{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,9]],"date-time":"2025-04-09T04:46:14Z","timestamp":1744173974110},"reference-count":213,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,1]],"date-time":"2006-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1149120000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinics in Laboratory Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,10]],"date-time":"2007-01-10T14:29:29Z","timestamp":1168439369000},"page":"445-489","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Clinicopathologic Aspects of Animal and Zoonotic Diseases of Bioterrorism"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Marc E.","family":"Mattix","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David H.","family":"Zeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Moeller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carney","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Larsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib1","series-title":"The National Defense Strategy of the United States of America","author":"Department of Defense","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib2","series-title":"Preventing emerging infectious diseases: a strategy for the 21st century","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1086\/313804","article-title":"Cases of cat-associated human plague in the western US, 1977\u20131998","volume":"30","author":"Gage","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib4","series-title":"Laboratory manual of plague diagnostic tests","author":"Chu","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib5","series-title":"Plague manual: epidemiology, distribution, surveillance and control","author":"Dennis","year":"1999"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.10.1.35","article-title":"Yersinia pestis\u2013etiologic agent of plague","volume":"10","author":"Perry","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1038\/35038073","article-title":"Metapopulation dynamics of bubonic plague","volume":"407","author":"Keeling","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14043","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.24.14043","article-title":"Yersinia pestis, the cause of plague, is a recently emerged clone of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis","volume":"96","author":"Achtman","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17837","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0408026101","article-title":"Microevolution and history of the plague bacillus, Yersinia pestis","volume":"101","author":"Achtman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0288-118","article-title":"The bubonic plague","volume":"258","author":"McEvedy","year":"1998","journal-title":"Sci Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1086\/314456","article-title":"Evaluation of the role of the Yersinia pestis plasminogen activator and other plasmid-encoded factors in temperature-dependent blockage of the flea","volume":"178","author":"Hinnebusch","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib12","first-page":"156","article-title":"Pathology of experimental pneumonic plague produced by fraction 1-positive and fraction 1-negative Yersinia pestis in African green monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops)","volume":"120","author":"Davis","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.31.2.839-841.1981","article-title":"Plasmids in Yersinia pestis","volume":"31","author":"Ferber","year":"1981","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S178","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/21.Supplement_2.S178","article-title":"Relationship between virulence and immunity as revealed in recent studies of the F1 capsule of Yersinia pestis","volume":"21","author":"Friedlander","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1006\/mpat.1997.0188","article-title":"V antigen of Yersinia pestis inhibits neutrophil chemotaxis","volume":"24","author":"Welkos","year":"1998","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib16","first-page":"77","article-title":"An overview of plague in the United States and a report of investigations of two human cases in Kern County, California","volume":"22","author":"Madon","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Vector Ecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib17","first-page":"42","article-title":"The possibility of preserving the causative agent of plague in soil in resting (nonculturable) form","volume":"4","author":"Suchkov","year":"1997","journal-title":"Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.68.1.397-400.2002","article-title":"Transmission of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from contaminated manure and irrigation water to lettuce plant tissue and its subsequent internalization","volume":"68","author":"Solomon","year":"2002","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib19","first-page":"40","article-title":"The colonization of plants by Yersinia pestis EV in an experiment","volume":"3","author":"Rivkus","year":"2000","journal-title":"Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib20","first-page":"45","article-title":"The duration of the persistence of the plague microbe in the body of the flea Citellophilus tesquorum altaicus","volume":"1","author":"Bazanova","year":"1996","journal-title":"Med Parazitol (Mosk)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0404.980403","article-title":"Ecological studies of rodent reservoirs: their relevance for human health","volume":"4","author":"Mills","year":"1998","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1995.207.03.316","article-title":"Yersinia pestis infection in three dogs","volume":"207","author":"Orloski","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/141.6.724","article-title":"Plague in camels and goats: their role in human epidemics","volume":"141","author":"Christie","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-35.3.600","article-title":"Plague