{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T04:13:40Z","timestamp":1792642420889,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,1]],"date-time":"2022-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651363200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,19]],"date-time":"2023-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679184000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":322,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["855109"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["855109"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ERC-SyG 2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERC-SyG 2019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Neurophysiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,11]],"date-time":"2022-03-11T11:47:10Z","timestamp":1646999230000},"page":"142-151","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Stereo-EEG based personalized multichannel transcranial direct current stimulation in drug-resistant epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"137","author":[{"given":"Ma\u00ebva","family":"Daoud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Salvador","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nada","family":"El Youssef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexane","family":"Fierain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elodie","family":"Garnier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Chiara","family":"Biagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Medina Villalon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrice","family":"Wendling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Benar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulio","family":"Ruffini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrice","family":"Bartolomei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1774","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2017.06.001","article-title":"Low intensity transcranial electric stimulation : Safety, ethical, legal regulatory and application guidelines","volume":"128","author":"Antal","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2013.01.009","article-title":"Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Treatment of Refractory Childhood Focal Epilepsy","volume":"6","author":"Auvichayapat","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2003.12.015","article-title":"Optimization of an independent component analysis approach for artifact identification and removal in magnetoencephalographic signals","volume":"115","author":"Barbati","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1818","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awn111","article-title":"Epileptogenicity of brain structures in human temporal lobe epilepsy : A quantified study from intracerebral EEG","volume":"131","author":"Bartolomei","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13791","article-title":"Defining epileptogenic networks : Contribution of SEEG and signal analysis","volume":"58","author":"Bartolomei","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0030","article-title":"Fitting Linear Mixed-Effects Models Using lme4","volume":"67","author":"Bates","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Stat"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e96","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000005776","article-title":"European trends in epilepsy surgery","volume":"91","author":"Baud","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2008.04.020","article-title":"Enhanced EEG functional connectivity in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy","volume":"81","author":"Bettus","year":"2008","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2016.06.004","article-title":"Safety of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation: Evidence Based Update 2016","volume":"9","author":"Bikson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2015.03.018","article-title":"Responders to vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) in refractory epilepsy have reduced interictal cortical synchronicity on scalp EEG","volume":"113","author":"Bodin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2011.07.001","article-title":"A Pilot Study of the Tolerability and Effects of High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (HD-tDCS) on Pain Perception","volume":"13","author":"Borckardt","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"issue":"8 Suppl 5","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0060","first-page":"S2","article-title":"Staged approach to epilepsy management","volume":"58","author":"Brodie","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2016.11.009","article-title":"Neurobiological after-effects of non-invasive brain stimulation","volume":"10","author":"Cirillo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2015.01.017","article-title":"AnyWave : A cross-platform and modular software for visualizing and processing electrophysiological signals","volume":"242","author":"Colombet","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.04.252","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation in patients with skull defects and skull plates: High-resolution computational FEM study of factors altering cortical current flow","volume":"52","author":"Datta","year":"2010","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2021.01.021","article-title":"Ictal connectivity changes induced by pulvinar stimulation correlate with improvement of awareness","volume":"14","author":"Deutschov\u00e1","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18024","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2018.24","article-title":"Epilepsy","volume":"4","author":"Devinsky","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106528","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106528","article-title":"Is beta band desynchronization related to skin conductance biofeedback effectiveness in drug resistant focal epilepsy?","volume":"169","author":"Ferri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.05.060","article-title":"Multifocal tDCS targeting the resting state motor network increases cortical excitability beyond traditional tDCS targeting unilateral motor cortex","volume":"157","author":"Fischer","year":"2017","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2006.00426.x","article-title":"A Controlled Clinical Trial of Cathodal DC Polarization in Patients with Refractory Epilepsy","volume":"47","author":"Fregni","year":"2006","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.irn.2020.03.033","article-title":"Placebo in epilepsy","volume":"153","author":"Goldenholz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int Rev Neurobiol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1580","DOI":"10.1016\/S1388-2457(03)00093-2","article-title":"EMG contamination of EEG : Spectral and topographical characteristics","volume":"114","author":"Goncharova","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2021.637071","article-title":"Functional Network Alterations as Markers for Predicting the Treatment Outcome of Cathodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Focal Epilepsy","volume":"15","author":"Hao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1526","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13116","article-title":"The evolution of epilepsy surgery between 1991 and 2011 in nine major epilepsy centers across the United States, Germany, and Australia","volume":"56","author":"Jehi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0125","article-title":"Personalized, Multisession, Multichannel Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Medication-Refractory Focal