{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,25]],"date-time":"2026-10-25T19:08:31Z","timestamp":1792955311489,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001411","name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001411","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005918","name":"Christian Medical College Vellore","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005918","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000765","name":"University College London","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000765","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016270","name":"Global Challenges Research Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AY 19 \/20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AY 19 \/20"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016270","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalnutritionjournal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T16:00:20Z","timestamp":1764086420000},"page":"106520","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Daily oral iron supplementation produced greater improvements in hematological parameters than alternate day doses \u2013 A pilot double-blind randomized control trial in iron-deficient young women"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Nikhitha M.","family":"John","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhargavi","family":"Ashok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Obed","family":"John","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kanagalakshmi","family":"V","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dilip","family":"Abraham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prasanna","family":"Samuel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yesudas","family":"Sudhakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Surjit K.S.","family":"Srai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1406-9298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Molly","family":"Jacob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib1","series-title":"Anaemia: WHO Fact Sheet","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib2","series-title":"National family Health Survey (NFHS-5), 2019\u201321: india","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-06-508325","article-title":"A systematic analysis of the global anemia burden from 1990 to 2010","volume":"123","author":"Kassebaum","year":"2014","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2018-05-815944","article-title":"Iron deficiency","volume":"133","author":"Camaschella","year":"2019","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"10021","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60865-0","article-title":"Iron deficiency anaemia","volume":"387","author":"Lopez","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1182\/asheducation-2015.1.8","article-title":"Iron deficiency: new insights into diagnosis and treatment","author":"Camaschella","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hematol Am Soc Hematol Educ Program"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2011.09012.x","article-title":"British committee for standards in haematology. UK guidelines on the management of iron deficiency in pregnancy","volume":"156","author":"Pavord","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Haematol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beha.2004.08.022","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of iron-deficiency anaemia","volume":"18","author":"Cook","year":"2005","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Haematol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2005.01.065","article-title":"Are we giving too much iron? Low-dose iron therapy is effective in octogenarians","volume":"118","author":"Rimon","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2928","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/131.11.2928","article-title":"Chronic exposure to high levels of dietary iron fortification increases lipid peroxidation in the mucosa of the rat large intestine","volume":"131","author":"Lund","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/69.2.250","article-title":"Oral ferrous sulfate supplements increase the free radical\u2013generating capacity of feces from healthy volunteers","volume":"69","author":"Lund","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2014-307720","article-title":"Iron fortification adversely affects the gut microbiome, increases pathogen abundance and induces intestinal inflammation in Kenyan infants","volume":"64","author":"Jaeggi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1956","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2017-314418","article-title":"Prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides mitigate the adverse effects of iron fortification on the gut microbiome: a randomised controlled study in Kenyan infants","volume":"66","author":"Paganini","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.110.004564","article-title":"The effects of iron fortification on the gut microbiota in African children: a randomized controlled trial in Cote d'ivoire","volume":"92","author":"Zimmermann","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15030691","article-title":"The effects of iron deficiency on the gut microbiota in women of childbearing age","volume":"15","author":"Seo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16060786","article-title":"Dose-responsive effects of iron supplementation on the gut microbiota in middle-aged women","volume":"16","author":"Shearer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114518001149","article-title":"Iron supplementation has minor effects on gut microbiota composition in overweight and Obese women in early pregnancy","volume":"120","author":"Nitert","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib18","first-page":"CD009532","article-title":"Oral or parenteral iron supplementation to reduce deferral, iron deficiency and\/or anaemia in blood donors","volume":"2014","author":"Smith","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamcr.2012.01.014","article-title":"Hepcidin and iron homeostasis","volume":"1823","author":"Ganz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta BBA - Mol Cell Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2090","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1104742","article-title":"Hepcidin regulates cellular iron efflux by binding to ferroportin and inducing its internalization","volume":"306","author":"Nemeth","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1981","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2015-05-642223","article-title":"Oral iron supplements increase hepcidin and decrease iron absorption from daily or twice-daily doses in iron-depleted young women","volume":"126","author":"Moretti","year":"2015","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1007\/s002160050608","article-title":"Stable isotope labels as a tool to determine the iron absorption by Peruvian school children from a breakfast meal","volume":"359","author":"Walczyk","year":"1997","journal-title":"Fresenius J Anal Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101052","article-title":"Threshold ferritin and hepcidin