in free-ranging mammals in western North Dakota","volume":"35","author":"Dyer","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-19.1.1","article-title":"Serologic testing of badgers to monitor plague in southwestern Idaho","volume":"19","author":"Messick","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-39.2.449","article-title":"Serologic survey for diseases in free-ranging coyotes (Canis latrans) from two ecologically distinct areas of Utah","volume":"39","author":"Arjo","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib27","first-page":"1","article-title":"Summary of notifiable diseases- United States, 2003","volume":"52","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2005","journal-title":"MMWR Notifiable Diseases"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1109.050081","article-title":"Plague from eating raw camel liver","volume":"11","author":"Bin Saeed","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib29","first-page":"875","article-title":"Public health implications of plague in domestic cats","volume":"179","author":"Kaufman","year":"1981","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/30.1.20","article-title":"Plague (Yersinia pestis) in cats: description of experimentally induced disease","volume":"39","author":"Gasper","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1991.199.09.1191","article-title":"Clinical, clinicopathologic, and pathologic features of plague in cats: 119 cases (1977\u20131988)","volume":"199","author":"Eidson","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1354\/vp.38-2-165","article-title":"Histopathology of experimental plague in cats","volume":"38","author":"Watson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2003.222.444","article-title":"Plague: a veterinary perspective","volume":"222","author":"Orloski","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-2712(18)30021-0","article-title":"Clinicopathologic aspects of bacterial agents","volume":"21","author":"Martin","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Lab Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-23.1.155","article-title":"Plague in a free-ranging mule deer from Wyoming","volume":"23","author":"Thorne","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-30.4.581","article-title":"Plague in a black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes)","volume":"30","author":"Williams","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib37","first-page":"865","article-title":"Bacterial filamentation of Yersinia pestis by beta-lactam antibiotics in experimentally infected mice","volume":"121","author":"Davis","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.1994.tb01622.x","article-title":"Development of a diagnostic test for Yersinia pestis by the polymerase chain reaction","volume":"76","author":"Norkina","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Appl Bacteriol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4873","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.10.4873-4875.2003","article-title":"Detection of Yersinia pestis in sputum by real-time PCR","volume":"41","author":"Lo\u00efez","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-4-22","article-title":"Tandem repeats analysis for the high resolution phylogenetic analysis of Yersinia pestis","volume":"4","author":"Pourcel","year":"2004","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8408","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0401561101","article-title":"Differential plague-transmission dynamics determine Yersinia pestis population genetic structure on local, regional, and global scales","volume":"101","author":"Girard","year":"2004","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1516","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.4.1516-1519.2000","article-title":"Diversity in a variable-number tandem repeat from Yersinia pestis","volume":"38","author":"Adair","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0802.010164","article-title":"Public health assessment of potential biological terrorism agents","volume":"8","author":"Rotz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1112.051322","article-title":"Role of multisector partnerships in controlling emerging zoonotic diseases","volume":"11","author":"Marano","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib45","first-page":"725","article-title":"Imported plague\u2014New York City, 2002","volume":"52","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2003","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.2.650-656.2005","article-title":"Identifying sources of human exposure to plague","volume":"43","author":"Lowell","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199709043371004","article-title":"Multidrug resistance in Yersinia pestis mediated by a transferable plasmid","volume":"337","author":"Galimand","year":"1997","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0701.010106","article-title":"Transferable plasmid-mediated resistance to streptomycin in a clinical isolate of Yersinia pestis","volume":"7","author":"Guiyoule","year":"2001","journal-title":"Emerg Infec Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.15.4.631-646.2002","article-title":"Tularemia","volume":"15","author":"Ellis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1051\/vetres:2005006","article-title":"Tularemia: emergence\/re-emergence","volume":"36","author":"Petersen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5808","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.186.17.5808-5818.2004","article-title":"Worldwide genetic relationship among Francisella tularensis isolates determined by multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis","volume":"186","author":"Johansson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib52","series-title":"Tularemia","author":"U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Disease","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib53","first-page":"E9","article-title":"Bichat