{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T16:50:41Z","timestamp":1780419041688,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754956800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010394","name":"British Dietetic Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010394","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalnutritionjournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,12]],"date-time":"2025-08-12T23:20:22Z","timestamp":1755040822000},"page":"188-198","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Diet strategies for maintaining substantial therapeutic weight loss: 78-week mixed methods randomised trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3354-1060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naomi","family":"Brosnahan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Hankey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Leeds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilma","family":"Leslie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Thom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Hutchison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsay","family":"Govan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hazel","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael E.J.","family":"Lean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.20967","article-title":"NIH working group report: innovative research to improve maintenance of weight loss","volume":"23","author":"MacLean","year":"2015","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12509","DOI":"10.1111\/cob.12509","article-title":"UK dietitians\u2019 attitudes and experiences of formula very low- and low-energy diets in clinical practice","volume":"12","author":"Brown","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Obes"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20120223","article-title":"The defence of body weight: a physiological basis for weight regain after weight loss","volume":"124","author":"Sumithran","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R581","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00755.2010","article-title":"Biology's response to dieting: the impetus for weight regain","volume":"301","author":"MacLean","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib5","first-page":"1","article-title":"The physiology of appetite control and weight management","volume":"12","author":"Halford","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metabol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib6","first-page":"144","article-title":"Long-term weight loss maintenance in the UK and Ireland: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"34","author":"Thom","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Hum Nutr Diet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.070052","article-title":"Effects of anti-obesity drugs, diet, and exercise on weight-loss maintenance after a very-low-calorie diet or low-calorie diet: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"99","author":"Johansson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.117.158543","article-title":"Long-term weight-loss maintenance in obese patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized trial","volume":"106","author":"Christensen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"47","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16647","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1413965111","article-title":"Meal frequency and timing in health and disease","volume":"111","author":"Mattson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu8060354","article-title":"Weight-loss outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of intermittent energy restriction trials lasting a minimum of 6 months","volume":"8","author":"Headland","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2805","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-019-02098-y","article-title":"Efficacy of an intermittent energy restriction diet in a primary care setting","volume":"59","author":"Antoni","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1111\/nbu.12372","article-title":"Very low-energy and low-energy formula diets: effects on weight loss, obesity co-morbidities and type 2 diabetes remission - an update on the evidence for their use in clinical practice","volume":"44","author":"Brown","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutr Bull"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12715","article-title":"Experiences of using very low energy diets for weight loss by people with overweight or obesity: a review of qualitative research","volume":"19","author":"Harper","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib14","first-page":"316","article-title":"Primary care-led weight management for remission of type 2 diabetes (DiRECT): an open-label, cluster-randomised trial","volume":"391","author":"Lean","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/osp4.730","article-title":"Real-world data of a digitally enabled, time-restricted eating weight management program in public sector workers living with overweight and obesity in the United Kingdom: a service evaluation of the Roczen program","volume":"10","author":"Brown","year":"2024","journal-title":"Obes Sci Pract"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1111\/jhn.12611","article-title":"Filling the intervention gap: service evaluation of an intensive nonsurgical weight management programme for severe and complex obesity","volume":"32","author":"McCombie","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Hum Nutr Diet"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9060632","article-title":"PREVIEW: prevention of diabetes through lifestyle intervention and population studies in Europe and around the world. Design, methods, and baseline participant description of an adult cohort enrolled into a three-year randomised clinical trial","volume":"9","author":"Fogelholm","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2032183","article-title":"Once-weekly semaglutide in adults with overweight or obesity","volume":"384","author":"Wilding","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-015-1791-7","article-title":"Challenges of a community based pragmatic, randomised controlled trial of weight loss maintenance","volume":"8","author":"Randell","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/s12875-016-0406-2","article-title":"The Diabetes Remission Clinical Trial (DiRECT): protocol for a cluster randomised trial","volume":"17","author":"Leslie","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Fam Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1080\/17437199.2017.1299583","article-title":"Understanding the challenge of weight loss maintenance: a systematic review and synthesis of qualitative research on weight loss maintenance","volume":"11","author":"Greaves","year":"2017","journal-title":"Health Psychol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-017-0605-9","article-title":"A guide to using the Theoretical Domains Framework of behaviour change to investigate implementation