{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T19:56:33Z","timestamp":1783972593129,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,1]],"date-time":"2019-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559347200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,1]],"date-time":"2019-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559347200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Norwegian Extra Foundation"},{"name":"Norwegian Coeliac Association"},{"name":"Throne Holst Foundation"},{"name":"Wedel Jarlsberg Foundation"},{"name":"Freia Foundation"},{"name":"K.G. Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research Centre"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005366","name":"University of Oslo","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005366","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalnutritionespen.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Nutrition ESPEN"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,11]],"date-time":"2019-03-11T18:34:34Z","timestamp":1552329274000},"page":"88-94","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Dietary and symptom assessment in adults with self-reported non-coeliac gluten sensitivity"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Gry I.","family":"Skodje","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingunn H.","family":"Minelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kjersti L.","family":"Rolfsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Iacovou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Knut E.A.","family":"Lundin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marit B.","family":"Veier\u00f8d","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Henriksen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2011-301346","article-title":"The Oslo definitions for coeliac disease and related terms","volume":"62","author":"Ludvigsson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.3109\/00365521.2013.809598","article-title":"Prevalence of gluten-free diet adherence among individuals without celiac disease in the USA: results from the Continuous National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009\u20132010","volume":"48","author":"DiGiacomo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-10-13","article-title":"Spectrum of gluten-related disorders: consensus on new nomenclature and classification","volume":"10","author":"Sapone","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib4","first-page":"8837","article-title":"Irritable bowel syndrome and food interaction","volume":"20","author":"Cuomo","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1159\/000371476","article-title":"Wheat amylase trypsin inhibitors as nutritional activators of innate immunity","volume":"33","author":"Schuppan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dig Dis (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"issue":"Suppl.\u00a01","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.13705","article-title":"Non-coeliac gluten sensitivity","volume":"32","author":"Gibson","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4966","DOI":"10.3390\/nu7064966","article-title":"Diagnosis of non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS): the salerno experts","volume":"7","author":"Catassi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Criteria Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib8","series-title":"Nordic nutrition recommendations 2012","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2015.04.006","article-title":"Non-celiac gluten sensitivity: a work-in-progress entity in the spectrum of wheat-related disorders","volume":"29","author":"Volta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2015.11.017","article-title":"Diet adherence and gluten exposure in coeliac disease and self-reported non-coeliac gluten sensitivity","volume":"36","author":"Lovik","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Nutr (Edinburgh, Scotland)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib11","series-title":"Helsedirektoratet. Development of Norwegian diet, Norwegian directorate of health","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1007\/s11130-014-0410-4","article-title":"Nutritional differences between a gluten-free diet and a diet containing equivalent products with gluten","volume":"69","author":"Miranda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Plant Foods Human Nutr (Dordrecht, Netherlands)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib13","first-page":"63","article-title":"Alterations in diets of patients with nonceliac gluten sensitivity compared with healthy individuals","volume":"15","author":"Zingone","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol \u2013 Offic Clin Pract J Am Gastroenterol Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-014-0230-2","article-title":"Risk of low bone mineral density and low body mass index in patients with non-celiac wheat-sensitivity: a prospective observation study","volume":"12","author":"Carroccio","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib15","first-page":"504","article-title":"Characterization of adults with a self-diagnosis of nonceliac gluten sensitivity","volume":"29","author":"Biesiekierski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nutr Clin Pract \u2013 Offic Publ Am Soc Parenter Enteral Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-013-2981-6","article-title":"Characteristics of patients who avoid wheat and\/or gluten in the absence of Celiac disease","volume":"59","author":"Tavakkoli","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu8110714","article-title":"Prevalence and characterization of self-reported gluten sensitivity in The Netherlands","volume":"8","author":"van Gils","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2017.10.040","article-title":"Fructan, rather than gluten, induces symptoms in patients with self-reported non-celiac gluten sensitivity","volume":"154","author":"Skodje","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib19","series-title":"BMI classification. Global database on body mass index","author":"WHO","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib20","first-page":"530","article-title":"A\u00a0simple validated gluten-free diet adherence survey for adults with celiac disease","volume":"7","author":"Leffler","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol \u2013 Offic Clin Pract J Am