guidelines for the clinical management of tularemia and bioterrorism-related tularemia","volume":"9","author":"Bossi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007537405242","article-title":"First isolation of Francisella tularensis subsp. Tularensis in Europe","volume":"14","author":"Gurycova","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.05245-0","article-title":"Characterization of a novicida-like subspecies of Francisella tularensis isolated in Australia","volume":"52","author":"Whipp","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3733","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.70.6.3733-3735.2004","article-title":"Methods for enhanced culture recovery of Francisella tularensis","volume":"70","author":"Petersen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Appl Envron Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.03.00088903","article-title":"Tularemia","volume":"21","author":"T\u00e4rnvik","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib58","first-page":"105","article-title":"Laboratory-associated infections: summary and analysis of 3921 cases","volume":"13","author":"Pike","year":"1976","journal-title":"Health Lab Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2278","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.6.2278-2281.2002","article-title":"Exposure of laboratory workers to Francisella tularensis despite a bioterrorism procedure","volume":"40","author":"Shapiro","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2003.222.725","article-title":"Tularemia","volume":"222","author":"Feldman","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0703.010340","article-title":"Waterborne outbreak of tularemia associated with crayfish fishing","volume":"7","author":"Anda","year":"2001","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib62","series-title":"Tularemia in North America, 1930\u20131974","author":"Jellison","year":"1974"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1003.030504","article-title":"Laboratory analysis of tularemia in wild-trapped, commercially traded prairie dogs, Texas, 2002","volume":"10","author":"Petersen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-11.3.421","article-title":"Chronic shedding tularemia nephritis in rodents: possible relation to occurrence of Francisella tularensis in lotic waters","volume":"11","author":"Bell","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.69.1.600-606.2003","article-title":"Survival and growth of Francisella tularensis in Acanthamoeba castellanii","volume":"69","author":"Abd","year":"2003","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib66","first-page":"11","article-title":"Noncultivatable forms of Francisella tularensis","volume":"2","author":"Romanova","year":"2000","journal-title":"Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib67","first-page":"909","article-title":"Francisella tularensis in Dermacentor reticulatus ticks from the Czech Republic and Austria","volume":"110","author":"Hubalek","year":"1998","journal-title":"Wien Klin Wochenschr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4968","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.11.4968-4973.2004","article-title":"Genotypic diversity of Francisella tularensis infecting Dermacenter variabilis ticks on Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts","volume":"42","author":"Goethert","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa011374","article-title":"An outbreak of primary pneumonic tularemia on Martha's Vineyard","volume":"345","author":"Feldman","year":"2001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1109.041189","article-title":"Endemic tularemia in Sweden, 2003","volume":"11","author":"Payne","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540410020442","article-title":"Tularemia in Europe: an epidemiological overview","volume":"36","author":"T\u00e4rnvik","year":"2004","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1177\/104063879400600120","article-title":"Feline tularemia on Nantucket Island. Massachesetts","volume":"6","author":"Gliatto","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib73","first-page":"1381","article-title":"Feline plague in New Mexico: report of five cases","volume":"179","author":"Rollag","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1602","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1991.199.11.1602","article-title":"Acute tularemia in three domestic cats","volume":"199","author":"Baldwin","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib75","first-page":"49","article-title":"Tularemia: a case transmitted from a sheep","volume":"63","author":"Senol","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1998.212.01.81","article-title":"Tularemia in two cats","volume":"212","author":"Woods","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1177\/104063879000200320","article-title":"Tularemia in a cat","volume":"2","author":"Rhyan","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-40.4.741","article-title":"Serologic survey for canine infectious diseases among sympatric swift foxes (Vulpes velox) and coyotes (Canis latrans) in southeastern Colorado","volume":"40","author":"Gese","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Wildl Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib79","first-page":"497","article-title":"The role of wildlife in emerging and re-emerging zoonoses","volume":"23","author":"Bengis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rev Sci Tech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-199109000-00008","article-title":"Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of tularemia in Oklahoma, 1979\u20131985","volume":"84","author":"Rohrbach","year":"1991","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1093\/clind\/16.4.472","article-title":"Tularemia from a cat bite: case report and review of feline-associated tularemia","volume":"16","author":"Capellan","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib82","first-page":"181","article-title":"Tularemia\u2014United