{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T02:26:03Z","timestamp":1791858363397,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":134,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,1]],"date-time":"2016-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1462060800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,1]],"date-time":"2017-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1493596800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000403","name":"Meningitis Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000403","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Microbiology and Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,9]],"date-time":"2016-04-09T15:11:53Z","timestamp":1460214713000},"page":"S37-S62","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":779,"special_numbering":"S3","title":["ESCMID guideline: diagnosis and treatment of acute bacterial meningitis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"D.","family":"van de Beek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Cabellos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Dzupova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Esposito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.T.","family":"Kloek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.L.","family":"Leib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Mourvillier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Ostergaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Pagliano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.W.","family":"Pfister","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.C.","family":"Read","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O. Resat","family":"Sipahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.C.","family":"Brouwer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1703","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61187-8","article-title":"Effect of vaccines on bacterial meningitis worldwide","volume":"380","author":"McIntyre","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00070-09","article-title":"Epidemiology, diagnosis, and antimicrobial treatment of acute bacterial meningitis","volume":"23","author":"Brouwer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61186-6","article-title":"Advances in treatment of bacterial meningitis","volume":"380","author":"van de Beek","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib4","series-title":"Bacterial meningitis in the Netherlands annual report 2010","author":"Netherlands Reference Laboratory for Bacterial Meningitis (AMC\/RIVM)","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-1132","article-title":"Neonatal meningitis: what is the correlation among cerebrospinal fluid cultures, blood cultures, and cerebrospinal fluid parameters?","volume":"117","author":"Garges","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib6","first-page":"1659","article-title":"Effectiveness of intrapartum penicillin prophylaxis in preventing early-onset group B streptococcal infection: results of a meta-analysis","volume":"149","author":"Allen","year":"1993","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2004.tb02933.x","article-title":"Clinical features and epidemiology of septicaemia and meningitis in neonates due to Streptococcus agalactiae in Copenhagen County, Denmark: a 10 year survey from 1992 to 2001","volume":"93","author":"Andersen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200001063420103","article-title":"Group B streptococcal disease in the era of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis","volume":"342","author":"Schrag","year":"2000","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib9","first-page":"109","article-title":"Trends in perinatal group B streptococcal disease\u2014United States, 2000\u20132006","volume":"58","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2009","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit337","article-title":"Emerging trends in the epidemiology of invasive group B streptococcal disease in England and Wales, 1991\u20132010","volume":"57","author":"Lamagni","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)70919-3","article-title":"Increasing incidence and pathogen genotype redistribution of invasive group B streptococcal disease in newborns: a 25-year nationwide surveillance study in the Netherlands","volume":"14","author":"Bekker","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e150","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu514","article-title":"Incidence, etiology, and outcome of bacterial meningitis in infants aged <90 days in the United kingdom and Republic of Ireland: prospective, enhanced, national population-based surveillance","volume":"59","author":"Okike","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3181fab1e7","article-title":"Neonatal bacterial meningitis: 444 cases in 7 years","volume":"30","author":"Gaschignard","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1016\/S1695-4033(02)77864-8","article-title":"[Neonatal meningitis. Epidemiological study of the Grupo de Hospitales Castrillo]","volume":"56","year":"2002","journal-title":"An Esp Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2009.03.006","article-title":"[Epidemiology of pediatric bacterial meningitis in France]","volume":"39","author":"Levy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Med Mal Infect."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu601","article-title":"A\u00a0decade of herd protection after introduction of meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccination","volume":"59","author":"Bijlsma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1086\/527401","article-title":"Impact of meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccines on carriage and herd immunity","volume":"197","author":"Maiden","year":"2008","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)70806-0","article-title":"Epidemiology of invasive meningococcal disease in the Netherlands, 1960\u20132012: an analysis of national surveillance data","volume":"14","author":"Bijlsma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)70027-1","article-title":"Hospital admission rates for meningitis and septicaemia caused by Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae in children in England over five decades: a population-based observational study","volume":"14","author":"Martin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"Suppl.