{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T12:17:35Z","timestamp":1791289055418,"version":"4.3.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]],"date-time":"2024-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727740800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,12]],"date-time":"2024-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726099200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.com","clinicalnutritionjournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,13]],"date-time":"2024-09-13T16:24:31Z","timestamp":1726244671000},"page":"2458-2472","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A systematic review to assess the impact of amino acids or their derivatives on skeletal muscle wasting in critically ill patients"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9846-7191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kym","family":"Wittholz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Bidgood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kate","family":"Fetterplace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alistair","family":"McLean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olav","family":"Rooyackers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam M.","family":"Deane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amalia","family":"Karahalios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2017.10.026","article-title":"Neuromuscular electrophysiological disorders and muscle atrophy in mechanically-ventilated traumatic brain injury patients: new insights from a prospective observational study","volume":"44","author":"Silva","year":"2018","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2019.11.016","article-title":"Muscle wasting associated co-morbidities, rather than sarcopenia are risk factors for hospital mortality in critical illness","volume":"56","author":"Baggerman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-03276-9","article-title":"ICU admission body composition: skeletal muscle, bone, and fat effects on mortality and disability at hospital discharge\u2014a prospective, cohort study","volume":"24","author":"Jaitovich","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.278481","article-title":"Acute skeletal muscle wasting in critical illness","volume":"310","author":"Puthucheary","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1011802","article-title":"Functional disability 5 years after acute respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"364","author":"Herridge","year":"2011","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib6","first-page":"221","article-title":"Dose-dependent increases in whole-body net protein balance and dietary protein-derived amino acid incorporation into myofibrillar protein during recovery from resistance exercise in older men","volume":"149","author":"Holwerda","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Nutr"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E992","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00517.2011","article-title":"Amino acid absorption and subsequent muscle protein accretion following graded intakes of whey protein in elderly men","volume":"302","author":"Pennings","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuaa104","article-title":"Dose\u2013response relationship between protein intake and muscle mass increase: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"79","author":"Tagawa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201909-1810OC","article-title":"Outcomes six months after delivering 100% or 70% of enteral calorie requirements during critical illness (TARGET). A randomized controlled trial","volume":"201","author":"Deane","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1002\/jpen.1725","article-title":"Systematic review with meta-analysis of patient-centered outcomes, comparing international guideline\u2013recommended enteral protein delivery with usual care","volume":"44","author":"Fetterplace","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Parenter Enteral Nutr"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202112-2780OC","article-title":"Muscle protein synthesis following protein administration in critical illness","volume":"206","author":"Chapple","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1097\/MCO.0000000000000707","article-title":"Protein absorption and kinetics in critical illness","volume":"24","author":"Liebau","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care"},{"issue":"10376","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)02469-2","article-title":"The effect of higher protein dosing in critically ill patients with high nutritional risk (EFFORT Protein): an international, multicentre, pragmatic, registry-based randomised trial","volume":"401","author":"Heyland","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2020.07.036","article-title":"High protein versus medium protein delivery under equal total energy delivery in critical care: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"40","author":"Nakamura","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1002\/jpen.1166","article-title":"Targeted full energy and protein delivery in critically ill patients: a pilot randomized controlled trial (FEED trial)","volume":"42","author":"Fetterplace","year":"2018","journal-title":"JPEN - J Parenter Enter Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1097\/MCO.0000000000000809","article-title":"HMB and leucine supplementation during critical illness and recovery","volume":"25","author":"Bear","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1111\/jhn.12238","article-title":"Impact of supplementation with amino acids or their metabolites on muscle wasting in patients with critical illness or other muscle wasting illness: a systematic review","volume":"28","author":"Wandrag","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hum Nutr Diet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib18","series-title":"Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions","author":"Higgins","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib19","series-title":"Undertaking systematic reviews of research on effectiveness: CRD's guidance for carrying out or commissioning reviews","author":"Khan","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib20","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqy373","article-title":"\u03b2-Hydroxy-\u03b2-methylbutyrate and its impact on skeletal muscle mass and physical function in clinical practice: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"109","author":"Bear","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib22","article-title":"RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials","volume":"366","author":"Sterne","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib23","article-title":"Synthesis without meta-analysis (SWiM) in systematic reviews: reporting guideline","volume":"368","author":"Campbell","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119536604.ch12","article-title":"Synthesizing and presenting findings using other