{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T08:55:05Z","timestamp":1790153705844,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740355200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000833","name":"Rosetrees","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000833","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009128","name":"National Institute for Health Research Research for Patient Benefit","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIHR205332"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR205332"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009128","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com","clinicalnutritionespen.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Nutrition ESPEN"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,22]],"date-time":"2025-02-22T07:07:33Z","timestamp":1740208053000},"page":"465-473","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Barriers and facilitators to starting and staying on ketogenic diet therapy for children with epilepsy: A scoping review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Humzah","family":"Hameed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4162-3664","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lenycia de Cassya","family":"Lopes Neri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natasha","family":"Schoeler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019-2623","article-title":"Global burden of childhood epilepsy, intellectual disability, and sensory impairments","volume":"146","author":"Olusanya","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2179","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.14596","article-title":"The epidemiology of drug-resistant epilepsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"59","author":"Kalilani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13441","article-title":"Correlates of health-related quality of life in children with drug resistant epilepsy","volume":"57","author":"Conway","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13015","article-title":"The health, education, and social care costs of school-aged children with active epilepsy: a population-based study","volume":"56","author":"Hunter","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1002\/epi4.12319","article-title":"Seizure burden in severe early-life epilepsy: perspectives from parents","volume":"4","author":"Berg","year":"2019","journal-title":"Epilepsia Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1002\/epi4.12225","article-title":"Optimal clinical management of children receiving dietary therapies for epilepsy: updated recommendations of the International Ketogenic Diet Study Group","volume":"3","author":"Kossoff","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epilepsia Open"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2008.01870.x","article-title":"A\u00a0randomized trial of classical and medium-chain triglyceride ketogenic diets in the treatment of childhood epilepsy","volume":"50","author":"Neal","year":"2009","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2008.01580_6.x","article-title":"The modified Atkins diet: a potential treatment for developing countries","volume":"49","author":"Kossoff","year":"2008","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1111\/jhn.12637","article-title":"Understanding the core principles of a \u201cmodified ketogenic diet\u201d: a UK and Ireland perspective","volume":"32","author":"Martin-McGill","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hum Nutr Diet"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib10","article-title":"Ketogenic diets for drug-resistant epilepsy","volume":"6","author":"Martin-McGill","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"Suppl 8","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2008.01832.x","article-title":"Low glycemic index treatment: implementation and new insights into efficacy","volume":"49","author":"Pfeifer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-6-42","article-title":"West. The behaviour change wheel: a new method for characterising and designing behaviour change interventions","volume":"6","author":"Michie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1111\/bjhp.12417","article-title":"Acceptability, reliability, and validity of a brief measure of capabilities, opportunities, and motivations (\u201cCOM-B\u201d)","volume":"25","author":"Keyworth","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Health Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib14","series-title":"JBI manual for evidence synthesis","year":"2024"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-016-0384-4","article-title":"Rayyan-a web and mobile app for systematic reviews","volume":"5","author":"Ouzzani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Syst Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1713908","article-title":"Social and economic challenges to implementing the ketogenic diet: a case series","volume":"10","author":"Lynch","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Epilepsy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.03.023","article-title":"Telemedicine- versus outpatient-based initiation and management of ketogenic diet therapy in children with drug-resistant epilepsy during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"98","author":"Armeno","year":"2022","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib18","article-title":"Considerations for continuing diet therapy in patients with epilepsy during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review","volume":"16","author":"Kuroda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/cdn\/nzy079","article-title":"A\u00a0systematic review of the quality of life for families supporting a child consuming the ketogenic diet for seizure reduction","volume":"3","author":"Poelzer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Dev Nutr"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1097\/01376517-200112000-00002","article-title":"Reasons for failure of the ketogenic diet","volume":"33","author":"Lightstone","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurosci Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2014.07.020","article-title":"Assessing parents' attitudes towards ketogenic dietary therapies","volume":"39","author":"Schoeler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12092616","article-title":"Therapeutic