{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T20:09:19Z","timestamp":1781294959678,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,1]],"date-time":"2013-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1375315200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,1]],"date-time":"2013-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1375315200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Lymphoma SPORE","award":["CA136411"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CA136411"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["P30-16672"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30-16672"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinical-lymphoma-myeloma-leukemia.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Lymphoma Myeloma and Leukemia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,14]],"date-time":"2013-06-14T21:24:38Z","timestamp":1371245078000},"page":"458-466","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Preclinical and Clinical Evaluation of Forodesine in Pediatric and Adult B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Kumudha","family":"Balakrishnan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farhad","family":"Ravandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanta","family":"Bantia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Franklin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Varsha","family":"Gandhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1010","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(75)91950-9","article-title":"Nucleoside-phosphorylase deficiency in a child with severely defective T-cell immunity and normal B-cell immunity","volume":"1","author":"Giblett","year":"1975","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI109058","article-title":"Deoxyguanosine triphosphate as a possible toxic metabolite in the immunodeficiency associated with purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency","volume":"61","author":"Cohen","year":"1978","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1842","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-01-0317","article-title":"Mechanisms for T-cell selective cytotoxicity of arabinosylguanine","volume":"102","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2003","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI111514","article-title":"Specific cytotoxicity of arabinosylguanine toward cultured T lymphoblasts","volume":"74","author":"Ullman","year":"1984","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib5","first-page":"3100","article-title":"Arabinosylguanine is phosphorylated by both cytoplasmic deoxycytidine kinase and mitochondrial deoxyguanosine kinase","volume":"62","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V61.4.660.660","article-title":"Selective toxicity of deoxyguanosine and arabinosyl guanine for T-leukemic cells","volume":"61","author":"Cohen","year":"1983","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2000.18.5.995","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of nelarabine and 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl guanine in pediatric and adult patients during a phase I study of nelarabine for the treatment of refractory hematologic malignancies","volume":"18","author":"Kisor","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3396","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.03.199","article-title":"Phase I study of 506U78 administered on a consecutive 5-day schedule in children and adults with refractory hematologic malignancies","volume":"23","author":"Kurtzberg","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3607","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1998.16.11.3607","article-title":"Compound GW506U78 in refractory hematologic malignancies: relationship between cellular pharmacokinetics and clinical response","volume":"16","author":"Gandhi","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2142","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2001.19.8.2142","article-title":"Evaluation of the combination of nelarabine and fludarabine in leukemias: clinical response, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics in leukemia cells","volume":"19","author":"Gandhi","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3376","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.03.426","article-title":"Phase II study of nelarabine (compound 506U78) in children and young adults with refractory T-cell malignancies: a report from the Children's Oncology Group","volume":"23","author":"Berg","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4439(02)00073-X","article-title":"Development of transition state analogues of purine nucleoside phosphorylase as anti-T-cell agents","volume":"1587","author":"Schramm","year":"2002","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4593","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.071050798","article-title":"Immucillin H, a powerful transition-state analog inhibitor of purine nucleoside phosphorylase, selectively inhibits human T lymphocytes","volume":"98","author":"Kicska","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4253","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-03-1309","article-title":"A\u00a0proof-of-principle pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and clinical study with purine nucleoside phosphorylase inhibitor immucillin-H (BCX-1777, forodesine)","volume":"106","author":"Gandhi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-10-246199","article-title":"Influence of bone marrow stromal microenvironment on forodesine-induced responses in CLL primary cells","volume":"116","author":"Balakrishnan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2392","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-03-007468","article-title":"Forodesine, an inhibitor of purine nucleoside phosphorylase, induces apoptosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells","volume":"108","author":"Balakrishnan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-02-272039","article-title":"Phase 2 and pharmacodynamic study of oral forodesine in patients with advanced, fludarabine-treated chronic lymphocytic leukemia","volume":"116","author":"Balakrishnan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib18","first-page":"2743","article-title":"Intravenous forodesine (bcx-1777), a novel purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) inhibitor, demonstrates clinical activity in phase I\/II studies