methods","author":"McKenzie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib25","series-title":"Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions version 6.4 (updated August 2023)","author":"Higgins","year":"2023"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000297954.45251.A9","article-title":"Early enteral supplementation with key pharmaconutrients improves Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score in critically ill patients with sepsis: outcome of a randomized, controlled, double-blind trial","volume":"36","author":"Beale","year":"2008","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib27","first-page":"2580","article-title":"Glutamine-enriched enteral nutrition increases HLA-DR expression on monocytes of trauma patients","volume":"132","author":"Boelens","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199503000-00006","article-title":"Early enteral administration of a formula (Impact) supplemented with arginine, nucleotides, and fish oil in intensive care unit patients: results of a multicenter, prospective, randomized, clinical trial","volume":"23","author":"Bower","year":"1995","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1875-9114.1994.tb02824.x","article-title":"Comparison of specialized and standard enteral formulas in trauma patients","volume":"14","author":"Brown","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pharmacotherapy:The Journal of Human Pharmacology & Drug Therapy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2011.07.011","article-title":"Enteral nutrition supplemented with L-glutamine in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome due to pulmonary infection","volume":"28","author":"Cavalcante","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib31","first-page":"193","article-title":"Improvement in immune function in ICU patients by enteral nutrition supplemented with arginine, RNA, and menhaden oil is independent of nitrogen balance","volume":"7","author":"Cerra","year":"1991","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib32","first-page":"552","article-title":"Comparison of a immunonutrition formula enriched arginine, glutamine and omega-3 fatty acid, with a currently high-enriched enteral nutrition for trauma patients","volume":"86","author":"Chuntrasakul","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Med Assoc Thai"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-9007(02)00847-X","article-title":"Effect of a glutamine-enriched enteral diet on intestinal permeability and infectious morbidity at 28 days in critically ill patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome: a randomized, single-blind, prospective, multicenter study","volume":"18","author":"Conejero","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20030251","article-title":"Benefits of early enteral nutrition with glutamine and probiotics in brain injury patients","volume":"106","author":"Falcao de Arruda","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-022-04232-5","article-title":"Effect of an enteral amino acid blend on muscle and gut functionality in critically ill patients: a proof-of-concept randomized controlled trial","volume":"26","author":"Heming","year":"2022","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"5 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib36","first-page":"S52","article-title":"Glutamine-enriched enteral feeding in trauma patients: reduced infectious morbidity is not related to changes in endocrine and metabolic responses","volume":"23","author":"Houdijk","year":"1999","journal-title":"JPEN - J Parenter Enter Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/S0261-5614(99)80072-7","article-title":"Substrate fuel kinetics in enterally fed trauma patients supplemented with ornithine alpha ketoglutarate","volume":"18","author":"Jeevanandam","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/64.4.615","article-title":"A\u00a0double-blind, prospective, randomized study of glutamine-enriched compared with standard peptide-based feeding in critically ill patients","volume":"64","author":"Jensen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib39","first-page":"125","article-title":"Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate supplementation in critically ill trauma patients","volume":"62","author":"Kuhls","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Trauma"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.7897\/2230-8407.06676","article-title":"Comparative study of oral L-arginine therapy versus non-ambulatory treatment in pregnancy with asymmetrical fetal growth restriction","volume":"6","author":"Kumar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int Res J Pharm"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181958cba","article-title":"Increasing plasma glutamine in postoperative patients fed an arginine-rich immune-enhancing diet--a pharmacokinetic randomized controlled study","volume":"37","author":"Loi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607195019006470","article-title":"Glutamine supplementation of enteral nutrition: impact on whole body protein kinetics and glucose metabolism in critically ill patients","volume":"19","author":"Long","year":"1995","journal-title":"JPEN - J Parenter Enter Nutr"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199705000-00026","article-title":"Effects of an immune-enhancing diet in critically injured patients","volume":"42","author":"Mendez","year":"1997","journal-title":"J\u00a0Trauma Inj Infect Crit Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1002\/jpen.1607","article-title":"Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate, arginine, and glutamine complex on muscle volume loss in critically ill patients: a randomized control trial","volume":"44","author":"Nakamura","year":"2020","journal-title":"JPEN - J Parenter Enter Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607101025004182","article-title":"Metabolic effects of arginine addition to the enteral feeding of critically ill patients","volume":"25","author":"Preiser","year":"2001","journal-title":"JPEN - J Parenter Enter Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2891-2-13","article-title":"Gut mucosal and plasma concentrations of glutamine: a comparison between two enriched enteral feeding solutions in critically ill patients","volume":"2","author":"Preiser","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nutr J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1186\/s12871-017-0369-4","article-title":"Effects of immunonutrition on biomarkers in traumatic brain injury patients in Malaysia: a prospective randomized controlled trial","volume":"17","author":"Rai","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10071-23218","article-title":"Effects of early enteral glutamine supplementation on intestinal permeability in critically ill patients","volume":"23","author":"Shariatpanahi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-021-03737-9","article-title":"A\u00a0randomized controlled trial to determine whether beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate and\/or eicosapentaenoic acid improves diaphragm and quadriceps strength in critically Ill mechanically