{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T17:48:16Z","timestamp":1793296096974,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalnutritionjournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,20]],"date-time":"2025-05-20T05:00:45Z","timestamp":1747717245000},"page":"164-174","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adults: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Su Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su Hwan","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0927-4721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jae Moon","family":"Yun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00423-020-01965-1","article-title":"Mechanisms of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and implications for surgery","volume":"406","author":"Kaufmann","year":"2021","journal-title":"Langenbecks Arch Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.03.017","article-title":"Global burden of liver disease: 2023 update","volume":"79","author":"Devarbhavi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.3350\/cmh.2022.0239","article-title":"Forecasted 2040 global prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease using hierarchical Bayesian approach","volume":"28","author":"Le","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Mol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-018-2947-0","article-title":"Molecular pathways of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease development and progression","volume":"76","author":"Bessone","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib5","first-page":"1","article-title":"Liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma in the Asia-Pacific region: burden, trends, challenges and future directions","author":"Mak","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5965","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb46060356","article-title":"MASLD-related HCC: a comprehensive review of the trends, pathophysiology, tumor microenvironment, surveillance, and treatment options","volume":"46","author":"Shi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr Issues Mol Biol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.14276","article-title":"Association of MASLD with the risk of extrahepatic cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 18 cohort studies","volume":"54","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2021-324191","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and increased risk of incident extrahepatic cancers: a meta-analysis of observational cohort studies","volume":"71","author":"Mantovani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2022.06.051","article-title":"Hepatocellular and extrahepatic cancers in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"173","author":"Thomas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5640","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25115640","article-title":"Metabolic dysfunction\u2013associated steatotic liver disease: from pathogenesis to current therapeutic options","volume":"25","author":"Portincasa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2024.1433857","article-title":"Systemic impacts of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) on heart, muscle, and kidney related diseases","volume":"12","author":"Sandireddy","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Cell Dev Biol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(21)00020-0","article-title":"Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a multisystem disease requiring a multidisciplinary and holistic approach","volume":"6","author":"Targher","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.5009\/gnl20127","article-title":"Recent epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"15","author":"Murag","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gut and liver"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.2337\/dsi23-0010","article-title":"Understanding the burden of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: time for action","volume":"37","author":"Younossi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabetes Spectr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.2337\/dsi23-0009","article-title":"Practical lifestyle management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease for busy Clinicians","volume":"37","author":"Zelber-Sagi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diabetes Spectr"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib16","article-title":"Advancements in diagnostic and therapeutic interventions of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a literature review","volume":"15","author":"Chaudhry","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2019.10.008","article-title":"Lifestyle modification in NAFLD\/NASH: facts and figures","volume":"1","author":"Hallsworth","year":"2019","journal-title":"JHEP Reports"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2024.2374463","article-title":"Pharmacotherapeutic options for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: where are we today?","volume":"25","author":"Puengel","year":"2024","journal-title":"Expet Opin Pharmacother"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12071166","article-title":"Combination therapies for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"12","author":"Makri","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Personalized Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3337","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S468147","article-title":"Impact of lipids on insulin resistance: insights from human and animal studies","author":"Elkanawati","year":"2024","journal-title":"Drug Des Dev Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib21","series-title":"Role of Omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) as modulatory and anti-inflammatory agents in noncommunicable diet-related diseases\u2013reports from the last 10 years","author":"Banaszak","year":"2024"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2769","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12092769","article-title":"Effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation on non-alcoholic fatty liver: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"37","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000012271","article-title":"Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"97","author":"Yan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuy022","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled intervention studies on the effectiveness of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"76","author":"Musa-Veloso","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2017.01.003","article-title":"Fatty acid and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: meta-Analyses of case-control and randomized controlled trials","volume":"37","author":"Guo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Nutr (Edinb)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib26","first-page":"1022","article-title":"The effect of omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs","volume":"33","author":"Yu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pakistan J Med Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0162368","article-title":"Effectiveness of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"11","author":"He","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib28","article-title":"Effects