Epilepsy: An Open-Label Study","author":"Kaye","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2015.05.002","article-title":"Inter-subject Variability in Electric Fields of Motor Cortical tDCS","volume":"8","author":"Laakso","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2966","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awy214","article-title":"Interictal stereotactic-EEG functional connectivity in refractory focal epilepsies","volume":"141","author":"Lagarde","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucli.2019.07.013","article-title":"Mechanisms of action of tDCS : A brief and practical overview","volume":"49","author":"Lefaucheur","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurophysiol Clin"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2002.033209","article-title":"Local Suppression of Epileptiform Activity by Electrical Stimulation in Rat Hippocampus In Vitro","volume":"547","author":"Lian","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2018.04.017","article-title":"Cumulative effect of transcranial direct current stimulation in patients with partial refractory epilepsy and its association with phase lag index-A preliminary study","volume":"84","author":"Lin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2021.10.304","article-title":"Modeling transcranial electrical current stimulation-induced electric fields in patients with skull plates","volume":"14","author":"Mercadal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain stimul"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0160","article-title":"Modeling implanted metals in electrical stimulation applications","author":"Mercadal","year":"2021","journal-title":"BioRxiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.12.034","article-title":"The electric field in the cortex during transcranial current stimulation","volume":"70","author":"Miranda","year":"2013","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00924.2009","article-title":"Shaping the Optimal Repetition Interval for Cathodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS)","volume":"103","author":"Monte-Silva","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2003.049916","article-title":"Pharmacological Modulation of Cortical Excitability Shifts Induced by Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Humans","volume":"553","author":"Nitsche","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2000.t01-1-00633.x","article-title":"Excitability changes induced in the human motor cortex by weak transcranial direct current stimulation","volume":"527","author":"Nitsche","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0185","series-title":"Basic Mechanisms of the EEG","first-page":"41","article-title":"Propagation of Electrical Activity: Nonlinear Associations and Time Delays between EEG Signals","author":"Pijn","year":"1993"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2595","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2016.2556425","article-title":"Time-Frequency Strategies for Increasing High-Frequency Oscillation Detectability in Intracerebral EEG","volume":"63","author":"Roehri","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.12.002","article-title":"Optimization of multifocal transcranial current stimulation for weighted cortical pattern targeting from realistic modeling of electric fields","volume":"89","author":"Ruffini","year":"2014","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2012.00090","article-title":"Target Optimization in Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation","volume":"3","author":"Sadleir","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1089\/brain.2020.0798","article-title":"The Effectiveness of Vagus Nerve Stimulation in Drug-Resistant Epilepsy Correlates with Vagus Nerve Stimulation-Induced Electroencephalography Desynchronization","volume":"10","author":"Sangare","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Connect"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2015.01.001","article-title":"Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Epilepsy","volume":"8","author":"San-Juan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2016.08.013","article-title":"Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy and Hippocampal Sclerosis","volume":"10","author":"San-Juan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00065","article-title":"Successful Treatment of a Drug-Resistant Epilepsy by Long-term Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation : A Case Report","volume":"9","author":"San-Juan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.11.009","article-title":"Cortical abnormalities in epilepsy revealed by local EEG synchrony","volume":"35","author":"Schevon","year":"2007","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1097\/YCT.0000000000000510","article-title":"Physiology of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation","volume":"34","author":"Stagg","year":"2018","journal-title":"J ECT"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.3389\/fncir.2018.00044","article-title":"Brain Functional Connectivity Changes After Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Epileptic Patients","volume":"12","author":"Tecchio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Neural Circuits"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1684\/epd.2016.0796","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation improves seizure control in patients with Rasmussen encephalitis","volume":"18","author":"Tekturk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epileptic Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2020.11.020","article-title":"Improvement of brain function after surgery in infants with posterior quadrant cortical dysplasia","volume":"132","author":"Ueda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0250","first-page":"50309","article-title":"Technique and Considerations in the Use of 4x1 Ring High-definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (HD-tDCS)","volume":"77","author":"Villamar","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Vis Exp"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2019.09.006","article-title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation reduces seizure frequency in patients with refractory focal epilepsy : A randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled, and three-arm parallel multicenter study","volume":"13","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Stimul"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.5535\/arm.2011.35.4.579","article-title":"Suppression of Seizure by Cathodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in an Epileptic Patient\u2014A Case Report -","volume":"35","author":"Yook","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Rehabil Med"}],"container-title":["Clinical Neurophysiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1388245722001961?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1388245722001961?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T12:09:43Z","timestamp":1761394183000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1388245722001961"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"references-count":52,"alternative-id":["S1388245722001961"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023","relation":{},"ISSN":["1388-2457"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1388-2457","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Stereo-EEG based personalized multichannel transcranial direct current stimulation in drug-resistant epilepsy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Neurophysiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinph.2022.02.023","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}