ventilated patients","volume":"25","author":"Supinski","year":"2021","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2004.07.006","article-title":"Supplemental enteral arginine is metabolized to ornithine in injured patients","volume":"123","author":"Tsuei","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Surg Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.7698","article-title":"High-protein enteral nutrition enriched with immune-modulating nutrients vs standard high-protein enteral nutrition and nosocomial infections in the ICU: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"312","author":"van Zanten","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"11\u201312","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-9007(01)00613-X","article-title":"Influence of polymeric enteral nutrition supplemented with different doses of glutamine on gut permeability in critically ill patients","volume":"17","author":"Velasco","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4878","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2021.07.018","article-title":"Impact of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) on muscle loss and protein metabolism in critically ill patients: a RCT","volume":"40","author":"Viana","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-019-3639-2","article-title":"Leucine-enriched essential amino acid supplementation in mechanically ventilated trauma patients: a feasibility study","volume":"20","author":"Wandrag","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib55","first-page":"25","article-title":"Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate supplementation and functional outcomes in multitrauma patients: a pilot randomized controlled trial","volume":"25","author":"Wittholz","year":"2023","journal-title":"JPEN - J Parenter Enter Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib56","article-title":"Effects of glutamine supplementation on critically ill patients: focus on efficacy and safety","volume":"78","author":"Apostolopoulou","year":"2020","journal-title":"An overview of systematic reviews. Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctim.2019.102226","article-title":"Effect of L-arginine supplementation on C-reactive protein and other inflammatory biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"47","author":"Nazarian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Compl Ther Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-023-04698-x","article-title":"Effects of a multilevel intervention of resistance training with or without beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate in medical ICU patients during entire hospitalisation: a four-arm multicentre randomised controlled trial","volume":"27","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1002\/jpen.1822","article-title":"Comparison of ultrasound-derived muscle thickness with computed tomography muscle cross-sectional area on admission to the intensive care unit: a pilot cross-sectional study","volume":"45","author":"Lambell","year":"2021","journal-title":"JPEN - J Parenter Enter Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1097\/MCC.0000000000000846","article-title":"Monitoring muscle mass using ultrasound: a key role in critical care","volume":"27","author":"van Ruijven","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Opin Crit Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aucc.2020.10.008","article-title":"Assessment of muscle mass using ultrasound with minimal versus maximal pressure compared with computed tomography in critically ill adult patients","volume":"34","author":"Fetterplace","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aust Crit Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-022-04113-x","article-title":"Core outcome measures for clinical effectiveness trials of nutritional and metabolic interventions in critical illness: an international modified Delphi consensus study evaluation (CONCISE)","volume":"26","author":"Davies","year":"2022","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1177\/0310057X19875152","article-title":"Ultrasonography to measure quadriceps muscle in critically ill patients: a literature review of reported methodologies","volume":"47","author":"Weinel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Anaesth Intensive Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2014.01.020","article-title":"Whole body protein turnover in critically ill patients with multiple organ failure","volume":"34","author":"Rooyackers","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1097\/MCC.0000000000000959","article-title":"Protein metabolism in critical illness","author":"Chapple","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Opin Crit Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2020.06.018","article-title":"Uptake of dietary amino acids into arterial blood during continuous enteral feeding in critically ill patients and healthy subjects","volume":"40","author":"Liebau","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jpen.2622","article-title":"Plasma beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate availability after enteral administration during critical illness after trauma: an exploratory study","author":"Wittholz","year":"2024","journal-title":"JPEN - J Parenter Enter Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-62321-7","article-title":"Glycine by enteral route does not improve major clinical outcomes in severe COVID-19: a randomized clinical pilot trial","volume":"14","author":"Vargas","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-023-04651-y","article-title":"Enteral citrulline supplementation versus placebo on SOFA score on day 7 in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients: the IMMUNOCITRE randomized clinical trial","volume":"27","author":"Tadi\u00e9","year":"2023","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12103137","article-title":"Optimizing nitrogen balance is associated with better outcomes in neurocritically ill patients","volume":"12","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1186\/cc9039","article-title":"Bench-to-bedside review: the gut as an endocrine organ in the critically ill","volume":"14","author":"Deane","year":"2010","journal-title":"Crit Care"}],"container-title":["Clinical Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0261561424003364?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0261561424003364?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]],"date-time":"2024-09-27T19:13:21Z","timestamp":1727464401000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0261561424003364"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0261561424003364"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025","relation":{},"ISSN":["0261-5614"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0261-5614","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A systematic review to assess the impact of amino acids or their derivatives on skeletal muscle wasting in critically ill patients","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnu.2024.09.025","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}