States, 1990\u20132000","volume":"51","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2002","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3349\/ymj.2004.45.1.17","article-title":"An outbreak of tularemia in western Black Sea region of turkey","volume":"45","author":"G\u00fcrcan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Yonsei Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540510012125","article-title":"Outbreak of tularemia in Golcuk, Turkey in 2005: report of 5 cases and an overview of the literature from Turkey","volume":"37","author":"Karadenizli","year":"2005","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007610724801","article-title":"Tularemia in Bursa, Turkey: 205 cases in ten years","volume":"16","author":"Helvaci","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1086\/322601","article-title":"Tularemia epidemic in northwestern Spain: clinical description and therapeutic response","volume":"15","author":"Perez-Castrillon","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0801.010131","article-title":"Tularemia outbreak investigation in Kosovo: case control and environmental studies","volume":"8","author":"Reintjes","year":"2002","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1499","article-title":"The complete genome sequence of Francisella tularensis, the causative agent of tularemia","volume":"37","author":"Larsson","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5892","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.9.5892-5902.2005","article-title":"Francisella tularensis enters macrophages via a novel process involving pseudopod loops","volume":"73","author":"Clemens","year":"2005","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2005.00526.x","article-title":"The Francisella tularensis pathogenicity island protein IglC and its regulator MglA are essential for modulating phagosome biogenesis and subsequent bacterial escape into the cytoplasm","volume":"7","author":"Santic","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cell Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3204","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.72.6.3204-3217.2004","article-title":"Virulent and avirulent strains of Francisella tularensis prevent acidification and maturation of their phagosomes and escape into the cytoplasm in human macrophages","volume":"72","author":"Clemens","year":"2004","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1645\/0022-3395(2003)089[0014:TSGEAP]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Tick salivary gland extract accelerates proliferation of Francisella tularensis in the host","volume":"89","author":"Krocova","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870401600115","article-title":"Localized cutaneous infection with Francisella tularensis resembling ulceroglandular tularemia in a cat","volume":"16","author":"Valentine","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.5326\/15473317-32-4-339","article-title":"Tularemia in a dog","volume":"32","author":"Gustafson","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.2004.225.545","article-title":"Naturally occurring tularemia in a dog","volume":"225","author":"Meinkoth","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib96","first-page":"688","article-title":"Public health dispatch: outbreak of tularemia among commercially distributed prairie dogs, 2002","volume":"51","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2002","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540410021199","article-title":"Tularemia outbreak in Bulgaria","volume":"36","author":"Christova","year":"2004","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1157\/13062328","article-title":"Francisella tularensis infection transmitted by prairie dog","volume":"60","author":"Alcal\u00e1 Minagorre","year":"2004","journal-title":"An Pediatr (Barc)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0903.020462","article-title":"Tularemia on Martha's Vineyard: seroprevalence and occupational risk","volume":"9","author":"Feldman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870201400213","article-title":"Immunohistochemical demonstration of Francisella tularensis in lesions of cats with tularemia","volume":"14","author":"DeBey","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870401600210","article-title":"An outbreak of Francisella tularensis in captive prairie dogs: an immunohistochemical analysis","volume":"16","author":"Zeidner","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870401600502","article-title":"Characterization of a wild-type strain of Francisella tularensis isolated from a cat","volume":"16","author":"Inzana","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7594","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.71.11.7594-7597.2005","article-title":"Discrimination between Francisella tularensis and Francisella-like endosymbionts when screening ticks by PCR","volume":"71","author":"Kugeler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.1.22-26.2000","article-title":"Comparative analysis of PCR versus culture for diagnosis of ulceroglandular tularemia","volume":"38","author":"Johansson","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5492","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.12.5492-5499.2003","article-title":"Development of a multitarget real-time TaqMan PCR assay for enhanced detection of Francisella tularensis in complex specimens","volume":"41","author":"Versage","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.3800087","article-title":"Histologic and molecular diagnosis of tularemia: a potential bioterrorism agent endemic to North America","volume":"17","author":"Lamps","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0463.2004.apm11211-1212.x","article-title":"The development of tools for diagnosis of tularemia and typing of Francisella