{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T19:52:47Z","timestamp":1790711567280,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Microbiology and Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,22]],"date-time":"2014-12-22T14:09:51Z","timestamp":1419257391000},"page":"96.e1-96.e7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["A retrospective serological survey on human babesiosis in Belgium"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"L.","family":"Lempereur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Shiels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Heyman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Moreau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Saegerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Losson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Malandrin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2008.03.001","article-title":"Babesiosis: recent insights into an ancient disease","volume":"38","author":"Hunfeld","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.16.4.622-636.2003","article-title":"Babesia divergens, a bovine blood parasite of veterinary and zoonotic importance","volume":"16","author":"Zintl","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1701.100737","article-title":"Babesiosis in immunocompetent patients, Europe","volume":"17","author":"Martinot","year":"2011","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0908.020748","article-title":"Molecular characterization of a non-Babesia divergens organism causing zoonotic babesiosis in Europe","volume":"9","author":"Herwaldt","year":"2003","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1308.061560","article-title":"Babesia sp. EU1 from roe deer and transmission within Ixodes ricinus","volume":"13","author":"Bonnet","year":"2007","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1107.040724","article-title":"Cervids as Babesiae hosts, Slovenia","volume":"11","author":"Duh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-007-0333-1","article-title":"First confirmed autochthonous case of human Babesia microti infection in Europe","volume":"26","author":"Hildebrandt","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2009.0189","article-title":"First molecular evidence of potentially zoonotic Babesia microti and Babesia sp. EU1 in Ixodes ricinus ticks in Belgium","volume":"11","author":"Lempereur","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2013.08.026","article-title":"Prevalence of Babesia and Anaplasma in ticks infesting dogs in Great Britain","volume":"198","author":"Smith","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2011.0722","article-title":"Wild cervids are host for tick vectors of Babesia species with zoonotic capability in Belgium","volume":"12","author":"Lempereur","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2013.01.004","article-title":"Detection of tick-borne pathogens in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), in questing ticks (Ixodes ricinus), and in ticks infesting roe deer in southern Germany","volume":"4","author":"Overzier","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-011-2657-0","article-title":"Longitudinal field study on bovine Babesia spp. and Anaplasma phagocytophilum infections during a grazing season in Belgium","volume":"10","author":"Lempereur","year":"2012","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib13","first-page":"4","article-title":"Small risk of developing symptomatic tick-borne diseases following a tick bite in The Netherlands","volume":"10","author":"Tijsse-Klasen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0807.010459","article-title":"Entomologic and serologic evidence of zoonotic transmission of Babesia microti, eastern Switzerland","volume":"8","author":"Foppa","year":"2002","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2010.0103","article-title":"Questing ticks in suburban forest are infected by at least six tick-borne pathogens","volume":"11","author":"Reis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2008.0047","article-title":"Persistent detection of Babesia EU1 and Babesia microti in Ixodes ricinus in the Netherlands during a 5-year surveillance: 2003\u20132007","volume":"9","author":"Wielinga","year":"2009","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib17","first-page":"52","article-title":"Detection of Babesia divergens in southern Norway by using an immunofluorescence antibody test in cow sera","volume":"6","author":"Hasle","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Vet Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2012.1136","article-title":"Co-infection and genetic diversity of tick-borne pathogens in roe deer from Poland","volume":"13","author":"Welc-Fal\u0119ciak","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.7589\/0090-3558-48.2.416","article-title":"Antibody prevalence and molecular identification of Babesia spp. in roe deer in France","volume":"48","author":"Bastian","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Wildl Dis"},{"issue":"Pt 2","key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182002002743","article-title":"The molecular evidence of Babesia microti infection in small mammals collected in Slovenia","volume":"126","author":"Duh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib21","series-title":"Parasitological topics: A presentation volume to P.C.C. Garnham, F.R.S., on the occasion of his 80th Birthday 1981","first-page":"32","article-title":"Bab\u00e9sioses et Rickettsioses [French]","author":"Jadin","year":"1981"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2431","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.7.2431-2436.2002","article-title":"Seroprevalence of Babesia infections in humans exposed to ticks in midwestern Germany","volume":"40","author":"Hunfeld","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2008.03.001","article-title":"Seroprevalence of Babesia divergens infection among forestry workers in Slovenia","volume":"298","author":"Rojko","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib24","first-page":"421","article-title":"La Bab\u00e9siose bovine en Belgique. Une enqu\u00eate s\u00e9rologique en zone d'end\u00e9mie [French]","volume":"133","author":"Losson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann Med Vet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/1995023257","article-title":"Babesia divergens: an ELISA with soluble parasite antigen for monitoring the epidemiology of bovine babesiosis","volume":"2","author":"Chauvin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Parasite"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1051\/vetres:2003047","article-title":"Isolation of Babesia divergens from carrier cattle blood using in\u00a0vitro culture","volume":"35","author":"Malandrin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1607.091905","article-title":"Fatal babesiosis in man, Finland, 2004","volume":"16","author":"Haapasalo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182006001387","article-title":"Evaluation of an indirect fluorescence immunoassay for the detection of serum antibodies against Babesia divergens in humans","volume":"134","author":"Duh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2006.01.038","article-title":"Genetic basis for GPI-anchor merozoite surface antigen polymorphism of Babesia and resulting antigenic diversity","volume":"138","author":"Carcy","year":"2006","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7519(99)00042-9","article-title":"Tick modulation of host immunity: an important factor in pathogen transmission","volume":"29","author":"Wikel","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00022-10","article-title":"Transfusion-transmitted Babesia spp.: bull's-eye on Babesia microti","volume":"24","author":"Leiby","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"}],"container-title":["Clinical Microbiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1198743X1400007X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1198743X1400007X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,26]],"date-time":"2018-09-26T16:23:05Z","timestamp":1537978985000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1198743X1400007X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1198743X1400007X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmi.2014.07.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["1198-743X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1198-743X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]}}}