{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T17:14:57Z","timestamp":1786986897669,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]],"date-time":"2024-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727222400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com","clinicalnutritionespen.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Nutrition ESPEN"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]],"date-time":"2024-09-25T21:53:55Z","timestamp":1727301235000},"page":"93-99","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Low visceral fat volume and hypoalbuminemia as prognostic markers in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 during the omicron variant epidemic"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Shin","family":"Nakayama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshitaka","family":"Wakabayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyotaro","family":"Kawase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ai","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2350-2922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takatoshi","family":"Kitazawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001017","article-title":"A\u00a0novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019","volume":"382","author":"Zhu","year":"2020","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.24868","article-title":"Characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized patients in South Africa during the COVID-19 omicron wave compared with previous waves","volume":"327","author":"Maslo","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2020.154378","article-title":"Obesity in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"113","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2021.04.001","article-title":"Visceral adiposity, subcutaneous adiposity, and severe coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19): systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"43","author":"Pranata","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Nutr ESPEN"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17384","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-22145-9","article-title":"Characteristics of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection during successive waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in a reference hospital in Spain","volume":"12","author":"Iftimie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.3109\/07853890.2010.526138","article-title":"Absolute value of visceral fat area measured on computed tomography scans and obesity-related cardiovascular risk factors in large-scale Japanese general population (the VACATION-J study)","volume":"44","author":"Hiuge-Shimizu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2040","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.22971","article-title":"Visceral adiposity and high intramuscular fat deposition independently predict critical illness in patients with SARS-CoV-2","volume":"28","author":"Yang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2152","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26003","article-title":"Hypoalbuminemia predicts the outcome of COVID-19 independent of age and co-morbidity","volume":"92","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Med Virol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.4103\/ijpvm.ijpvm_369_21","article-title":"Is there any link between hyperphosphatemia, hypoalbuminemia, and hypocalcemia with hospital outcomes in COVID-19 patients?","volume":"14","author":"Rezaeifar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Prev Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2021.10.013","article-title":"Fatty liver on computed tomography scan on admission is a risk factor for severe coronavirus disease","volume":"28","author":"Okuhama","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect Chemother"},{"issue":"1144","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20220869","article-title":"Visceral to subcutaneous fat ratio predicts short-term mortality in patients with Covid 19. A multicenter study","volume":"96","author":"Surov","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2021-052777","article-title":"Diabetes, hypertension, body mass index, smoking and COVID-19-related mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"11","author":"Mahamat-Saleh","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0250321","article-title":"CT-based determination of excessive visceral adipose tissue is associated with an impaired survival in critically ill patients","volume":"16","author":"Wirtz","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2012.05.011","article-title":"Adipose tissue-resident immune cells: key players in immunometabolism","volume":"23","author":"Schipper","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metabol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib17","article-title":"Innate immunity orchestrates adipose tissue homeostasis","volume":"31","author":"Lin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Horm Mol Biol Clin Invest"},{"issue":"21","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232113128","article-title":"Insights behind the relationship between colorectal cancer and obesity: is visceral adipose tissue the missing link?","volume":"23","author":"Chaplin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-008-0062-1","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors and infection complications","volume":"10","author":"Crawford","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Rheumatol Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-021-00624-w","article-title":"The interplay of immunology and cachexia in infection and cancer","volume":"22","author":"Baazim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2018.07.011","article-title":"Obesity paradox in aging: from prevalence to pathophysiology","volume":"61","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1007\/s10238-021-00686-z","article-title":"Serum albumin concentrations are associated with disease severity and outcomes in coronavirus 19 disease (COVID-19): a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Paliogiannis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Exp Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.3390\/idr14030034","article-title":"The impact of serum albumin levels on COVID-19 mortality","volume":"14","author":"Zerbato","year":"2022","journal-title":"Infect Dis Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2021.07.003","article-title":"Prognostic properties of hypoalbuminemia in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and diagnostic meta-analysis","volume":"45","author":"Soetedjo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Nutr ESPEN"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1002\/ncp.10588","article-title":"The use of visceral proteins as nutrition markers: an ASPEN position paper","volume":"36","author":"Evans","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutr Clin Pract"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib26","first-page":"2945","article-title":"Comparative study of cytokine storm treatment in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia using immunomodulators","volume":"11","author":"Marc","year":"2022","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2015.02.009","article-title":"Serum albumin and health in older people: review and meta analysis","volume":"81","author":"Cabrerizo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib28","article-title":"Prediction models for diagnosis and prognosis of covid-19: systematic review and critical appraisal","volume":"369","author":"Wynants","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.11098","article-title":"COVID-19 mortality by race and ethnicity in US metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas, March 2020 to February 2022","volume":"6","author":"Lundberg","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mpmed.2023.10.007","article-title":"Fatality rates after infection with the omicron variant (B.1.1.529): how deadly has it been? A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Ahmad","year":"2024","journal-title":"J\u00a0Acute Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2398","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-02051-3","article-title":"Acute and postacute sequelae associated with SARS-CoV-2 reinfection","volume":"28","author":"Bowe","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.3390\/v15040967","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 reinfection and severity of the disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Nguyen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3335","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20043335","article-title":"Severity and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection compared with primary infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Deng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Publ Health"}],"container-title":["Clinical Nutrition ESPEN"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2405457724013214?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2405457724013214?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,2]],"date-time":"2024-12-02T07:43:53Z","timestamp":1733125433000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2405457724013214"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"references-count":31,"alternative-id":["S2405457724013214"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016","relation":{},"ISSN":["2405-4577"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2405-4577","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Low visceral fat volume and hypoalbuminemia as prognostic markers in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 during the omicron variant epidemic","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Nutrition ESPEN","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnesp.2024.09.016","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}