{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T21:04:51Z","timestamp":1790111091919,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"CAPES","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["303940\/2022-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["303940\/2022-0"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicaltherapeutics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Therapeutics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2026.08.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T20:40:19Z","timestamp":1789159219000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Endocannabinoid System is No Longer the Limiting Factor: Why Policy and Stigma Continue to Delay Cannabinoid-Based Medicine"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"given":"Joseane Alves","family":"de Souza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paulo Ricardo","family":"Martins-Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jullyana de Souza Siqueira","family":"Quintans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5155-938X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucindo","family":"Quintans-J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2026.08.016_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.1021\/ja01062a046","article-title":"Isolation, structure, and partial synthesis of an active constituent of hashish","volume":"86","author":"Gaoni","year":"1964","journal-title":"J Am Chem Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2026.08.016_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3811","article-title":"Early phytocannabinoid chemistry to endocannabinoids and beyond","volume":"15","author":"Mechoulam","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2026.08.016_bib0003","series-title":"The Health Effects of Cannabis and Cannabinoids: The Current State of Evidence and Recommendations for Research","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2026.08.016_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1177\/2049463720922884","article-title":"Barriers to the wider adoption of medicinal Cannabis","volume":"14","author":"Alexander","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Pain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2026.08.016_bib0005","unstructured":"United Nations Commission on Narcotic Drugs. UN commission reclassifies cannabis, yet still considered harmful. UN News. 2020. https:\/\/news.un.org\/en\/story\/2020\/12\/1079132"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2026.08.016_bib0006","unstructured":"United States Congress. Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018 (Farm Bill). Pub. L. No. 115-334, 132 Stat. 4490. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Publishing Office; 2018. Available from: https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/115\/plaws\/publ334\/PLAW-115publ334.pdf. Accessed July 8, 2026."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2026.08.016_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1007\/s43441-021-00346-0","article-title":"Real world evidence in medical cannabis research","volume":"56","author":"Banerjee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ther Innov Regul Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2026.08.016_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1411631","article-title":"The effects of standardized cannabis products in healthy volunteers and patients: a systematic literature review","volume":"15","author":"Leen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2026.08.016_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14030513","article-title":"Cannabis-based oral emulsion for medical purposes to meet the needs of patients: formulation, quality and stability","volume":"14","author":"Baratta","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2026.08.016_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1080\/15563650.2025.2559183","article-title":"Dazed and confused: variability in reported and measured tetrahydrocannabinol content in cannabis edibles","volume":"63","author":"Beneke","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clin Toxicol (Phila)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2026.08.016_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.3390\/jmahp13020013","article-title":"Healthcare professionals\u2019 perceptions of medical cannabis in Greece: a qualitative study","volume":"13","author":"Ntais","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Mark Access Health Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2026.08.016_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1111\/inm.13231","article-title":"Stigma-related barriers to medical cannabis as harm reduction for substance use disorder: obstacles and opportunities for improvement","volume":"33","author":"Fehr","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Ment Health Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2026.08.016_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1159\/000551584","article-title":"The persistence of stigma and other challenges experienced by medical cannabis users: a thematic synthesis of qualitative studies","volume":"9","author":"Breuning","year":"2026","journal-title":"Med Cannabis Cannabinoids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2026.08.016_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-025-22084-w","article-title":"Detecting and understanding potential stigma among medical cannabis users in Germany","volume":"25","author":"Borojevic","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2026.08.016_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-022-03716-9","article-title":"Healthcare practitioner perceptions on barriers impacting cannabis prescribing practices","volume":"22","author":"Hachem","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Complement Med Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2026.08.016_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1626","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10121626","article-title":"Neopterin and CXCL-10 in cerebrospinal fluid as potential biomarkers of neuroinvasive dengue and chikungunya","volume":"10","author":"Puccioni-Sohler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2026.08.016_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3125","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043125","article-title":"Effects of cannabidiol on innate immunity: experimental evidence and clinical relevance","volume":"24","author":"Martini","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"}],"container-title":["Clinical Therapeutics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0149291826003176?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0149291826003176?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T20:07:56Z","timestamp":1790107676000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0149291826003176"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":17,"alternative-id":["S0149291826003176"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinthera.2026.08.016","relation":{},"ISSN":["0149-2918"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0149-2918","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The Endocannabinoid System is No Longer the Limiting Factor: Why Policy and Stigma Continue to Delay Cannabinoid-Based Medicine","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Therapeutics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinthera.2026.08.016","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}