{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T23:11:39Z","timestamp":1779923499585,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,1]],"date-time":"2011-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1298937600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinics in Perinatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,24]],"date-time":"2011-02-24T14:06:24Z","timestamp":1298556384000},"page":"127-142","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Electronic Fetal Monitoring: Past, Present, and Future"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Molly J.","family":"Stout","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison G.","family":"Cahill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Births: final data for 2002","volume":"52","author":"Martin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Natl Vital Stat Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib2","series-title":"Maternal-fetal medicine principles and practice","author":"Creasy","year":"2009"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1190","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(16)34294-6","article-title":"Observations on heart rate and pH in the human fetus during labor","volume":"104","author":"Kubli","year":"1969","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(73)90557-7","article-title":"Predictability of the state of fetal oxygenation from a quantitative analysis of the components of late deceleration","volume":"115","author":"Myers","year":"1973","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(82)90631-7","article-title":"Fetal heart rate accelerations and late decelerations during the course of intrauterine death in chronically catheterized rhesus monkeys","volume":"144","author":"Murata","year":"1982","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib6","first-page":"96","article-title":"Fetal monitoring: is it worth it?","volume":"45","author":"Quilligan","year":"1975","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(76)90641-4","article-title":"Controlled trial of fetal intensive care","volume":"126","author":"Renou","year":"1976","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(76)90565-2","article-title":"The evaluation of continuous fetal heart rate monitoring in high-risk pregnancy","volume":"125","author":"Haverkamp","year":"1976","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(78)90114-X","article-title":"An assessment of continuous fetal heart rate monitoring in labor. A randomized trial","volume":"131","author":"Kelso","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(16)33082-4","article-title":"A\u00a0controlled trial of the differential effects of intrapartum fetal monitoring","volume":"134","author":"Haverkamp","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(85)90619-2","article-title":"The Dublin randomized controlled trial of intrapartum fetal heart rate monitoring","volume":"152","author":"MacDonald","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib12","first-page":"899","article-title":"A\u00a0randomized trial of intrapartum electronic fetal heart rate monitoring versus intermittent auscultation","volume":"81","author":"Vintzileos","year":"1993","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198609043151004","article-title":"A\u00a0prospective comparison of selective and universal electronic fetal monitoring in 34,995 pregnancies","volume":"315","author":"Leveno","year":"1986","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib14","first-page":"687","article-title":"A\u00a0randomized trial of electronic fetal monitoring in preterm labor","volume":"69","author":"Luthy","year":"1987","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199003013220904","article-title":"Effects of electronic fetal-heart-rate monitoring, as compared with periodic auscultation, on the neurologic development of premature infants","volume":"322","author":"Shy","year":"1990","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(97)70079-6","article-title":"Electronic fetal heart rate monitoring: research guidelines for interpretation. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development research planning workshop","volume":"177","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib18","article-title":"Advance report of maternal and infant health data from the birth certificate, 1990","volume":"42","year":"1993","journal-title":"Mon Vital Stat Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.3109\/00016349409013391","article-title":"Is fetal heart rate variability a good predictor of fetal outcome?","volume":"73","author":"Samueloff","year":"1994","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1997.tb10643.x","article-title":"The intrapartum CTG prior to neonatal encephalopathy at term: a case-control study","volume":"104","author":"Spencer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Br J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(98)00441-4","article-title":"Predictive value of electronic fetal monitoring for intrapartum fetal asphyxia with metabolic acidosis","volume":"93","author":"Low","year":"1999","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-837272","article-title":"Predictive value of late decelerations for fetal acidemia in unselective low-risk pregnancies","volume":"22","author":"Sameshima","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"issue":"5 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(02)02240-8","article-title":"Fetal heart rate parameters predictive of neonatal outcome in the presence of a prolonged deceleration","volume":"100","author":"Williams","year":"2002","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2003.204","article-title":"Temporal and demographic trends in cerebral palsy\u2013fact and fiction","volume":"188","author":"Clark","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(03)00574-X","article-title":"Defining the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of neonatal encephalopathy and cerebral palsy","volume":"102","author":"Hankins","year":"2003","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.06.053","article-title":"Intrapartum electronic fetal heart rate monitoring and the identification of metabolic acidosis and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy","volume":"197","author":"Larma","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199603073341001","article-title":"Uncertain value of electronic fetal monitoring in predicting cerebral palsy","volume":"334","author":"Nelson","year":"1996","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"issue":"7172","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7172.1549","article-title":"Antepartum risk factors for newborn encephalopathy: the Western Australian case-control study","volume":"317","author":"Badawi","year":"1998","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"7172","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1554","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7172.1554","article-title":"Intrapartum risk factors for newborn encephalopathy: the Western Australian case-control study","volume":"317","author":"Badawi","year":"1998","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-867090","article-title":"Association of nonreassuring fetal heart rate patterns and subsequent cerebral palsy in pregnancies with intrauterine bacterial infection","volume":"22","author":"Sameshima","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib31","series-title":"Neonatal encephalopathy and cerebral palsy: defining pathogenesis and pathophysiology","author":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists\u2019 Task Force on Neonatal Encephalopathy, Cerebral Palsy and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, American Academy of Pediatrics","year":"2003"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib32","first-page":"1453","article-title":"ACOG practice bulletin. Clinical management guidelines for obstetrician-gynecologists, number 70, December 2005 (replaces practice bulletin number 62, May 2005). Intrapartum fetal heart rate monitoring","volume":"106","author":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists","year":"2005","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181aef106","article-title":"ACOG practice bulletin No. 106: intrapartum fetal heart rate monitoring: nomenclature, interpretation, and general management principles","volume":"114","author":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists","year":"2009","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib34","article-title":"Continuous cardiotocography (CTG) as a form of electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) for fetal assessment during labour","volume":"2","author":"Zarko","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181841395","article-title":"The 2008 National Institute of Child Health and Human Development workshop report on electronic fetal monitoring: update on definitions, interpretation, and research guidelines","volume":"112","author":"Macones","year":"2008","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181ab475f","article-title":"The 2008 National Institute of Child Health and Human Development report on fetal heart rate monitoring","volume":"114","author":"Parer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2009.06.026","article-title":"Graded classification of fetal heart rate tracings: association with neonatal metabolic acidosis and neurologic morbidity","volume":"202","author":"Elliott","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1669","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2008.01949.x","article-title":"Changes in the ST-interval segment of the fetal electrocardiogram in relation to acid-base status at birth","volume":"115","author":"Melin","year":"2008","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nurt.2007.04.003","article-title":"Beware: the misuse of technology and the law of unintended consequences","volume":"4","author":"Freeman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(15)33273-7","article-title":"A\u00a0controlled trial of fetal heart rate monitoring in a low-risk obstetric population","volume":"141","author":"Wood","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"}],"container-title":["Clinics in Perinatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0095510810001326?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0095510810001326?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,4]],"date-time":"2018-12-04T15:25:30Z","timestamp":1543937130000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0095510810001326"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,3]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0095510810001326"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clp.2010.12.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0095-5108"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0095-5108","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,3]]}}}