tularensis","volume":"112","author":"Johansson","year":"2004","journal-title":"APMIS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2964","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.8.2964-2972.2002","article-title":"Genotyping of Francisella tularensis strains by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, amplified fragment length polymorphism fingerprinting, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing","volume":"40","author":"Garc\u00eda del Blanco","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.femsle.2004.12.020","article-title":"Discrimination of Francisella tularensis subspecies using surface enhanced laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry and multivariate data analysis","volume":"243","author":"Lundquist","year":"2005","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Ecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1099\/00207713-44-1-38","article-title":"Analysis of 16S ribosomal DNA sequences of Francisella tularensis strains and utilization for determination of the phylogeny of the genus and for identification of strains by PCR","volume":"44","author":"Forsman","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Syst Bacteriol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2924","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.7.2924-2931.2003","article-title":"Genome-wide DNA microarray analysis of Francisella tularensis strains differentiates extensive genetic conservation within the species but itentifies regions that are unique to the highly virulent F. tularensis subsp. tularensis","volume":"41","author":"Broekhuijsen","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.3.1016-1022.2000","article-title":"Comparison of different PCR approaches for typing of Francisella tularensis strains","volume":"38","author":"de la Puente-Redonodo","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.7.1.86-90.2000","article-title":"Detection of Francisella tularensis in biological specimens using a capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, an immunochromatographic handheld assay, and a PCR","volume":"7","author":"Grunow","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Diagn Lab Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.2.689-693.2003","article-title":"Detection of Francisella tularensis within infected mouse tissues by using a hand-held PCR thermocycler","volume":"41","author":"Emanuel","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2372","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.28.10.2372-2374.1990","article-title":"Microagglutination test for early and specific serodiagnosis of tularemia","volume":"28","author":"Sato","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2005.01.004","article-title":"Lipopolysaccharide microarrays for the detection of antibodies","volume":"298","author":"Thirumalapura","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1128\/CDLI.11.6.1008-1015.2004","article-title":"Comparison of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blotting, microagglutination, indirect immunofluorescence assay, and flow cytometry for serologic diagnosis of tularemia","volume":"11","author":"Porsch-\u00d6zc\u00fcr\u00fcmez","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Diagn Lab Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1003.030695","article-title":"First reported prairie dog-to-human tularemia transmission, Texas, 2002","volume":"10","author":"Avashia","year":"2004","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib119","first-page":"1","article-title":"Anthrax in South Dakota, Summer 2005","volume":"8","author":"Daly","year":"2005","journal-title":"Animal Health Matters"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib120","series-title":"Anthrax. 3rd edition. (Manual of standards for diagnostic tests and vaccines)","author":"Standards Commission OIE","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib121","series-title":"Medical microbiology: an introduction to infectious disease","first-page":"188","article-title":"Bacillus","author":"Ryan","year":"1984"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib122","series-title":"Medical microbiology","first-page":"233","article-title":"Bacillus","author":"Turnbull","year":"1996"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib123","series-title":"Hagan and Bruner's Microbiology and Infectious Diseases of Domestic Animals","article-title":"The genus Bacillus","author":"Timoney","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1126\/science.172.3990.1303","article-title":"Ecology of anthrax","volume":"172","author":"Van Ness","year":"1971","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1038\/295362c0","article-title":"Anthrax island","volume":"295","author":"Sterne","year":"1982","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib126","series-title":"The Merck veterinary manual","first-page":"432","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib127","series-title":"Emerging and exotic diseases of animals","first-page":"87","article-title":"Anthrax","author":"Roth","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib128","series-title":"Pathology of domestic animals, vol. 3","first-page":"240","article-title":"The hematopoietic system","author":"Valli","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib129","series-title":"Manual of clinical microbiology","first-page":"445","article-title":"Bacillus and other aerobic endospore-forming bacteria","author":"Logan","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib130","series-title":"Principles and practices of infectious diseases","first-page":"1182","article-title":"Bacillus anthracis (anthrax)","author":"Laforce","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib131","series-title":"Laboratory acquired infections","author":"Collins","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib132","first-page":"1518","article-title":"Pathology of anthrax infections in animal hosts","volume":"26","author":"Gleiser","year":"1967","journal-title":"Fed Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1097\/01.LAB.0000080599.43791.01","article-title":"Pathology