{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T14:54:06Z","timestamp":1791298446538,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,10,6]],"date-time":"2027-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1822780800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":309,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalnutritionespen.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Nutrition ESPEN"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T16:29:03Z","timestamp":1790699343000},"page":"105138","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Dietary variety as a potential modifier of multidomain intervention effects on gait speed in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A secondary analysis of the J-MINT trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"76","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4165-0267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masato","family":"Ogawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taiki","family":"Sugimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Sakurai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hidenori","family":"Arai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1159\/000534679","article-title":"Dietary patterns and healthy or unhealthy aging","volume":"70","author":"Dominguez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gerontology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-016-0726-x","article-title":"Dietary variety and decline in lean mass and physical performance in community-dwelling older Japanese: a 4-year Follow-Up study","volume":"21","author":"Yokoyama","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15051145","article-title":"Low dietary variety is associated with incident frailty in older adults during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: a prospective cohort study in Japan","volume":"15","author":"Yokoro","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.12817","article-title":"Dietary diversity decreases the risk of cognitive decline among Japanese older adults","volume":"17","author":"Otsuka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3918","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13838","article-title":"Japan-multimodal intervention trial for the prevention of dementia: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"20","author":"Sakurai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Alzheimer's Dement"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60461-5","article-title":"A 2 year multidomain intervention of diet, exercise, cognitive training, and vascular risk monitoring versus control to prevent cognitive decline in at-risk elderly people (FINGER): a randomised controlled trial","volume":"385","author":"Ngandu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30040-6","article-title":"Effect of long-term omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation with or without multidomain intervention on cognitive function in elderly adults with memory complaints (MAPT): a randomised, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"16","author":"Andrieu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2017.4365","article-title":"Effect of the apolipoprotein E genotype on cognitive change during a multidomain lifestyle intervention: a subgroup analysis of a randomized clinical trial","volume":"75","author":"Solomon","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2017.09.006","article-title":"Multidomain lifestyle intervention benefits a large elderly population at risk for cognitive decline and dementia regardless of baseline characteristics: the FINGER trial","volume":"14","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Alzheimer's Dement"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70822","article-title":"Efficacy of a multidomain intervention in older adults with vascular risks: the japan-multimodal intervention trial for the prevention of dementia (J-MINT)","volume":"21","author":"Sugimoto","year":"2025","journal-title":"Alzheimer's Dement"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1923","article-title":"Gait speed and survival in older adults","volume":"305","author":"Studenski","year":"2011","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2012.04167.x","article-title":"Adherence to mediterranean diet and decline in walking speed over 8 years in community-dwelling older adults","volume":"60","author":"Shahar","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2010.11.030","article-title":"Mediterranean diet and mobility decline in older persons","volume":"46","author":"Milaneschi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.14283\/jpad.2021.29","article-title":"The japan-multimodal intervention trial for prevention of dementia (J-MINT): the study protocol for an 18-Month, multicenter, randomized, controlled trial","volume":"8","author":"Sugimoto","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Prev Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib15","first-page":"1117","article-title":"[effects of dietary variety on declines in high-level functional capacity in elderly people living in a community]","volume":"50","author":"Kumagai","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-022-1817-5","article-title":"Interaction of eating status and dietary variety on incident functional disability among older Japanese adults","volume":"26","author":"Hata","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Nutr Health Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.14846","article-title":"Prevalence of oral frailty and its association with dietary variety, social engagement, and physical frailty: results from the oral frailty 5-Item checklist","volume":"24","author":"Iwasaki","year":"2024","journal-title":"Geriatr Gerontol Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2022.11.017","article-title":"Dietary diversity and frailty among older Chinese people: evidence from the Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity study","volume":"117","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-023-01325-3","article-title":"Cognitive impact of multidomain intervention and omega 3 according to blood A\u03b242\/40 ratio: a subgroup analysis from the randomized MAPT trial","volume":"15","author":"Delrieu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-018-0389-4","article-title":"Modifiable dementia risk score to study heterogeneity in treatment effect of a dementia prevention trial: a post hoc analysis in the preDIVA trial using the LIBRA index","volume":"10","author":"van Middelaar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib21","article-title":"Adherence and aerobic exercise intensity in live online exercise sessions for older adults with mild cognitive impairment: insights from the Japan-multimodal intervention trial for the prevention of dementia","volume":"14","author":"Sugimoto","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAR Life"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-025-01955-5","article-title":"Elevated plasma GFAP levels in MCI link APOE \u03b54 allele with impaired gait speed","author":"Sakurai","year":"2025","journal-title":"GeroScience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/2046-2395-3-9","article-title":"It is not just muscle mass: a review of muscle quality, composition and metabolism during ageing as determinants of muscle function and mobility in later life","volume":"3","author":"McGregor","year":"2014","journal-title":"Longev Heal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1498","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.90425.2008","article-title":"Effects of physical activity on strength and skeletal muscle fat infiltration in older adults: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"105","author":"Goodpaster","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000002585","article-title":"Resistance training load effects on muscle hypertrophy and strength gain: systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"53","author":"Lopez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1097\/JES.0b013e318292f3d5","article-title":"Anabolic resistance of muscle protein synthesis with aging","volume":"41","author":"Burd","year":"2013","journal-title":"Exerc Sport Sci Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glu103","article-title":"Protein ingestion to stimulate myofibrillar protein synthesis requires greater relative protein intakes in healthy older versus younger men","volume":"70","author":"Moore","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-097608","article-title":"A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of the effect of protein supplementation on resistance training-induced gains in muscle mass and strength in healthy adults","volume":"52","author":"Morton","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2441","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980023001325","article-title":"Association between social network and dietary variety among community-dwelling older adults","volume":"26","author":"Yokoro","year":"2023","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20210392","article-title":"Combined impacts of physical activity, dietary variety, and social interaction on incident functional disability in older Japanese adults","volume":"33","author":"Seino","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2006.00701.x","article-title":"Meaningful change and responsiveness in common physical performance measures in older adults","volume":"54","author":"Perera","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.14283\/jpad.2021.47","article-title":"The cost-effectiveness of three prevention strategies in alzheimer's disease: results from the multidomain alzheimer preventive trial (MAPT)","volume":"8","author":"Costa","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Prev Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-020-04572-z","article-title":"Effects of high-protein diet combined with exercise to counteract frailty in pre-frail and frail community-dwelling older adults: study protocol for a three-arm randomized controlled trial","volume":"21","author":"Buhl","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trials"}],"container-title":["Clinical Nutrition ESPEN"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2405457726022357?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2405457726022357?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T14:35:55Z","timestamp":1791297355000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2405457726022357"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":33,"alternative-id":["S2405457726022357"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138","relation":{},"ISSN":["2405-4577"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2405-4577","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Dietary variety as a potential modifier of multidomain intervention effects on gait speed in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A secondary analysis of the J-MINT trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Nutrition ESPEN","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnesp.2026.105138","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"105138"}}