteristics in elderly patients","volume":"20","author":"Kenny","year":"1991","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euq409","article-title":"The history of diagnosing carotid sinus hypersensitivity: why are the current criteria too sensitive?","volume":"13","author":"Krediet","year":"2011","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1958","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318293e1c7","article-title":"Syncope and orthostatic intolerance increase risk of brain lesions in migraineurs and controls","volume":"80","author":"Kruit","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1177\/155005941104200311","article-title":"Tilt table testing with video EEG monitoring in the evaluation of patients with unexplained loss of consciousness","volume":"42","author":"LaRoche","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin EEG Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1540-8167.2003.03065.x","article-title":"Combined head-up tilt and lower body negative pressure as an experimental model of orthostatic syncope","volume":"14","author":"Lelorier","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1999.tb00513.x","article-title":"Significant complications can occur with ischemic heart disease and tilt table testing","volume":"22","author":"Leman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.2004.00559.x","article-title":"Situational syncope: response to head-up tilt testing and follow-up: comparison with vasovagal syncope","volume":"27","author":"Livanis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(66)90313-9","article-title":"The musculovenous pumps of the human lower limb","volume":"71","author":"Ludbrook","year":"1966","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-010-0497-z","article-title":"Resource utilisation for syncope presenting to an acute hospital Emergency Department","volume":"179","author":"McCarthy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ir. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2212","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-012-6736-7","article-title":"Neurogenic orthostatic hypotension: pathophysiology, evaluation, and management","volume":"260","author":"Metzler","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2631","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehp298","article-title":"Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of syncope (version 2009)","volume":"30","author":"Moya","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1994.tb06505.x","article-title":"Incidence of complications after carotid sinus massage in older patients with syncope","volume":"42","author":"Munro","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/92.11.623","article-title":"Tilt table testing in the diagnosis of unexplained syncope","volume":"92","author":"Parry","year":"1999","journal-title":"QJM"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0195","first-page":"209","article-title":"Psychogenic syncope diagnosed by prolonged head-up tilt testing","volume":"88","author":"Petersen","year":"1995","journal-title":"QJM"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eun100","article-title":"Tilt-table testing: transient loss of consciousness discriminator or epiphenomenon?","volume":"10","author":"Petkar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Europace"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2013.03.019","article-title":"Syncope: classification and risk stratification","volume":"63","author":"Puppala","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1702","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2008.09.022","article-title":"Is cardiac output the key to vasovagal syncope? A reevaluation of putative pathophysiology","volume":"5","author":"Raj","year":"2008","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b9005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2336","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.144501","article-title":"Postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS)","volume":"127","author":"Raj","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2014.02.004","article-title":"The usefulness of the head-up tilt test in patients with suspected epilepsy","volume":"23","author":"Rangel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(90)91321-V","article-title":"Usefulness of head-up tilt test in evaluating patients with syncope of unknown origin and negative electrophysiologic study","volume":"65","author":"Raviele","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(99)80079-4","article-title":"Value of head-up tilt testing potentiated with sublingual nitroglycerin to assess the origin of unexplained syncope","volume":"76","author":"Raviele","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autneu.2014.05.007","article-title":"Classifying syncope","volume":"184","author":"Saal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Auton Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.5603\/CJ.2014.0096","article-title":"Clinical improvement of vasovagal syncope in the absence of specific therapies: the Seinfeld effect","volume":"21","author":"Sahota","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cardiol J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmedicine.13-3-227","article-title":"Tilt-table test: its role in modern practice","volume":"13","author":"Sandhu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehl147","article-title":"Vasovagal syncope in medical students and their first-degree relatives","volume":"27","author":"Serletis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0250","first-page":"38","article-title":"Tilt testing for syncope: a reappraisal","volume":"20","author":"Sheldon","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Opin Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2012.10.009","article-title":"Tilt table testing and implantable loop recorders for syncope","volume":"31","author":"Sheldon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cardiol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.93.5.973","article-title":"Risk factors for syncope recurrence after a positive tilt-table test in patients with