{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T21:20:00Z","timestamp":1791235200196,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]],"date-time":"2023-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701388800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalnutritionjournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T18:44:56Z","timestamp":1697049896000},"page":"2320-2327","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Associations of predominant night-eating with plasma glycemic status and continuous glucose monitoring measures among pregnant women"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"See Ling","family":"Loy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3719-3005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chee Wai","family":"Ku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruther Teo","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7117-6006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Celeste Hong Fei","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6541-4315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ting Yu","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2661-8752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ling-Wei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yin Bun","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4643-0618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keith M.","family":"Godfrey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1945-0266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kok Hian","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0587-2505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mary Foong-Fong","family":"Chong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerry Kok Yen","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ngee","family":"Lek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabian","family":"Yap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib1","article-title":"From maternal diet to neurodevelopmental disorders: a story of neuroinflammation","volume":"14","author":"Bordeleau","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2021.111582","article-title":"Diet and mental health in pregnancy: nutrients of importance based on large observational cohort data","volume":"96","author":"Yelverton","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1017\/S0029665116000239","article-title":"Meal irregularity and cardiometabolic consequences: results from observational and intervention studies","volume":"75","author":"Pot","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc Nutr Soc"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.4162\/nrp.2016.10.4.448","article-title":"Nutritional aspects of night eating and its association with weight status among Korean adolescents","volume":"10","author":"Hernandez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nutr Res Prac"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15030756","article-title":"Chrononutrition during pregnancy and its association with maternal and offspring outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of ramadan and non-ramadan studies","volume":"15","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2783","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12092783","article-title":"Chrononutrition during pregnancy: a review on maternal night-time eating","volume":"12","author":"Loy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1017\/S0029665116000306","article-title":"Chrono-nutrition: a review of current evidence from observational studies on global trends in time-of-day of energy intake and its association with obesity","volume":"75","author":"Almoosawi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc Nutr Soc"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12181","article-title":"Association of late-night carbohydrate intake with glucose tolerance among pregnant African American women","volume":"12","author":"Chandler-Laney","year":"2016","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.4274\/tjod.galenos.2019.77864","article-title":"Associations between night eating syndrome and metabolic parameters in pregnant women","volume":"16","author":"Deniz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Turk J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114516000441","article-title":"Predominantly night-time feeding and maternal glycaemic levels during pregnancy","volume":"115","author":"Loy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2015.12.006","article-title":"Interdependence of nutrient metabolism and the circadian clock system: importance for metabolic health","volume":"5","author":"Ribas-Latre","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol Metabol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0b013e31815a5494","article-title":"Metabolic changes in pregnancy","volume":"50","author":"Lain","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-1687","article-title":"Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) Study: associations of maternal A1C and glucose with pregnancy outcomes","volume":"35","author":"Lowe","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2019-030036","article-title":"Maternal night-eating pattern and glucose tolerance during pregnancy: study protocol for a longitudinal study","volume":"9","author":"Loy","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"7624","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39335.541782.AD","article-title":"Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies","volume":"335","author":"von Elm","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1093\/bmb\/ldm001","article-title":"Measuring socioeconomic position in health research","volume":"81\u201382","author":"Galobardes","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br Med Bull"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000078924.61453.FB","article-title":"International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity","volume":"35","author":"Craig","year":"2003","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1935","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.08.018","article-title":"Maternal night-time eating and sleep duration in relation to length of gestation and preterm birth","volume":"39","author":"Loy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.116.130765","article-title":"Predominantly nighttime feeding and weight outcomes in infants","volume":"104","author":"Cheng","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11112686","article-title":"Associations of circadian eating pattern and diet quality with substantial postpartum weight retention","volume":"11","author":"Loy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"217","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-25950-0_6","article-title":"Circadian clocks and metabolism","author":"Marcheva","year":"2013","journal-title":"Handb Exp Pharmacol"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1554","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2013.06.039","article-title":"Entrainment of the human circadian clock to the natural light-dark