in patients with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"104","author":"Furman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Blood (ASH Annual Meeting Abstracts)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1290","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2012.02287.x","article-title":"Phase I study of BCX1777 (forodesine) in patients with relapsed or refractory peripheral T\/natural killer-cell malignancies","volume":"103","author":"Ogura","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Sci"},{"issue":"6 suppl 5","key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S21","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminoncol.2007.11.006","article-title":"Mycosis fungoides: pathophysiology and emerging therapies","volume":"34","author":"Duvic","year":"2007","journal-title":"Semin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2184","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-02-337840","article-title":"In\u00a0vitro efficacy of forodesine and nelarabine (ara-G) in pediatric leukemia","volume":"118","author":"Homminga","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2007.14.1986","article-title":"Phase I trial of nelarabine in indolent leukemias","volume":"26","author":"Gandhi","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2402388","article-title":"Real-time quantitative PCR assays for deoxycytidine kinase, deoxyguanosine kinase and 5'-nucleotidase mRNA measurement in cell lines and in patients with leukemia","volume":"16","author":"Mansson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0162-3109(98)00012-5","article-title":"Effects of a novel purine nucleoside phosphorylase inhibitor, BCX-34, on activation and proliferation of normal human lymphoid cells","volume":"40","author":"Conry","year":"1998","journal-title":"Immunopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(89)90420-X","article-title":"Enzymatic assay for deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates using synthetic oligonucleotides as template primers","volume":"180","author":"Sherman","year":"1989","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1286","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199511093331912","article-title":"Childhood leukemias","volume":"333","author":"Landrigan","year":"1995","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4243","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V90.11.4243","article-title":"Fifty years of studies of the biology and therapy of childhood leukemia","volume":"90","author":"Kersey","year":"1997","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V78.5.1166.1166","article-title":"Six-year experience with a comprehensive approach to the treatment of recurrent childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL-REZ BFM 85). A relapse study of the BFM group","volume":"78","author":"Henze","year":"1991","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V81.3.602.602","article-title":"Treatment of late bone marrow relapse in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a Pediatric Oncology Group study","volume":"81","author":"Sadowitz","year":"1993","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-008-0070-3","article-title":"Relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia: current status and future opportunities","volume":"10","author":"Harned","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Oncol Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3247","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V86.8.3247.3247","article-title":"Unrelated donor marrow transplantation in children","volume":"86","author":"Balduzzi","year":"1995","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib32","first-page":"415","article-title":"Bone marrow transplantation for primary refractory acute leukaemia","volume":"14","author":"Mehta","year":"1994","journal-title":"Bone Marrow Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4226","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V89.11.4226","article-title":"Transplantation of marrow cells from unrelated donors for treatment of high-risk acute leukemia: the effect of leukemic burden, donor HLA-matching, and marrow cell dose","volume":"89","author":"Sierra","year":"1997","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1668","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.leu.2402552","article-title":"Minimal residual disease (MRD) status prior to allogeneic stem cell transplantation is a powerful predictor for post-transplant outcome in children with ALL","volume":"16","author":"Bader","year":"2002","journal-title":"Leukemia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4072","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V92.11.4072","article-title":"Minimal residual disease status before allogeneic bone marrow transplantation is an important determinant of successful outcome for children and adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"92","author":"Knechtli","year":"1998","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.17.6065","article-title":"Prognostic value of minimal residual disease quantification before allogeneic stem-cell transplantation in relapsed childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia: the ALL-REZ BFM Study Group","volume":"27","author":"Bader","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131895","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/131895","article-title":"The effects of forodesine in murine and human multiple myeloma cells","volume":"2010","author":"Bieghs","year":"2010","journal-title":"Adv Hematol"}],"container-title":["Clinical Lymphoma Myeloma and Leukemia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2152265013001432?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2152265013001432?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T00:24:41Z","timestamp":1761870281000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2152265013001432"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]}},"alternative-id":["S2152265013001432"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["2152-2650"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2152-2650","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Preclinical and Clinical Evaluation of Forodesine in Pediatric and Adult B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Lymphoma Myeloma and Leukemia","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clml.2013.04.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}