\u00a03","key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0929-693X(08)75491-5","article-title":"[Surveillance network of bacterial meningitis in children, 7 years of survey in France]","volume":"15","author":"Levy","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540802325914","article-title":"Surveillance of bacterial meningitis in children under 2 y of age in Denmark, 1997\u20132006","volume":"40","author":"Howitz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-012-1733-5","article-title":"Factors influencing neurological outcome of children with bacterial meningitis at the emergency department","volume":"171","author":"Bargui","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1086\/594125","article-title":"Epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease among adult patients in barcelona before and after pediatric 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introduction, 1997\u20132007","volume":"48","author":"Ardanuy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit250","article-title":"Listeria monocytogenes sequence type 6 and increased rate of unfavorable outcome in meningitis: epidemiologic cohort study","volume":"57","author":"Koopmans","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.3109\/00365548.2014.887223","article-title":"Dexamethasone treatment and prognostic factors in community-acquired bacterial meningitis: a Danish retrospective population-based cohort study","volume":"46","author":"Bodilsen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1159\/000109595","article-title":"Pooled analysis of 2,408 cases of acute adult purulent meningitis from Turkey","volume":"17","author":"Arda","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med Princ Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268805005595","article-title":"Changing epidemiology of bacterial meningitis among adults in England and Wales 1991\u20132002","volume":"134","author":"Gjini","year":"2006","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540902849391","article-title":"Acute bacterial meningitis in adults: predictors of outcome","volume":"41","author":"Dzupova","year":"2009","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2013.02.009","article-title":"Bacterial meningitis in adults after splenectomy and hyposplenic states","volume":"88","author":"Adriani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2007.01839.x","article-title":"Community-acquired bacterial meningitis in cirrhotic patients","volume":"14","author":"Cabellos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3181adcb01","article-title":"Bacterial meningitis in HIV-1-infected patients in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy","volume":"51","author":"Domingo","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(08)70261-5","article-title":"Host genetic susceptibility to pneumococcal and meningococcal disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Brouwer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.2652","article-title":"Neonatal bacterial meningitis in Turkey: epidemiology, risk factors, and prognosis","volume":"7","author":"Kavuncuoglu","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect Dev Ctries"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2007.09.012","article-title":"Epidemiology and outcomes of bacterial meningitis in Mexican children: 10-year experience (1993\u20132003)","volume":"12","author":"Franco-Paredes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-11-214","article-title":"Prognostic factors related to sequelae in childhood bacterial meningitis: data from a Greek meningitis registry","volume":"11","author":"Vasilopoulou","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.3109\/00365548.2013.817680","article-title":"Bacterial meningitis in children in Iceland, 1975\u20132010: a nationwide epidemiological study","volume":"45","author":"Snaebjarnardottir","year":"2013","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2008.00117.x","article-title":"Children with bacterial meningitis presenting to the emergency department during the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine era","volume":"15","author":"Nigrovic","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acad Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073811413280","article-title":"Mortality from bacterial meningitis in children in Kosovo","volume":"27","author":"Namani","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Child Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-0277","article-title":"Clinical features suggestive of meningitis in children: a systematic review of prospective data","volume":"126","author":"Curtis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1684","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)61185-4","article-title":"Dilemmas in the diagnosis of acute community-acquired bacterial meningitis","volume":"380","author":"Brouwer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1849","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040845","article-title":"Clinical features and prognostic factors in adults with bacterial meningitis","volume":"351","author":"van de Beek","year":"2004","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-007-0381-6","article-title":"Prognostic factors in adult community-acquired bacterial meningitis: a 4-year retrospective study","volume":"26","author":"Dauchy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib43","first-page":"147","article-title":"The changing pattern of bacterial meningitis in adult patients at a large tertiary university hospital in Barcelona, Spain (1982\u20132010)","volume":"66","author":"Domingo","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1997.00440250077009","article-title":"Acute