use of the ketogenic diet in refractory epilepsy: what we know and what still needs to be learned","volume":"12","author":"Zarnowska","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12061833","article-title":"Use of remote monitoring by E-mail for long-term management of the classic ketogenic diet","volume":"12","author":"Ferraris","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.17513","article-title":"A\u00a0core outcome set for childhood epilepsy treated with ketogenic diet therapy (CORE-KDT study): international parent and health professional consensus","volume":"64","author":"Carroll","year":"2023","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1684\/epd.2021.1389","article-title":"Efficacy and tolerability of the modified Atkins diet in children with drug-resistant genetic generalized epilepsy","volume":"24","author":"Kacker","year":"2022","journal-title":"Epileptic Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1590\/S1415-52732003000200007","article-title":"Dieta cetog\u00eanica no tratamento das epilepsias graves da inf\u00e2ncia: percep\u00e7\u00e3o das m\u00e3es","volume":"16","author":"Tom\u00e9","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rev Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2020.11.012","article-title":"Barriers to implementation of dietary therapy for pediatric epilepsy in resource-limited countries: Ethiopian experience","volume":"117","author":"Fedak Romanowski","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15041058","article-title":"The ketogenic diet in children with epilepsy: a focus on parental stress and family compliance","volume":"15","author":"Operto","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcab160","article-title":"Vita: a feasibility study of a blend of medium chain triglycerides to manage drug-resistant epilepsy","volume":"3","author":"Schoeler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Commun"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.26815\/acn.2022.00094","article-title":"A\u00a0mixed-lipid diet (Medium-Chain and long-chain triglycerides) for better tolerability and efficiency in pediatric epilepsy patients","volume":"30","author":"Yu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Child Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2018.03.020","article-title":"A\u00a0pragmatic study on efficacy, tolerability and long term acceptance of ketogenic diet therapy in 74 South Indian children with pharmacoresistant epilepsy","volume":"58","author":"Baby","year":"2018","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073812459902","article-title":"Epilepsy characteristics and psychosocial factors associated with ketogenic diet success","volume":"28","author":"McNamara","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Neurol"},{"issue":"SUPPL 3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib33","first-page":"178","article-title":"Feasibility and acceptability of a modified ketogenic diet for children with drug resistant epilepsy; A qualitative study","volume":"62","author":"Samia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(08)70092-9","article-title":"The ketogenic diet for the treatment of childhood epilepsy: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"7","author":"Neal","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2021.05.001","article-title":"Efficacy and tolerability of a whey-based, medium-chain triglyceride-enhanced ketogenic formula in children with refractory epilepsy: a retrospective study","volume":"91","author":"Wheeler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.54614\/ArchEpilepsy.2022.71602","article-title":"Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey. Evaluation of the knowledge level, practice and attitudes of the caregivers on ketogenic diet management","volume":"28","author":"Bayram","year":"2022","journal-title":"ArchEpilepsy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2017.01.007","article-title":"Complications during ketogenic diet initiation: prevalence, treatment, and influence on seizure outcomes","volume":"68","author":"Lin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2018.09.002","article-title":"Use of cooking oils in a 2:1 ratio classical ketogenic diet for intractable pediatric epilepsy: long-term effectiveness and tolerability","volume":"147","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2021.106803","article-title":"Caregiver perspectives on dietary therapies for epilepsy","volume":"178","author":"Sarlo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0013-9580.2005.48504.x","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of the ketogenic diet for intractable childhood epilepsy: Korean multicentric experience","volume":"46","author":"Kang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13082484","article-title":"Keto-on-the-Clock: a survey of dietetic care contact time taken to provide ketogenic diets for drug-resistant epilepsy in the UK","volume":"13","author":"Lambert","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib42","first-page":"235","article-title":"Ketogenic diet - update and application","volume":"11","author":"Bahassan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurosciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/s42494-021-00076-8","article-title":"Efficacy and tolerability of ketogenic diet therapy in 55 Chinese children with drug-resistant epilepsy in Northwest China","volume":"4","author":"Dou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Epileptologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2020.106307","article-title":"Not your parents' ketogenic diet - flexibility in 2020","volume":"162","author":"Blackford","year":"2020","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1007\/s12519-017-0053-2","article-title":"Safety and tolerability of the ketogenic diet used for the treatment of refractory childhood epilepsy: a systematic review of published prospective studies","volume":"13","author":"Cai","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2020.107181","article-title":"Ketogenic diet therapy provision in the COVID-19 pandemic: dual-center experience and recommendations","volume":"111","author":"Kossoff","year":"2020","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2019.06.001","article-title":"Outpatient initiation of the ketogenic diet in children with pharmacoresistant epilepsy: an effectiveness, safety