syncope","volume":"93","author":"Sheldon","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(97)00425-6","article-title":"Comparison of patients with syncope of unknown cause having negative or positive tilt-table tests","volume":"80","author":"Sheldon","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0270","series-title":"The evaluation and treatment of syncope. A handbook for clinical practice","article-title":"Initial evaluation of the syncope patient. Part 2: role of defined questionnaire for diagnosis of syncope and other forms of transient loss of consciousness","author":"Sheldon","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(98)00658-5","article-title":"Utility of a single-stage isoproterenol tilt table test in adults: a randomized comparison with passive head-up tilt","volume":"33","author":"Shen","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1999.0001o.x","article-title":"Pathophysiological basis of orthostatic hypotension in autonomic failure","volume":"519","author":"Smit","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(94)90723-4","article-title":"Circulatory and catecholamine changes during head-up tilt testing in neurocardiogenic (vasovagal) syncope","volume":"73","author":"Sra","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2575","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000145543.88293.21","article-title":"Relation of postural vasovagal syncope to splanchnic hypervolemia in adolescents","volume":"110","author":"Stewart","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b9010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2004.11.013","article-title":"Direct medical costs of syncope-related hospitalizations in the United States","volume":"95","author":"Sun","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0295","first-page":"180","article-title":"Proposed classification for tilt induced vasovagal syncope","volume":"2","author":"Sutton","year":"1992","journal-title":"Eur J Card Pacing Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2211","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu255","article-title":"Twenty-eight years of research permit reinterpretation of tilt-testing: hypotensive susceptibility rather than diagnosis","volume":"35","author":"Sutton","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.3.294","article-title":"Dual-chamber pacing in the treatment of neurally mediated tilt-positive cardioinhibitory syncope: pacemaker versus no therapy: a multicenter randomized study. The Vasovagal Syncope International Study (VASIS) Investigators","volume":"102","author":"Sutton","year":"2000","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182a1aa88","article-title":"The semiology of tilt-induced psychogenic pseudosyncope","volume":"81","author":"Tannemaat","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2724","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.98.24.2724","article-title":"Central serotonergic responsiveness in neurocardiogenic syncope: a clomipramine test challenge","volume":"98","author":"Theodorakis","year":"1998","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1825","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2013-304399","article-title":"Diagnosis of neurally mediated syncope at initial evaluation and with tilt table testing compared with that revealed by prolonged ECG monitoring. An analysis from the Third International Study on Syncope of Uncertain Etiology (ISSUE-3)","volume":"99","author":"Ungar","year":"2013","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2009.99","article-title":"A guide to disorders causing transient loss of consciousness: focus on syncope","volume":"5","author":"van Dijk","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awt332","article-title":"The semiology of tilt-induced reflex syncope in relation to electroencephalographic changes","volume":"137","author":"van Dijk","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain: J Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2012.10.016","article-title":"Pathophysiological basis of syncope and neurological conditions that mimic syncope","volume":"55","author":"van Dijk","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1997.tb03901.x","article-title":"Neural circulatory control in vasovagal syncope","volume":"20","author":"van Lieshout","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2008.09.003","article-title":"Steep fall in cardiac output is main determinant of hypotension during drug-free and nitroglycerine-induced orthostatic vasovagal syncope","volume":"5","author":"Verheyden","year":"2008","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2003.022996","article-title":"Reflex syncope in children and adolescents","volume":"90","author":"Wieling","year":"2004","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20060091","article-title":"Initial orthostatic hypotension: review of a forgotten condition","volume":"112","author":"Wieling","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037_b0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2630","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awp179","article-title":"Symptoms and signs of syncope: a review of the link between physiology and clinical clues","volume":"132","author":"Wieling","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain"}],"container-title":["Clinical Neurophysiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1388245715007932?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1388245715007932?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T11:33:10Z","timestamp":1761391990000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1388245715007932"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S1388245715007932"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037","relation":{},"ISSN":["1388-2457"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1388-2457","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Tilt table testing in neurology and clinical neurophysiology","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Neurophysiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinph.2015.07.037","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}