cycle","volume":"23","author":"Wright","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-1848","article-title":"International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups Consensus Panel. International association of diabetes and pregnancy study groups recommendations on the diagnosis and classification of hyperglycemia in pregnancy","volume":"33","author":"Metzger","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.21.12.2191","article-title":"Correct homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) evaluation uses the computer program","volume":"21","author":"Levy","year":"1998","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2275","DOI":"10.2337\/dc18-1581","article-title":"Glucose management indicator (GMI): a new term for estimating A1C from continuous glucose monitoring","volume":"41","author":"Bergenstal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-979906","article-title":"\"J\"-index. A new proposition of the assessment of current glucose control in diabetic patients","volume":"27","author":"Wojcicki","year":"1995","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3402","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18073402","article-title":"Glycaemic variability and risk factors of pregnant women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus measured by continuous glucose monitoring","volume":"18","author":"G\u00e1borov\u00e1","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Publ Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2019.0416","article-title":"Updated software for automated assessment of glucose variability and quality of glycemic control in diabetes","volume":"22","author":"Moscardo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Technol Therapeut"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-023-01503-5","article-title":"Implementation of continuous glucose monitoring in critical care: a scoping review","volume":"23","author":"Faulds","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Diabetes Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.19.4.333","article-title":"Factors associated with glucose and insulin levels in healthy postmenopausal women","volume":"19","author":"Barrett-Connor","year":"1996","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3379","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13103379","article-title":"Meal timing and glycemic control during pregnancy\u2014is there a link?","volume":"13","author":"Zhu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1541-0420.2011.01619.x","article-title":"A\u00a0new criterion for confounder selection","volume":"67","author":"VanderWeele","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biometrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2021.105747","article-title":"Maternal meal irregularities during pregnancy and lifestyle correlates","volume":"168","author":"Loo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib34","first-page":"70","article-title":"Maternal circadian eating time and frequency are associated with blood glucose concentrations during pregnancy","volume":"147","author":"Loy","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Nutr"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.6.1487","article-title":"Use and abuse of HOMA modeling","volume":"27","author":"Wallace","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e39","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(20)30275-8","article-title":"Longitudinal associations between ambient air pollution and insulin sensitivity: results from the KORA cohort study","volume":"5","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Planet Health"},{"issue":"9403","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)15268-3","article-title":"Appropriate body-mass index for Asian populations and its implications for policy and intervention strategies","volume":"363","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.2337\/dci19-0028","article-title":"Clinical targets for continuous glucose monitoring data interpretation: recommendations from the international consensus on time in range","volume":"42","author":"Battelino","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2020.110756","article-title":"Higher energy intake at night effects daily energy distribution and contributes to excessive weight gain during pregnancy","volume":"74","author":"Gontijo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneb.2018.11.003","article-title":"Reasons for late-night eating and willingness to change:A qualitative study in pregnant black women","volume":"51","author":"Kroeger","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Nutr Educ Behav"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.2337\/dc18-2212","article-title":"Suboptimal nocturnal glucose control is associated with large for gestational age in treated gestational diabetes mellitus","volume":"42","author":"Law","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S16","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.53.suppl_3.S16","article-title":"Five stages of evolving beta-cell dysfunction during progression to diabetes","volume":"53","author":"Weir","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.3525","article-title":"Associations of the HOMA2-%B and HOMA2-IR with progression to diabetes and glycaemic deterioration in young and middle-aged Chinese","volume":"38","author":"Fan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2017.04.003","article-title":"Late dinner impairs glucose tolerance in MTNR1B risk allele carriers: a randomized, cross-over study","volume":"37","author":"Lopez-Minguez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.2337\/dc21-1314","article-title":"Interplay of dinner timing and MTNR1B type 2 diabetes risk variant on glucose tolerance and insulin secretion: a randomized crossover trial","volume":"45","author":"Garaulet","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1186\/s12884-018-1707-3","article-title":"Impact of adopting the 2013 World Health Organization criteria for diagnosis of gestational diabetes in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort: a prospective study","volume":"18","author":"Chi","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Pregnancy Childbirth"}],"container-title":["Clinical Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0261561423003278?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0261561423003278?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T01:13:16Z","timestamp":1759367596000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0261561423003278"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0261561423003278"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["0261-5614"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0261-5614","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Associations of predominant night-eating with plasma glycemic status and continuous glucose monitoring measures among pregnant women","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnu.2023.10.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Crown Copyright \u00a9 2023 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}