concentrations indicating early iron deficiency in young women based on upregulation of iron absorption","volume":"39","author":"Galetti","year":"2021","journal-title":"eClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e524","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(17)30182-5","article-title":"Iron absorption from oral iron supplements given on consecutive versus alternate days and as single morning doses versus twice-daily split dosing in iron-depleted women: two open-label, randomised controlled trials","volume":"4","author":"Stoffel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2019.220830","article-title":"Iron absorption from supplements is greater with alternate day than with consecutive day dosing in iron-deficient anemic women","volume":"105","author":"Stoffel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Haematologica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjebm-2018-111013","article-title":"Iron absorption from oral iron supplements given on consecutive versus alternate days in iron-depleted women","volume":"23","author":"Goodsall","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Evid-Based Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.26987","article-title":"Effect of dietary factors and time of day on iron absorption from oral iron supplements in iron deficient women","volume":"98","author":"von Siebenthal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.33545\/gynae.2020.v4.i4a.614","article-title":"Efficacy of intermittent iron versus daily iron in antenatal women","volume":"4","author":"Chitra","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Clin Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1007\/s12288-024-01816-9","article-title":"Daily versus alternate day oral iron replacement for women with iron deficiency anaemia: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"41","author":"Dhanush","year":"2025","journal-title":"Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-019-03871-z","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of twice-daily versus alternate-day oral iron therapy in the treatment of iron-deficiency anemia","volume":"99","author":"Kaundal","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Hematol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib31","first-page":"39","article-title":"A prospective, randomized, interventional study of oral iron supplementation comparing daily dose with alternate day regimen using hepcidin as a biomarker in iron deficiency anemia","volume":"68","author":"Mehta","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Assoc Phys India"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1818","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-29034-9","article-title":"Alternate day versus daily oral iron for treatment of iron deficiency anemia: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"13","author":"Pasupathy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.102742","article-title":"Efficacy of daily versus intermittent oral iron supplementation for prevention of anaemia among pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"74","author":"Banerjee","year":"2024","journal-title":"eClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000034421","article-title":"Comparing therapeutic effects of alternate day versus daily oral iron in women with iron deficiency anemia: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"102","author":"U\u00e7an","year":"2023","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltim)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib35","series-title":"Daily iron and folic acid supplementation during pregnancy","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7288","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-27074-1","article-title":"Impact of maternal antibodies and microbiota development on the immunogenicity of oral rotavirus vaccine in African, Indian, and European infants","volume":"12","author":"Parker","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2017.03.045","article-title":"Iron supplementation, response in iron-deficiency anemia: analysis of five trials","volume":"130","author":"Okam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2225","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.281.23.2225","article-title":"Reticulocyte hemoglobin content to diagnose iron deficiency in children","volume":"281","author":"Brugnara","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/7345835","article-title":"Absolute reticulocyte count and reticulocyte hemoglobin content as predictors of early response to exclusive oral iron in children with iron deficiency anemia","volume":"2016","author":"Parodi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anemia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib40","first-page":"1011","article-title":"Reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent (RET-HE) as a predictor and early marker for oral iron response in iron deficiency anemia patients","author":"Suega","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Glob Pharma Technol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1097\/MOG.0b013e32834a4cd1","article-title":"Iron and intestinal immunity","volume":"27","author":"Cherayil","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Opin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114514001160","article-title":"Effects of iron supplementation on dominant bacterial groups in the gut, faecal SCFA and gut inflammation: a randomised, placebo-controlled intervention trial in South African children","volume":"112","author":"Dostal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2067","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-021-02793-9","article-title":"The effect of oral iron supplementation on the gut microbiota, gut inflammation, and iron status in iron-depleted South African school-age children with virally suppressed HIV and without HIV","volume":"61","author":"Goosen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2022.03.016","article-title":"Efficacy of iron-folic acid treatment for reducing anemia prevalence and improving iron status in women of reproductive age: a one-year longitudinal study","volume":"49","author":"Palika","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Nutr ESPEN"}],"container-title":["Clinical Nutrition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0261561425003024?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0261561425003024?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T05:26:25Z","timestamp":1778736385000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0261561425003024"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":44,"alternative-id":["S0261561425003024"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0261-5614"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0261-5614","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Daily oral iron supplementation produced greater improvements in hematological parameters than alternate day doses \u2013 A pilot double-blind randomized control trial in iron-deficient young women","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Nutrition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.11.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106520"}}