of inhalation anthrax in Cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis)","volume":"83","author":"Vasconcelos","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib134","series-title":"Bacterial infections of Humans","first-page":"95","article-title":"Anthrax","author":"Brachman","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2595","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.20.2595","article-title":"Bioterrorism on the home front: a new challenge for American medicine","volume":"286","author":"Lane","year":"2001","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1997.03550050074036","article-title":"Biological warfare; a historical perspective","volume":"278","author":"Christopher","year":"1997","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0810.020353","article-title":"Investigation of bioterrorism-related anthrax, United States, 2001: epidemiologic findings","volume":"8","author":"Jernigan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2325","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra050570","volume":"352","author":"Pappas","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brucellosis. N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib139","unstructured":"August K, Rovid-Spickler A, Davis R, et al. Brucellosis. Available at: http:\/\/www.cfsph.iastate.edu\/Factsheets\/pdfs\/brucellosis.pdf. Accessed 2005."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib140","series-title":"Zoonoses and communicable diseases common to man and animals","author":"Dubinsky","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib141","series-title":"Brucellosis","author":"U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Disease","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib142","series-title":"Control of communicable diseases manual","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0905.020477","article-title":"Endemic, notifiable bioterrorism-related diseases, United States, 1992\u20131999","volume":"9","author":"Chang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2005.02.018","article-title":"Laboratory-acquired brucellosis: a Spanish national survey","volume":"61","author":"Bouza","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1108.041197","article-title":"Laboratory exposures to Brucellae and implications for bioterrorism","volume":"11","author":"Yagupsky","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2005.02.006","article-title":"A complication of brucellosis: epididymoorchitis","volume":"10","author":"Akinci","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rvsc.2003.09.001","article-title":"Q fever (coxiellosis): epidemiology and pathogenesis","volume":"77","author":"Woldehiwet","year":"2004","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib148","first-page":"81","article-title":"Q fever: a zoonosis","volume":"5","author":"Babudieri","year":"1959","journal-title":"Adv Vet Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Webster JP, Lloyd G, MacDonald DW. Q fever (Coxiella burnetii) reservoir in wild brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) populations in the UK Parasitol 1995;110:31\u20135.","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182000081014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a121298","article-title":"Coxiella burnetii in wildlife-livestock environment: distribution of Q fever in wild mammals","volume":"94","author":"Enright","year":"1971","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib151","series-title":"Biology of rickettsial disease","first-page":"51","article-title":"Relationship of the physiology and composition of Coxiella burnetii to the Coxiella host cells interaction","author":"Thompson","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(99)01475-4","article-title":"Developmental biology of Coxiella burnetii","volume":"7","author":"Heinzen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1051\/vetres:2005010","article-title":"Is Q fever an emerging or re-emerging zoonosis?","volume":"36","author":"Arricau-Bouvery","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vet Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib154","first-page":"1","article-title":"Q fever, clinical signs, symptoms, and pathophysiology","volume":"vol. II","author":"Marrie","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0691.2001.00193.x","article-title":"Survival of Coxiella burnetii within free living amoeba, Acanthamoeba castellanii","volume":"7","author":"La Scola","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1292\/jvms.60.859","article-title":"Isolation of Coxiella burnetii from dairy cattle with reproductive disorders","volume":"60","author":"To","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Vet Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib157","first-page":"613","article-title":"Isolation of Coxiella burnetii from dairy cattle and ticks and some characterization of the isolate in Japan","volume":"36","author":"To","year":"1995","journal-title":"Microbiol Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1135(01)00480-1","article-title":"Shedding of Coxiella burnetii in ewes in two pregnancies following an episode of Coxiella abortion in a sheep flock","volume":"85","author":"Berri","year":"2002","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1051\/vetres:2003017","article-title":"Experimental Coxiella burnetii infection in pregnant goats: excretion routes","volume":"34","author":"Arricau-Bouvery","year":"2003","journal-title":"Vet Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.148.16.502","article-title":"Relationship between the shedding of Coxiella burnetii, clinical signs and serological responses of 34 sheep","volume":"148","author":"Berri","year":"2001","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1007.030724","article-title":"Wind in November, Q fever in December","volume":"10","author":"Tissot-Dupont","year":"2004","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009920","article-title":"Hyperendemic