of omega-3 fatty acid in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a meta-analysis","volume":"2016","author":"Lu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gastroenterol res practice"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2011.08.018","article-title":"Omega-3 supplementation and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"56","author":"Parker","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1111\/1440-1681.13750","article-title":"Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: an umbrella systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"50","author":"Musazadeh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-024-00985-1","article-title":"From NAFLD to MASLD: implications of the new nomenclature for preclinical and clinical research","volume":"6","author":"Hsu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E13","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000706","article-title":"From NAFLD to MASLD: promise and pitfalls of a new definition","volume":"79","author":"Cusi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hepatology (Baltim, Md)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000604","article-title":"National prevalence estimates for steatotic liver disease and subclassifications using consensus nomenclature","volume":"79","author":"Lee","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hepatology (Baltim, Md)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2024.04.031","article-title":"EASL\u2013EASD\u2013EASO clinical practice guidelines on the management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)","volume":"81","author":"Tacke","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjebm-2022-112102","article-title":"Using risk of bias 2 to assess results from randomised controlled trials: guidance from cochrane","volume":"28","author":"Flemyng","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-024-02356-6","article-title":"Meta-analysis accelerator: a comprehensive tool for statistical data conversion in systematic reviews with meta-analysis","volume":"24","author":"Abbas","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib37","series-title":"Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions","author":"Higgins","year":"2008"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2005.08.017","article-title":"A systematic review identifies a lack of standardization in methods for handling missing variance data","volume":"59","author":"Wiebe","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(92)90054-Q","article-title":"Variance imputation for overviews of clinical trials with continuous response","volume":"45","author":"Follmann","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.4097\/kjae.2018.71.2.103","article-title":"Introduction to systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"71","author":"Ahn","year":"2018","journal-title":"Korean J Anesthesiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.7599\/hmr.2015.35.1.23","article-title":"Statistical considerations in meta-analysis","volume":"35","author":"Kang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hanyang Medical Reviews"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib42","series-title":"Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions","author":"Chandler","year":"2019"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.18787\/jr.2020.00320","article-title":"Theory and practice of meta-analysis","volume":"27","author":"Cho","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Rhinol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.15.235","article-title":"Systematic evaluation and comparison of statistical tests for publication bias","volume":"15","author":"Hayashino","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-021-01867-6","article-title":"The 5 min meta-analysis: understanding how to read and interpret a forest plot","volume":"36","author":"Chang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eye (Lond 1990)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cegh.2018.05.005","article-title":"Interpretation of subgroup analyses in systematic reviews: a tutorial","volume":"7","author":"Richardson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clinical Epidemiol Global Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib47","series-title":"Stata \ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \uba54\ud0c0\ubd84\uc11d. \uc11c\uc6b8: \uace0\ub824\ub300\ud559\uad50\ucd9c\ud310\ubd80","author":"\uc9c4\uc724\uc544","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib48","series-title":"GRADEpro guideline development tool [Software]","author":"Radepro","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib49","series-title":"StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL)","article-title":"Omega-3 fatty acids [Internet]","author":"Krupa","year":"2025"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2002","DOI":"10.11569\/wcjd.v16.i18.2002","article-title":"Therapeutic efficacy of \u03c9-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid capsule in treatment of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"16","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"World Chin J Dig"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2007.10.003","article-title":"Effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"40","author":"Spadaro","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"issue":"41","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6395","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.6395","article-title":"Effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from seal oils on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease associated with hyperlipidemia","volume":"14","author":"Zhu","year":"2008","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.3109\/09637486.2010.487480","article-title":"Effects of a 1-year dietary intervention with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid-enriched olive oil on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients: a preliminary study","volume":"61","author":"Sofi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Food Sci Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib54","first-page":"377","article-title":"No significant effects of ethyl-eicosapentanoic acid on histologic features of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in a phase 2 triaL","volume":"147","author":"Sanyal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gastroenterology (New York, N Y, 1943)"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27289","article-title":"Effects of purified eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: results from the Welcome\u2217 study","volume":"60","author":"Scorletti","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatology (Baltim, Md)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2014.08.036","article-title":"Effects of n-3 fish oil on metabolic and histological parameters in NASH: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"62","author":"Argo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000000099","article-title":"Double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial of omega 3 fatty acids for the treatment of diabetic patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"49","author":"Dasarathy","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0133496","article-title":"Fish