{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T03:51:39Z","timestamp":1776138699085,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Neurophysiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2026.2111726","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T07:51:06Z","timestamp":1772610666000},"page":"2111726","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Characteristics and effects of depth of anaesthesia on late motor responses"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"186","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4134-3929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.C.","family":"Gadella","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Sahinovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.H.M.","family":"Scholtens-Henzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Dunker-Talen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4840-8799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"F.","family":"Lange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Faber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.H.","family":"Wapstra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9391-4597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"K.","family":"Tamasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.J.M.","family":"Groen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7563-9157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.R.","family":"Absalom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3546-4548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G.","family":"Drost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2026.2111726_b0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2006.00923.x","article-title":"Suppression of the human spinal H-reflex by propofol: a quantitative analysis","volume":"50","author":"Baars","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol. Scand."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2026.2111726_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200604000-00026","article-title":"Propofol increases presynaptic inhibition of Ia afferents in the intact human spinal cord","volume":"104","author":"Baars","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2026.2111726_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1097\/ALN.0b013e3181a4c706","article-title":"Effects of sevoflurane and propofol on the nociceptive withdrawal reflex and on the H reflex","volume":"111","author":"Baars","year":"2009","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2026.2111726_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aei283","article-title":"The suppression of spinal F-waves by propofol does not predict immobility to painful stimuli in humans","volume":"96","author":"Baars","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2026.2111726_b0025","first-page":"159","article-title":"The H-Reflex and F-Response","volume":"9781461489429","author":"Bamford","year":"2014","journal-title":"Principles Neurophys. Assess. Map. Monitor."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2026.2111726_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01","article-title":"Fitting Linear Mixed-Effects Models using lme4","volume":"67","author":"Bates","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2026.2111726_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-021-02927-7","article-title":"Propofol reduces the amplitude of transcranial electrical motor-evoked potential without affecting spinal motor neurons: a prospective, single-arm, interventional study","volume":"35","author":"Deguchi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Anesth."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2026.2111726_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2006.08.006","article-title":"H-reflex depression by propofol and sevoflurane is dependent on stimulus intensity","volume":"117","author":"von Dincklage","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2026.2111726_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-200302000-00029","article-title":"Propofol Impairs the Central but not the Peripheral Part of the Motor System","volume":"96","author":"Dueck","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2026.2111726_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s10877-020-00645-1","article-title":"The influence of depth of anesthesia and blood pressure on muscle recorded motor evoked potentials in spinal surgery. a prospective observational study protocol","author":"Dulfer","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Monit. Comput."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2026.2111726_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000007777","article-title":"The Effects of Depth of Anesthesia on Muscle-Recorded Motor Evoked Potentials: A Prospective Observational Study","volume":"142","author":"Gadella","year":"2025","journal-title":"Anesth Analg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2026.2111726_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1586","DOI":"10.1213\/00000539-200206000-00040","article-title":"Propofol reduces spinal motor neuron excitability in humans","volume":"94","author":"Kakinohana","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2026.2111726_b0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-006-0394-9","article-title":"Nitrous oxide can enhance the hypnotic effect, but not the suppression of spinal motor neuron excitability by propofol in humans","volume":"20","author":"Kakinohana","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Anesth."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2026.2111726_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/ael081","article-title":"Level of consciousness affects the excitability of spinal motor neurones during propofol sedation in humans","volume":"96","author":"Kakinohana","year":"2006","journal-title":"Br. J. Anaesth."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2026.2111726_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1416","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200212000-00013","article-title":"Propofol and sevoflurane in subanesthetic concentrations act preferentially on the spinal cord: evidence from multimodal electrophysiological assessment","volume":"97","author":"Kammer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2026.2111726_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200101000-00010","article-title":"Effects of Propofol on H-reflex in Humans","volume":"94","author":"Kerz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2026.2111726_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s10877-006-9036-x","article-title":"Intraoperative applications of the H-reflex and F-response: a tutorial","volume":"20","author":"Leppanen","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Clin. Monit. Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2026.2111726_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2013.07.025","article-title":"American Society of Neurophysiological Monitoring. Intraoperative motor evoked potential monitoring \u2013 a position statement by the American Society of Neurophysiological Monitoring","volume":"124","author":"MacDonald","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2026.2111726_b0090","unstructured":"R Core Team. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing 2023."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2026.2111726_b0095","unstructured":"The MathWorks Inc. (2023). . n.d."}],"container-title":["Clinical Neurophysiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1388245726002257?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1388245726002257?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T03:01:38Z","timestamp":1776135698000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1388245726002257"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"references-count":20,"alternative-id":["S1388245726002257"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinph.2026.2111726","relation":{},"ISSN":["1388-2457"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1388-2457","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Characteristics and effects of depth of anaesthesia on late motor responses","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Neurophysiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinph.2026.2111726","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"2111726"}}