focus of Q fever related to sheep and wind","volume":"150","author":"Tissot-Dupont","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.2307\/4591908","article-title":"Serologic analysis of a penitentiary group using raw milk from a Q fever infected herd","volume":"78","author":"Benson","year":"1963","journal-title":"J Public Health Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1097\/00001432-200404000-00012","article-title":"Q fever pneumonia","volume":"17","author":"Marrie","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib165","series-title":"medical aspects of chemical and biological warfare","first-page":"523","article-title":"Q fever","author":"Byrne","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.03.022","article-title":"Abdominal aortic aneurysm and Coxiella burnetii infections: report of three cases and review of the literature","volume":"42","author":"Sessa","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(03)00804-1","article-title":"Q fever: a biological weapon in your backyard","volume":"3","author":"Madariaga","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/155.3.570","article-title":"Q fever endocarditis in South France","volume":"155","author":"Raoult","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1990.tb42206.x","article-title":"Chronic Q fever: diagnosis and follow-up","volume":"590","author":"Raoult","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.35.3.533","article-title":"Comparison of different antibiotic regimens for therapy of 32 cases of Q fever endocarditis","volume":"35","author":"Levy","year":"1991","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1086\/424014","article-title":"Three cases of Q fever osteomyelitis in children and a review of the literature","volume":"39","author":"Nourse","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.162.6.701","article-title":"Q fever during pregnancy: diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up","volume":"162","author":"Raoult","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870101300317","article-title":"Causes of caprine abortions: diagnostic assessment of 211 cases (1991\u20131998)","volume":"13","author":"Moeller","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1177\/030098589102800112","article-title":"Pathology and diagnosis of Coxiella burnetii: infection in a goat herd","volume":"28","author":"Moore","year":"1991","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07440.x","article-title":"Molecular pathogenesis of Coxiella burnetii in a genomics era","volume":"990","author":"Samuel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4488","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.169.8.4488","article-title":"Coxiella burnetii survival in THP-1 monocytes involves the impairment of phagosome maturization: IFN-gamma mediates restoration and bacterial killing","volume":"169","author":"Ghigo","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.1.160-164.2000","article-title":"Coxiella burnetii survives in monocytes from patients with Q fever endocarditis: involvement of tumor necrosis factor","volume":"68","author":"Dellacasagrande","year":"2000","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5094","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.11.5094-5098.2003","article-title":"Comparison of PCR and serology assays for early diagnosis of acute Q fever","volume":"41","author":"Fournier","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1038\/438575a","article-title":"Fruit bats as reservoirs of Ebola virus","volume":"438","author":"Leroy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"31","key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib180","first-page":"709","article-title":"Fatal illnesses associated with a New World arenavirus \u2014California, 1999\u20132000","volume":"49","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2000","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib181","unstructured":"National Institute of Infectious Disease. NIAID category A, B & C priority pathogens. Available at: http:\/\/www3.niaid.nih.gov\/biodefense\/bandc_priority.htm. Accessed 2005."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2391","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.287.18.2391","article-title":"Hemorrhagic fever viruses as biological weapons: medical and public health management","volume":"287","author":"Borio","year":"2002","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(97)90215-7","article-title":"Isolation of a flavivirus related to the tick-borne encephalitis complex from human cases in Saudi Arabia","volume":"91","author":"Zaki","year":"1997","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2004.11.012","article-title":"Alkhumra virus infection, a new viral hemorrhagic fever in Saudi Arabia","volume":"51","author":"Madani","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1700340418","article-title":"Enzootic hepatitis or Rift Valley fever. An undescribed virus diesease of sheep, cattle and man from East Africa","volume":"34","author":"Daubney","year":"1931","journal-title":"J Pathol Bacteriol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S0923-2516(89)80096-2","article-title":"Analytical study of a Rift Valley fever epidemic","volume":"140","author":"Jouan","year":"1989","journal-title":"Res Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib187","unstructured":"International Committee on Virus Taxonomy. The Universal Virus Database, version 3; 2005."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib188","first-page":"461","article-title":"Virus pantropic. IV. Febre do Vale do Riff","volume":"7","author":"Guilherme Lacorte","year":"1950","journal-title":"Rev Bras Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib189","first-page":"65","article-title":"Rift valley fever","volume":"10","author":"Easterday","year":"1965","journal-title":"Adv Vet Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(79)90005-1","article-title":"The Rift Valley fever epizootic in Egypt 1977\u201378. 