and economic perspective","volume":"23","author":"van der Louw","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Paediatr Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2014.12.018","article-title":"Ten-year single-center experience of the ketogenic diet: factors influencing efficacy, tolerability, and compliance","volume":"166","author":"Wibisono","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1177\/08830738241227066","article-title":"Ketogenic diet: parental experiences and expectations","volume":"39","author":"Orr","year":"2024","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9566.12330","article-title":"Diet and identity: being a good parent in the face of contradictions presented by the ketogenic diet","volume":"38","author":"Webster","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sociol Health Illness"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-1211(01)00315-1","article-title":"The ketogenic diet in children, adolescents and young adults with refractory epilepsy: an Italian multicentric experience","volume":"48","author":"Coppola","year":"2002","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2006.00439.x","article-title":"The outcome of children with intractable seizures: a 3- to 6-year follow-up of 67 children who remained on the ketogenic diet less than one year","volume":"47","author":"Marsh","year":"2006","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2022.04.015","article-title":"Clinical implementation of ketogenic diet in children with drug-resistant epilepsy: advantages, disadvantages, and difficulties","volume":"99","author":"Tong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1942-2447","article-title":"Efficacy, retention rate, and influencing factors of ketogenic diet therapy in children with refractory epilepsy: a retrospective study","volume":"54","author":"Shen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuropediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.24953\/turkjped.2021.05.001","article-title":"Ketogenic diet therapy map of Turkey study group. Ketogenic diet therapy map of Turkey","volume":"63","author":"Serdaro\u011flu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Turk J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2018.03.005","article-title":"Ketogenic diet use in children with intractable epilepsy secondary to malformations of cortical development: a two- centre experience","volume":"57","author":"Pasca","year":"2018","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1155717","article-title":"Case report: KETOLAND the psychoeducation program for ketogenic diet","volume":"14","author":"Zanaboni","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Psychiatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebcr.2018.11.001","article-title":"Implementation of ketogenic diet in children with drug-resistant epilepsy in a medium resources setting: Egyptian experience","volume":"11","author":"Gerges","year":"2019","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav Case Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2021.108362","article-title":"Qualitative exploration of feasibility and acceptability of the modified Atkins diet therapy for children with drug resistant epilepsy in Kenya","volume":"125","author":"Samia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1590\/0004-282x20170028","article-title":"The use of a formula-based ketogenic diet in children with refractory epilepsy","volume":"75","author":"Sampaio","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2016.07.009","article-title":"Ketogenic diet guidelines for infants with refractory epilepsy","volume":"20","author":"van der Louw","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Paediatr Neurol"},{"issue":"Pt A","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib62","article-title":"No improvement in quality of life in children with epilepsy treated with the low glycemic index diet","volume":"104","author":"Boles","year":"2020","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14091744","article-title":"Effects of classic ketogenic diet in children with refractory epilepsy: a retrospective cohort study in kingdom of Bahrain","volume":"14","author":"Perna","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2016.11.008","article-title":"Treatment issues for children with epilepsy transitioning to adult care","volume":"69","author":"Nabbout","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073820938587","article-title":"Pediatric to adult transitions of ketogenic dietary therapy for epilepsy","volume":"35","author":"Seaborg","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Neurol"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073819866607","article-title":"Benefits of a ketogenic teaching kitchen","volume":"34","author":"Fenton","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Neurol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-1001","article-title":"Benefits of the nonfasting ketogenic diet compared with the initial fasting ketogenic diet","volume":"114","author":"Dong","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1810","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000187071.24292.9e","article-title":"Low-glycemic-index treatment: a liberalized ketogenic diet for treatment of intractable epilepsy","volume":"65","author":"Pfeifer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.20344\/amp.12184","article-title":"Ketogenic diet for refractory childhood epilepsy: beyond seizures control, the experience of a Portuguese pediatric centre","volume":"32","author":"Rom\u00e3o","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Med Port"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2021.11.008","article-title":"Evaluation of the seizure control and the tolerability of ketogenic diet in Chinese children with structural drug-resistant epilepsy","volume":"94","author":"Dou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.4274\/tnd.71473","article-title":"The effect of ketogenic diet treatment in drug-resistant epilepsies of childhood","volume":"24","author":"\u00d6zata","year":"2018","journal-title":"tnd"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8223(98)00074-1","article-title":"The ketogenic diet: a practical guide for caregivers","volume":"98","author":"Carroll","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Diet Assoc"},{"issue":"Suppl 