{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T13:57:59Z","timestamp":1790776679794,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]],"date-time":"2020-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580515200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,1]],"date-time":"2020-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1580515200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["H29-ICT-Genral-004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H29-ICT-Genral-004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["H29-Policy-Designated-009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H29-Policy-Designated-009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17H04141"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17H04141"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalnutritionjournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,15]],"date-time":"2019-02-15T11:32:45Z","timestamp":1550230365000},"page":"460-467","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Differences in effect of early enteral nutrition on mortality among ventilated adults with shock requiring low-, medium-, and high-dose noradrenaline: A propensity-matched analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8544-2569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Ohbe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taisuke","family":"Jo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Matsui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiyohide","family":"Fushimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideo","family":"Yasunaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-016-4665-0","article-title":"Early enteral nutrition in critically ill patients: ESICM clinical practice guidelines","volume":"43","author":"Reintam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199402000-00018","article-title":"Role of early enteral feeding and acute starvation on postburn bacterial translocation and host defense","volume":"22","author":"Gianotti","year":"1994","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2004.06.003","article-title":"Does enteral nutrition compared to parenteral nutrition result in better outcomes in critically ill adult patients? A systematic review of the literature","volume":"20","author":"Gramlich","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607107031003246","article-title":"Is There Evidence That the Gut Contributes to Mucosal Immunity in Humans?","volume":"31","author":"Kang","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Parenter Enter Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(02)00821-8","article-title":"Current aspects of mucosal immunology and its influence by nutrition","volume":"183","author":"Kudsk","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.42.3.431","article-title":"Compared with parenteral nutrition, enteral feeding attenuates the acute phase response and improves disease severity in acute pancreatitis","volume":"42","author":"Windsor","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200102000-00003","article-title":"Early postoperative enteral nutrition improves gut oxygenation and reduces costs compared with total parenteral nutrition","volume":"29","author":"Braga","year":"2001","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000001525","article-title":"Guidelines for the Provision and Assessment of Nutrition Support Therapy in the Adult Critically Ill Patient","volume":"44","author":"Taylor","year":"2016","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.129.4.960","article-title":"Effects of early enteral feeding on the outcome of critically ill mechanically ventilated medical patients","volume":"129","author":"Artinian","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2018","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-009-1664-4","article-title":"Early enteral nutrition, provided within 24 h of injury or intensive care unit admission, significantly reduces mortality in critically ill patients: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials","volume":"35","author":"Doig","year":"2009","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.4037\/ajcc2010197","article-title":"Early enteral nutrition and outcomes of critically ill patients treated with vasopressors and mechanical ventilation","volume":"19","author":"Khalid","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib12","article-title":"Enteral versus parenteral early nutrition in ventilated adults with shock: a randomised, controlled, multicentre, open-label, parallel-group study (NUTRIREA-2)","author":"Reignier","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1111\/aas.12302","article-title":"Definition, prevalence, and outcome of feeding intolerance in intensive care: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"58","author":"Blaser","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200110000-00018","article-title":"Upper digestive intolerance during enteral nutrition in critically ill patients: frequency, risk factors, and complications","volume":"29","author":"Mentec","year":"2001","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e318192fb44","article-title":"Changes in superior mesenteric artery blood flow after oral, enteral, and parenteral feeding in humans*","volume":"37","author":"Gatt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.164.10.1054","article-title":"Acute Mesenteric Ischemia","volume":"164","author":"Oldenburg","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-010-2061-8","article-title":"Cardiogenic shock and nutrition: safe?","volume":"37","author":"Thibault","year":"2011","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.33549\/physiolres.930287","article-title":"Enteral nutrition and hepatosplanchnic region in critically ill patients - friends or foes?","volume":"52","author":"Rokyta","year":"2003","journal-title":"Physiol Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1762","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e318174dcf0","article-title":"Current practice in nutritional support and its association with mortality in septic patients-Results from a national, prospective, multicenter study","volume":"36","author":"Elke","year":"2008","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2004.08.005","article-title":"Enteral nutrition in critically ill patients with severe hemodynamic failure after cardiopulmonary bypass","volume":"24","author":"Berger","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607112470460","article-title":"Tolerability and safety of enteral nutrition in critically ill patients receiving intravenous vasopressor therapy","volume":"37","author":"Mancl","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Parenter Enter Nutr"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib22","first-page":"476","article-title":"Validity of diagnoses, procedures, and laboratory data in Japanese administrative data","volume":"27","author":"Yamana","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Epidemiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01709751","article-title":"The SOFA (Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment) score to describe organ dysfunction\/failure","volume":"22","author":"Vincent","year":"1996","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwq433","article-title":"Updating and validating the Charlson comorbidity index and score for risk adjustment in hospital discharge abstracts using data from 6 countries","volume":"173","author":"Quan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e464","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000001667","article-title":"Risks and Benefits of Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis for Patients With Severe Sepsis","volume":"44","author":"Sasabuchi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000150027.98160.80","article-title":"Epidemiology of sepsis in Victoria, Australia","volume":"33","author":"Sundararajan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1303","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200107000-00002","article-title":"Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the United States: Analysis of incidence, outcome, and associated costs of care","volume":"29","author":"Angus","year":"2001","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e001462","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.114.001462","article-title":"Effect of cardiogenic shock hospital volume on mortality in patients with cardiogenic shock","volume":"4","author":"Shaefi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201311-1967OC","article-title":"Hospital case volume and outcomes among patients hospitalized with severe sepsis","volume":"189","author":"Walkey","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e002736","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-002736","article-title":"The eye response test alone is sufficient to predict stroke outcome--reintroduction of Japan Coma Scale: a cohort study","volume":"3","author":"Shigematsu","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1080\/00031305.1985.10479383","article-title":"Constructing a control group using multivariate matched sampling methods that incorporate the propensity score","volume":"39","author":"Rosenbaum","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am Stat"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-152-6-201003160-00010","article-title":"Propensity score adjustment with multilevel data: setting your sites on decreasing selection bias","volume":"152","author":"Griswold","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3083","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.3697","article-title":"Balance diagnostics for comparing the distribution of baseline covariates between treatment groups in propensity-score matched samples","volume":"28","author":"Austin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib34","series-title":"Statistical Software Components S432001","article-title":"PSMATCH2: Stata module to perform full Mahalanobis and propensity score matching, common support graphing, and covariate imbalance testing","author":"Edwin","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwk020","article-title":"Marginal modeling of nonnested multilevel data using standard software","volume":"165","author":"Miglioretti","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/73.1.13","article-title":"Longitudinal data analysis using generalized linear models","volume":"73","author":"Liang","year":"1986","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-016-1298-1","article-title":"Enteral versus parenteral nutrition in critically ill patients: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"20","author":"Elke","year":"2016","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(99)00261-5","article-title":"Nonocclusive bowel necrosis occurring in critically ill trauma patients receiving enteral nutrition manifests no reliable clinical signs for early detection","volume":"179","author":"Marvin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Surg"}],"container-title":["Clinical Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0261561419300743?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0261561419300743?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T00:54:59Z","timestamp":1759366499000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0261561419300743"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0261561419300743"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020","relation":{},"ISSN":["0261-5614"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0261-5614","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Differences in effect of early enteral nutrition on mortality among ventilated adults with shock requiring low-, medium-, and high-dose noradrenaline: A propensity-matched analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.02.020","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}