problems","volume":"12","author":"Atkins","year":"2017","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-13-117","article-title":"Using the framework method for the analysis of qualitative data in multi-disciplinary health research","volume":"13","author":"Gale","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0803175","article-title":"The definition of weight maintenance","volume":"30","author":"Stevens","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Obes"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1982","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.20413","article-title":"Comparison of three weight maintenance programs on cardiovascular risk, bone and vitamins in sedentary older adults","volume":"21","author":"Christensen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g2646","article-title":"Long term maintenance of weight loss with non-surgical interventions in obese adults: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials","volume":"348","author":"Dombrowski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"issue":"607","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E115","DOI":"10.3399\/bjgp13X663073","article-title":"Feasibility and indicative results from a 12-month low-energy liquid diet treatment and maintenance programme for severe obesity","volume":"63","author":"Lean","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Gen Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-nutr-071714-034434","article-title":"Health benefits of long-term weight-loss maintenance","volume":"35","author":"Rueda-Clausen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annu Rev Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/17482631.2020.1862481","article-title":"Perspectives into the experience of successful, substantial long-term weight-loss maintenance: a systematic review","volume":"16","author":"Spreckley","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Qual Stud Health Well-Being"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1159\/000513042","article-title":"The H2020 \"NoHoW Project\": a position statement on behavioural approaches to longer-term weight management","volume":"14","author":"Stubbs","year":"2021","journal-title":"Obes Facts"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1839","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13061839","article-title":"The function of gastrointestinal hormones in obesity\u2014implications for the regulation of energy intake","volume":"13","author":"Farhadipour","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib32","first-page":"1","article-title":"Gut microbiota: succinct overview of impacts on human physique and current research status with future aspects","volume":"3","author":"Hossain","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Adv Life Sci Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib33","first-page":"183","article-title":"Maintenance of lost weight and long-term management of obesity","volume":"102","author":"Hall","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med Clin"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.117.157446","article-title":"Comparison among criteria to define successful weight-loss maintainers and regainers in the Action for Health in Diabetes (Look AHEAD) and Diabetes Prevention Program trials","volume":"106","author":"Berger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2011.00972.x","article-title":"The impact of extended care on the long-term maintenance of weight loss: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Middleton","year":"2012","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1914","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13752","article-title":"Gaps to bridge: misalignment between perception, reality and actions in obesity","volume":"21","author":"Caterson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metabol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2021.01.019","article-title":"Patient motivation to lose weight: importance of healthcare professional support, goals and self-efficacy","volume":"91","author":"Dicker","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Intern Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.24945","article-title":"Continued treatment with tirzepatide for maintenance of weight reduction in adults with obesity: the SURMOUNT-4 randomized clinical trial","volume":"331","author":"Aronne","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1159\/000481138","article-title":"Instrumentalization of eating improves weight loss maintenance in obesity","volume":"10","author":"Christensen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Obes Facts"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1111\/jhn.12273","article-title":"Facilitators and barriers to weight loss and weight loss maintenance: a qualitative exploration","volume":"28","author":"Metzgar","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Hum Nutr Diet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2021.105183","article-title":"Breaking habits or breaking habitual behaviours? Old habits as a neglected factor in weight loss maintenance","volume":"162","author":"Gardner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib42","first-page":"1512","article-title":"Barriers to and facilitators of long term weight loss maintenance in adult UK people: a thematic analysis","volume":"5","author":"Gupta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Prev Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1080\/17437199.2016.1151372","article-title":"Theoretical explanations for maintenance of behaviour change: a systematic review of behaviour theories","volume":"10","author":"Kwasnicka","year":"2016","journal-title":"Health Psychol Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.20582","article-title":"Meal replacements, reduced energy density eating, and weight loss maintenance in primary care patients: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"22","author":"Lowe","year":"2014","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.102475","article-title":"Healthy weight loss maintenance with exercise, GLP-1 receptor agonist, or both combined followed by one year without treatment: a post-treatment analysis of a randomised placebo-controlled trial","volume":"69","author":"Jensen","year":"2024","journal-title":"eClinicalMedicine"}],"container-title":["Clinical Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0261561425002237?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0261561425002237?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T18:47:14Z","timestamp":1758998834000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0261561425002237"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"references-count":45,"alternative-id":["S0261561425002237"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["0261-5614"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0261-5614","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Diet strategies for maintaining substantial therapeutic weight loss: 78-week mixed methods randomised trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.08.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}