8","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2008.01834.x","article-title":"Cultural challenges in using the ketogenic diet in Asian countries","volume":"49","author":"Seo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib74","first-page":"465","article-title":"An interdisciplinary team approach to implementing the ketogenic diet for the treatment of seizures","volume":"23","author":"Batchelor","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatr Nurs"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13041240","article-title":"Evaluation of E-health applications for paediatric patients with refractory epilepsy and maintained on ketogenic diet","volume":"13","author":"Costa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib76","first-page":"1144","article-title":"Tratamiento de la epilepsia refractaria. Comparaci\u00f3n entre la dieta cetog\u00e9nica cl\u00e1sica y la de Atkins modificada en cuanto a eficacia, adherencia y efectos indeseables","volume":"38","author":"Cabrera","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutr Hosp"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eplepsyres.2021.106574","article-title":"Efficacy of low glycemic index diet therapy (LGIT) in children aged 2-8 years with drug-resistant epilepsy: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"171","author":"Lakshminarayanan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Epilepsy Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2016.10.001","article-title":"Changes in quality of life as a result of ketogenic diet therapy: a new approach to assessment with the potential for positive therapeutic effects","volume":"66","author":"Bruce","year":"2017","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2007.04.005","article-title":"Children with seizures exhibit preferences for foods compatible with the ketogenic diet","volume":"11","author":"Amari","year":"2007","journal-title":"Epilepsy Behav"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib80","first-page":"119","article-title":"Psychosocial aspects of nutritional support","volume":"18","author":"Bayer","year":"1983","journal-title":"Nurs Clin"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1027\/1016-9040\/a000353","article-title":"Supporting adherence to medicines for long-term conditions","volume":"24","author":"Horne","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Psychol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1398","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.13097","article-title":"Applying a perceptions and practicalities approach to understanding nonadherence to antiepileptic drugs","volume":"56","author":"Chapman","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.2147\/PPA.S285442","article-title":"Exploring barriers to medication adherence using COM-B model of behaviour among patients with cardiovascular diseases in low- and middle-income countries: a qualitative study","volume":"15","author":"Mishra","year":"2021","journal-title":"Patient Prefer Adherence"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.28216","article-title":"Applying the COM-B model to patient-reported barriers to medication adherence in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia","volume":"67","author":"Heneghan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afad145","article-title":"Factors that influence older adults' participation in physical activity: a systematic review of qualitative studies","volume":"52","author":"Meredith","year":"2023","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-024-05362-x","article-title":"Physical activity from the perspective of older adults: a convergent mixed-method study","volume":"24","author":"Nilstomt","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib87","series-title":"Behaviour change: individual approaches [Internet]","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2024.04.024","article-title":"Drug-resistant epilepsy and ketogenic diet therapy - a qualitative study of families' experiences","volume":"118","author":"Carroll","year":"2024","journal-title":"Seizure"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2024.03.009","article-title":"Adherence to ketogenic dietary therapies in epilepsy: a systematic review of literature","volume":"126","author":"Lopes Neri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutr Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-1755343","article-title":"Validation of ketogenic diet adherence questionnaire: keto-check","volume":"80","author":"Neri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib91","first-page":"1","article-title":"Development and psychometric evaluation of the ketogenic diet management scale for children with epilepsy-parent form","volume":"21","author":"Ayar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Child Health Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib92","series-title":"Validation of an Italian questionnaire of adherence to the ketogenic dietary therapies: iKetoCheck","author":"Neri","year":"2023"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15173673","article-title":"Factor analysis of the Brazilian questionnaire on adherence to ketogenic dietary therapy: keto-check","volume":"15","author":"Lopes Neri","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020_bib94","article-title":"Validation of an Italian questionnaire of adherence to the ketogenic dietary therapies: iKetoCheck","volume":"12","author":"Lopes","year":"2023","journal-title":"Foods"}],"container-title":["Clinical Nutrition ESPEN"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S240545772500083X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S240545772500083X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,14]],"date-time":"2025-03-14T13:13:41Z","timestamp":1741958021000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S240545772500083X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"references-count":94,"alternative-id":["S240545772500083X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["2405-4577"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2405-4577","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Barriers and facilitators to starting and staying on ketogenic diet therapy for children with epilepsy: A scoping review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Nutrition ESPEN","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnesp.2025.02.020","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}