{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T11:24:44Z","timestamp":1781522684410,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]],"date-time":"2019-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569888000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]],"date-time":"2019-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569888000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]],"date-time":"2019-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569888000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]],"date-time":"2019-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569888000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]],"date-time":"2019-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569888000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]],"date-time":"2019-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569888000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,1]],"date-time":"2019-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569888000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008990","name":"Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2015C25027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015C25027"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008990","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalnutritionjournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,20]],"date-time":"2018-09-20T06:00:24Z","timestamp":1537423224000},"page":"2016-2022","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Association between fibre intake and indoxyl sulphate\/P-cresyl sulphate in patients with chronic kidney disease: Meta-analysis and systematic review of experimental studies"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Mengyin","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianlei","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinhan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. Marian","family":"Scott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1460-9995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiuyang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib1","first-page":"2088","article-title":"Role of gut-derived protein-bound uremic toxins in cardiorenal syndrome and potential treatment modalities","volume":"79","author":"Lekawanvijit","year":"2015","journal-title":"Circ J Off J Jpn Circ Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib2","first-page":"436","article-title":"Effects of uremic toxins from the gut microbiota on bone: a brief look at chronic kidney disease","volume":"19","author":"Black","year":"2015","journal-title":"Therapeut Apher Dial Off Peer Rev J Int Soc Apher Jpn Soc Apher Jpn Soc Dial Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins6020665","article-title":"Protein-bound uremic toxins: new culprits of cardiovascular events in chronic kidney disease patients","volume":"6","author":"Ito","year":"2014","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1007\/s10157-013-0864-y","article-title":"The role of lipids and uremic toxins in cardiovascular disease in CKD","volume":"18","author":"Massy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Exp Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2014.06.014","article-title":"Cerebro-renal interactions: impact of uremic toxins on cognitive function","volume":"44","author":"Watanabe","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1470","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.112.278457","article-title":"Cardiorenal syndrome: the emerging role of protein-bound uremic toxins","volume":"111","author":"Lekawanvijit","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F52","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00348.2015","article-title":"Protein-bound uremic toxins: a long overlooked culprit in cardiorenal syndrome","volume":"311","author":"Lekawanvijit","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Ren Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1159\/000369817","article-title":"Uremic toxins and their effects on multiple organ systems","volume":"128","author":"Lisowska-Myjak","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nephron Clin Pract"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1159\/000350846","article-title":"Nondialyzable uremic toxins","volume":"35","author":"Piroddi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Blood Purif"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1159\/000381990","article-title":"The gut as a source of inflammation in chronic kidney disease","volume":"130","author":"Lau","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nephron"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1002\/mas.20323","article-title":"Update of uremic toxin research by mass spectrometry","volume":"30","author":"Niwa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mass Spectrom Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2004.00399.x","article-title":"The uremic solutes p-cresol and indoxyl sulfate inhibit endothelial proliferation and wound repair","volume":"65","author":"Dou","year":"2004","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S22","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2010.418","article-title":"Mechanistic connection between inflammation and fibrosis","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2012.01.013","article-title":"Indoxyl sulfate upregulates renal expression of MCP-1 via production of ROS and activation of NF-kappaB, p53, ERK, and JNK in proximal tubular cells","volume":"90","author":"Shimizu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2012.11.012","article-title":"Indoxyl sulfate upregulates renal expression of ICAM-1 via production of ROS and activation of NF-kappaB and p53 in proximal tubular cells","volume":"92","author":"Shimizu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1038\/284283a0","article-title":"Mechanism of action of dietary fibre in the human colon","volume":"284","author":"Stephen","year":"1980","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S12","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2009.402","article-title":"Uremic toxins originating from colonic microbial metabolism","author":"Evenepoel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201200714","article-title":"Uremia and chronic kidney disease: the role of the gut microflora and therapies with pro- and prebiotics","volume":"57","author":"Vitetta","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol Nutr Food Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib19","first-page":"313","article-title":"Oral locust bean gum therapy of uremia \u2013 favorable effect on biological abnormalities and hypertension","volume":"9","author":"Yatzidis","year":"1980","journal-title":"Dial Transplant"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib20","first-page":"159","article-title":"Treatment of chronic renal failure with dietary fiber","volume":"21","author":"Rampton","year":"1984","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2015.03.015","article-title":"Dietary protein-fiber ratio associates with circulating levels of indoxyl sulfate and p-cresyl sulfate in chronic kidney disease patients","volume":"25","author":"Rossi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nutr Metabol Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib22","first-page":"598","article-title":"Dietary fiber intake is associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression and cardiovascular risk, but not protein nutritional status, in adults with CKD","volume":"26","author":"Lu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Asia Pac J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib23","series-title":"Cochrane Handbook for systematic reviews of interventions version 5.1.0 (updated March 2011)","author":"Jpt","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib24","first-page":"e123","article-title":"Preferred