oil supplements lower serum lipids and glucose in correlation with a reduction in plasma fibroblast growth factor 21 and prostaglandin E2 in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease associated with hyperlipidemia: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"10","author":"Qin","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7008","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i22.7008","article-title":"Efficacy of poly-unsaturated fatty acid therapy on patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"22","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2015.05.001","article-title":"Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in treating non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"35","author":"Nogueira","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Nutr (Edinb)"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1923","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-018-4675-2","article-title":"Effects of dapagliflozin and n-3 carboxylic acids on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in people with type 2 diabetes: a double-blind randomised placebo-controlled study","volume":"61","author":"Eriksson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Diabetologia (Berl)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacl.2018.08.003","article-title":"Effects of free omega-3 carboxylic acids and fenofibrate on liver fat content in patients with hypertriglyceridemia and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study","volume":"12","author":"Oscarsson","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Lipidol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10081126","article-title":"Evaluation of a high concentrate omega-3 for correcting the omega-3 fatty acid nutritional deficiency in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (CONDIN)","volume":"10","author":"Tobin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.4103\/jrms.JRMS_282_18","article-title":"A randomized controlled trial comparing effects of a low-energy diet with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"24","author":"Shojasaadat","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Res Med Sci : Official J Isfahan Univ Med Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12113372","article-title":"Impact of long-term supplementation with fish oil in individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a double blind randomized placebo controlled clinical trial","volume":"12","author":"Cansan\u00e7\u00e3o","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1931","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-021-02772-0","article-title":"The effects of fish oil plus vitamin D3 intervention on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"61","author":"Guo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib67","first-page":"99","article-title":"Concentrated fish oil ameliorates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by regulating fibroblast growth factor 21\u2013adiponectin axis","author":"Guo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1906","article-title":"Effect of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on lipid metabolism in patients with metabolic syndrome and NAFLD","volume":"6","author":"\u0160m\u00edd","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hepatol Commun"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.18149","article-title":"The effect of vitamin E and docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester on Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)\u2014A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial (PUVENAFLD)","volume":"60","author":"Alkhouri","year":"2024","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Therapeut"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib70","first-page":"5","article-title":"The assessment of toxic liver injury","volume":"53","author":"Kim","year":"2009","journal-title":"Korean J Gastroenterol Taehan Sohwagi Hakhoe chi."},{"issue":"34","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5314","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v11.i34.5314","article-title":"Severity of ultrasonographic liver steatosis and metabolic syndrome in Korean men and women","volume":"11","author":"Kim","year":"2005","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-25970-0","article-title":"Gamma-glutamyl transferase and risk of all-cause and disease-specific mortality: a nationwide cohort study","volume":"13","author":"Cho","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1278","DOI":"10.1381\/096089206778663805","article-title":"Weight loss and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: falls in gamma-glutamyl transferase concentrations are associated with histologic improvement","volume":"16","author":"Dixon","year":"2006","journal-title":"Obes Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2015.09.005","article-title":"Gamma glutamyl transferase is an independent determinant for the association of insulin resistance with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Bangladeshi adults: Association of GGT and HOMA-IR with NAFLD","volume":"10","author":"Hossain","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diabetes Metabol Syndr: Clin Res Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib75","first-page":"4","article-title":"Gamma-glutamyl transferase: another biomarker for metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk","author":"Grundy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.3348\/jksr.2017.76.1.14","article-title":"Comparative study of ultrasonography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy for the diagnosis of fatty liver in a rat model","volume":"76","author":"Noh","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Korean Soc Radiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.11.021","article-title":"Non-invasive diagnosis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. A critical appraisal","volume":"58","author":"Machado","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib78","first-page":"61","article-title":"Single topic symposium : debate in NAFLD (key note Lecture and panel discussion) ; Role of non-invasive diagnosis: cons","volume":"2015","author":"\ucd5c\ub300\ud76c","year":"2015","journal-title":"\uac04\ud559\ud68c \uc2f1\uae00\ud1a0\ud53d \uc2ec\ud3ec\uc9c0\uc6c0"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7008","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i22.7008","article-title":"Efficacy of poly-unsaturated fatty acid therapy on patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol: WJG"}],"container-title":["Clinical Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0261561425001414?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0261561425001414?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,13]],"date-time":"2025-06-13T16:35:11Z","timestamp":1749832511000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0261561425001414"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":79,"alternative-id":["S0261561425001414"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013","relation":{},"ISSN":["0261-5614"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0261-5614","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adults: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.05.013","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}