Gastroenterol Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.04.051","article-title":"No effects of gluten in patients with self-reported non-celiac gluten sensitivity after dietary reduction of fermentable, poorly absorbed, short-chain carbohydrates","volume":"145","author":"Biesiekierski","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520310004209","article-title":"An irritable bowel syndrome-specific symptom questionnaire: development and validation","volume":"38","author":"Wiklund","year":"2003","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.21337\/0005","article-title":"M\u00e5legenskaper ved den norske versjonen av Beck Depression Inventory 2 utgave (BDI II)","volume":"1","author":"Siqveland","year":"2011","journal-title":"PsykTestBarn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib24","series-title":"NORKOST 3 En landsomfattende kostholdsunders\u00f8kelse blant menn og kvinner i Norge i alderen 18\u201370 \u00e5r, 2010\u201311","author":"Totland","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib25","first-page":"14","article-title":"First all-Germany standardization of the brief form of the Gissen Complaints Questionnaire GBB-24","volume":"50","author":"Brahler","year":"2000","journal-title":"Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1177\/14034948980260040401","article-title":"Short form 36 (SF-36) health survey: normative data from the general Norwegian population","volume":"26","author":"Loge","year":"1998","journal-title":"Scand J Soc Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib27","first-page":"1201","article-title":"Norwegian reference values for the Short-Form Health Survey 36: development over time","volume":"27","author":"Jacobsen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Qual Life Res \u2013 Int J Qual Life Aspects Treat Care Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib28","series-title":"Recommendations for diet, nutrition and physical activity","first-page":"28","author":"Helsedirektoratet","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib29","series-title":"Torgersen vollrath MEM overweight and obesity in Norway","author":"B\u00f8hler","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3975","DOI":"10.3390\/nu5103975","article-title":"Vitamin and mineral deficiencies are highly prevalent in newly diagnosed celiac disease patients","volume":"5","author":"Wierdsma","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib31","first-page":"1333","article-title":"Evidence of poor vitamin status in coeliac patients on a gluten-free diet for 10 years","volume":"16","author":"Hallert","year":"2002","journal-title":"AlimentPharmacolTher"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1898","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2012.236","article-title":"Non-celiac wheat sensitivity diagnosed by double-blind placebo-controlled challenge: exploring a new clinical entity","volume":"107","author":"Carroccio","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-12-85","article-title":"An Italian prospective multicenter survey on patients suspected of having non-celiac gluten sensitivity","volume":"12","author":"Volta","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.115.120873","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency in Europe: pandemic?","volume":"103","author":"Cashman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"Suppl.\u00a01","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.13698","article-title":"FODMAPs: food composition, defining cutoff values and international application","volume":"32","author":"Varney","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2017.06.010","article-title":"A\u00a0diet low in FODMAPs reduces symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and A probiotic restores bifidobacterium species: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"153","author":"Staudacher","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"770","DOI":"10.3109\/00365521.2012.679685","article-title":"Absence of somatization in non-coeliac gluten sensitivity","volume":"47","author":"Brottveit","year":"2012","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1080\/00365520119754","article-title":"Anxiety but not depression decreases in coeliac patients after one-year gluten-free diet: a longitudinal study","volume":"36","author":"Addolorato","year":"2001","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1031","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2010.04432.x","article-title":"The quality of sleep in patients with coeliac disease","volume":"32","author":"Zingone","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2002.01290.x","article-title":"Health-related quality of life among persons with irritable bowel syndrome: a systematic review","volume":"16","author":"El-Serag","year":"2002","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Therapeut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/S0399-8320(04)94834-8","article-title":"Relationship between severity of symptoms and quality of life in 858 patients with irritable bowel syndrome","volume":"28","author":"Coffin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-014-0502-z","article-title":"Anxiety and depression comorbidities in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"264","author":"Fond","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1080\/00365521.2016.1244705","article-title":"Wheat challenge in self-reported gluten sensitivity: a comparison of scoring methods","volume":"52","author":"Skodje","year":"2017","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["Clinical Nutrition ESPEN"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2405457719300245?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2405457719300245?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T06:55:09Z","timestamp":1762498509000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2405457719300245"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"references-count":43,"alternative-id":["S2405457719300245"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["2405-4577"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2405-4577","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Dietary and symptom assessment in adults with self-reported non-coeliac gluten sensitivity","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Nutrition ESPEN","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnesp.2019.02.012","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}