2. Ecological and entomological studies","volume":"73","author":"Hoogstraal","year":"1979","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib191","series-title":"Foreign animal diseases","first-page":"353","article-title":"Rift Valley fever (infectious enzootic hepatitis of sheep and cattle)","author":"Mebus","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1603\/0022-2585(2000)037[0435:LTORVF]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Laboratory transmission of Rift Valley fever virus by Phlebotomus duboscqi, Phlebotomus papatasi, Phlebotomus sergenti, and Sergentomyia schwetzi (Diptera: Psychodidae)","volume":"37","author":"Dohm","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(87)90460-3","article-title":"Rift Valley fever virus transmission by different Egyptian mosquito species","volume":"81","author":"Gad","year":"1987","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1996.54.136","article-title":"Vector competence of Egyptian mosquitoes for Rift Valley fever virus","volume":"54","author":"Turell","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1988.38.440","article-title":"Vector potential of selected North American mosquito species for Rift Valley fever virus","volume":"38","author":"Gargan","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib196","first-page":"51","article-title":"Rift Valley fever","volume":"vol. IV","author":"Meegan","year":"1988"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/35.2.132","article-title":"Susceptibility of selected strains of Australian mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) to Rift Valley fever virus","volume":"35","author":"Turell","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1990.42.185","article-title":"Transmission of Rift Valley fever virus by the sand fly, Phlebotomus duboscqi (Diptera: Psychodidae)","volume":"42","author":"Turell","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(02)00295-9","article-title":"Rift Valley fever: an uninvited zoonosis in the Arabian peninsula","volume":"21","author":"Balkhy","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/S0769-2617(88)80046-7","article-title":"An RVF epidemic in southern Mauritania","volume":"139","author":"Jouan","year":"1988","journal-title":"Ann Inst Pasteur Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib201","first-page":"77","article-title":"The symptomatology and pathology of rift valley fever in domestic animals","volume":"vol. 3","author":"Erasmus","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2004.09.018","article-title":"Ocular complications of Rift Valley fever outbreak in Saudi Arabia","volume":"112","author":"Al-Hazmi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib203","first-page":"867","article-title":"Rift Valley fever affecting humans in South Africa: a clinicopathological study","volume":"51","author":"van Velden","year":"1977","journal-title":"S Afr Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib204","first-page":"185","article-title":"Ocular complications of Rift Valley fever","volume":"53","author":"Siam","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Egypt Public Health Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.64.5.366","article-title":"Rift Valley fever ocular manifestations: observations during the 1977 epidemic in Egypt","volume":"64","author":"Siam","year":"1980","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(80)90074-7","article-title":"Ocular disease resulting from infection with Rift Valley fever virus","volume":"74","author":"Siam","year":"1980","journal-title":"Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1177\/030098589202900602","article-title":"Rift Valley fever virus-induced encephalomyelitis and hepatitis in calves","volume":"29","author":"Rippy","year":"1992","journal-title":"Vet Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1086\/345671","article-title":"Epidemic Rift Valley fever in Saudi Arabia: a clinical study of severe illness in humans","volume":"36","author":"Al-Hazmi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib209","first-page":"114","article-title":"Clinical experience with Rift valley fever in humans during the 1977 Egyptian epizootic","volume":"vol. 3","author":"Meegan","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib210","unstructured":"Barry JT, Bellamy JA, Bresnitz EA, et al. Criminal and Epidemiological Investigation handbook Department of Justice 2003. Available at: http:\/\/www.edgewood.army.mil\/downloads\/mirp\/ECBC_ceih.pdf. Accessed 2005."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0403.980324","article-title":"Emerging zoonoses","volume":"4","author":"Murphy","year":"1998","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3138\/jvme.29.1.1","article-title":"Bio- and agroterror: the role of the veterinary academy","volume":"29","author":"Thurmond","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Vet Med Edu"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010_bib213","unstructured":"Moore DH. Zoonotic diseases, bioterrorism and agroterrorism: prevention by preparedness. Presented at the Chemical and Biologican Medical Treatment Symposium; Spiez, Switzerland: 2004."}],"container-title":["Clinics in Laboratory Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0272271206000242?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0272271206000242?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,10]],"date-time":"2024-02-10T00:45:29Z","timestamp":1707525929000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0272271206000242"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,6]]},"references-count":213,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0272271206000242"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cll.2006.03.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["0272-2712"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0272-2712","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,6]]}}}