reporting Items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement","volume":"3","author":"Moher","year":"2009","journal-title":"Open Med Peer Rev Indepen Open Access J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2014.04.007","article-title":"Effect of short-term synbiotic treatment on plasma p-cresol levels in patients with chronic renal failure: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"24","author":"Guida","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nutr Metabol Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins9020052","article-title":"p-Cresyl Sulfate","volume":"9","author":"Gryp","year":"2017","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-5-13","article-title":"Estimating the mean and variance from the median, range, and the size of a sample","volume":"5","author":"Hozo","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Meth"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.2307\/2533446","article-title":"Operating characteristics of a rank correlation test for publication bias","volume":"50","author":"Begg","year":"1994","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.316.7124.61","article-title":"Bias in location and selection of studies","volume":"316","author":"Egger","year":"1998","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.00490114","article-title":"Effect of increasing dietary fibre on plasma levels of colon-derived solutes in hemodialysis patients","volume":"9","author":"Sirich","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.05240515","article-title":"Synbiotics easing renal failure by improving gut microbiology (SYNERGY): a randomized trial","volume":"11","author":"Rossi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib32","first-page":"219","article-title":"p-Cresyl sulfate serum concentrations in haemodialysis patients are reduced by the prebiotic oligofructose-enriched inulin","volume":"25","author":"Meijers","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant Off Pub Eur Dial Transplant Assoc Eur Renal Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0153893","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0153893","article-title":"The influence of prebiotic arabinoxylan oligosaccharides on microbiota derived uremic retention solutes in patients with chronic kidney disease: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"11","author":"Poesen","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib34","first-page":"9501470","article-title":"Gum Arabic reduces C-reactive protein in chronic kidney disease patients without affecting urea or indoxyl sulfate levels","volume":"6","author":"Elamin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib35","first-page":"316","article-title":"Fiber supplementation lowers plasma p-cresol in chronic kidney disease patients","volume":"25","author":"Salmean","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Ren Nutr Off J Counc Ren Nutr Natl Kidney Found"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-139X.2011.00925.x","article-title":"Vascular incompetence in dialysis patients--protein-bound uremic toxins and endothelial dysfunction","volume":"24","author":"Jourde-Chiche","year":"2011","journal-title":"Semin Dial"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins3070911","article-title":"Protein-bound uremic toxins: new insight from clinical studies","volume":"3","author":"Liabeuf","year":"2011","journal-title":"Toxins"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1159\/000351758","article-title":"Cardiovascular burden associated with uremic toxins in patients with chronic kidney disease","volume":"38","author":"Moradi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib39","first-page":"938","article-title":"p-Cresyl sulphate and indoxyl sulphate predict progression of chronic kidney disease","volume":"26","author":"Wu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant Off Pub Eur Dial Transplant Assoc Eur Ren Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib40","first-page":"111","article-title":"Associations among chronic kidney disease, high total p-cresylsulfate and major adverse cardiac events","volume":"26","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib41","first-page":"396","article-title":"Protein-Bound uremic toxins from gut microbiota and inflammatory markers in chronic kidney disease","volume":"26","author":"Borges","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Ren Nutr Off J Counc Ren Nutr Natl Kidney Found"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2016.03.012","article-title":"Associations among chronic kidney disease, high total p-cresylsulfate and left ventricular systolic dysfunction","volume":"457","author":"Lu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clinica Chimica Acta Int J Clin Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1159\/000245639","article-title":"The gut: the forgotten organ in uremia?","volume":"29","author":"Schepers","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood Purif"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2011.504","article-title":"Uremic solutes from colon microbes","volume":"81","author":"Meyer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13248","article-title":"Review article: dietary fibre-microbiota interactions","volume":"42","author":"Simpson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1159\/000367821","article-title":"IBD: microbiota manipulation through diet and modified bacteria","volume":"32","author":"Simpson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dig Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435268","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/435268","article-title":"Gut microbial flora, prebiotics, and probiotics in IBD: their current usage and utility","volume":"2013","author":"Scaldaferri","year":"2013","journal-title":"BioMed Res Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib48","first-page":"272","article-title":"Dietary fiber and type 2 diabetes","volume":"4","author":"Tabatabai","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Excel Nurse Pract Int J NPACE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2010.512671","article-title":"Dietary roles of non-starch polysaccharides in human nutrition: a review","volume":"52","author":"Kumar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib50","first-page":"920","article-title":"Fiber and starchy foods: gut function and implications in disease","volume":"81","author":"Jenkins","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e114881","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0114881","article-title":"High amylose resistant starch diet ameliorates oxidative stress, inflammation, and progression of chronic kidney disease","volume":"9","author":"Vaziri","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2014.02.013","article-title":"Dietary patterns and risk of death and progression to ESRD in individuals with CKD: a cohort study","volume":"64","author":"Gutierrez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis Off J Natl Kidney Found"}],"container-title":["Clinical Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0261561418324531?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0261561418324531?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T16:59:55Z","timestamp":1762275595000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0261561418324531"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0261561418324531"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015","relation":{},"ISSN":["0261-5614"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0261-5614","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Association between fibre intake and indoxyl sulphate\/P-cresyl sulphate in patients with chronic kidney disease: Meta-analysis and systematic review of experimental studies","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.09.015","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}