bacterial meningitis in adults. A 20-year overview","volume":"157","author":"Sigurdardottir","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib45","first-page":"102","article-title":"Risk score for identifying adults with CSF pleocytosis and negative CSF Gram stain at low risk for an urgent treatable cause","volume":"67","author":"Hasbun","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199309000-00017","article-title":"Lack of clinical usefulness of a positive latex agglutination test for Neisseria meningitidis\/Escherichia coli antigens in the urine","volume":"12","author":"Boyer","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1080\/080352501750258649","article-title":"Prediction of bacterial meningitis in children with meningeal signs: reduction of lumbar punctures","volume":"90","author":"Oostenbrink","year":"2001","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.110.4.712","article-title":"Development and validation of a multivariable predictive model to distinguish bacterial from aseptic meningitis in children in the post\u2013Haemophilus influenzae era","volume":"110","author":"Nigrovic","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000129689.58211.9e","article-title":"Differentiating acute bacterial meningitis from acute viral meningitis among children with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis: a multivariable regression model","volume":"23","author":"Bonsu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02116518","article-title":"Multivariate approach to differential diagnosis of acute meningitis","volume":"14","author":"Hoen","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2700","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1989.03430190084036","article-title":"Differential diagnosis of acute meningitis. An analysis of the predictive value of initial observations","volume":"262","author":"Spanos","year":"1989","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"Suppl.\u00a03","key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S126","DOI":"10.1016\/S0929-693X(08)75495-2","article-title":"[Group B streptococcal meningitis\u2019 clinical, biological and evolutive features in children]","volume":"15","author":"Georget-Bouquinet","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31826e2684","article-title":"Adjunctive dexamethasone in adults with meningococcal meningitis","volume":"79","author":"Heckenberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.162.12.1157","article-title":"Serum procalcitonin level and other biological markers to distinguish between bacterial and aseptic meningitis in children: a European multicenter case cohort study","volume":"162","author":"Dubos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0b013e318180a6b4","article-title":"Clinical features, outcome, and meningococcal genotype in 258 adults with meningococcal meningitis: a prospective cohort study","volume":"87","author":"Heckenberg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-5-93","article-title":"Clinical presentation and prognostic factors of Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis according to the focus of infection","volume":"5","author":"Ostergaard","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-3275","article-title":"Effect of antibiotic pretreatment on cerebrospinal fluid profiles of children with bacterial meningitis","volume":"122","author":"Nigrovic","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R240","DOI":"10.1186\/cc9395","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid lactate concentration to distinguish bacterial from aseptic meningitis: a systemic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Huy","year":"2010","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib59","first-page":"255","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of cerebrospinal fluid lactate for differentiating bacterial meningitis from aseptic meningitis: a meta-analysis","volume":"62","author":"Sakushima","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib60","first-page":"315","article-title":"[Viral encephalitis. Experiences with 53 patients in Middle Hessia]","volume":"56","author":"Buttner","year":"1988","journal-title":"Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1188","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2005.075317","article-title":"The significance of elevated CSF lactate","volume":"90","author":"Chow","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib62","first-page":"193","article-title":"875 cases of bacterial meningitis: diagnostic procedures and the impact of preadmission antibiotic therapy. Part III of a three-part series","volume":"7","author":"Bohr","year":"1983","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/12.1.128","article-title":"Etiology and mortality of bacterial meningitis in northeastern Brazil","volume":"12","author":"Bryan","year":"1990","journal-title":"Rev Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1617","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.36.6.1617-1620.1998","article-title":"Microscopic examination and broth culture of cerebrospinal fluid in diagnosis of meningitis","volume":"36","author":"Dunbar","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib65","first-page":"21","article-title":"Eight hundred and seventy-five cases of bacterial meningitis. Part I of a three-part series: clinical data, prognosis, and the role of specialised hospital departments","volume":"7","author":"Bohr","year":"1983","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.4.1553-1558.2001","article-title":"Simultaneous detection of Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, and Streptococcus pneumoniae in suspected cases of meningitis and septicemia using real-time PCR","volume":"39","author":"Corless","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2005.01109.x","article-title":"Simultaneous single-tube PCR assay for the detection of Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae type b and Streptococcus pneumoniae","volume":"11","author":"Tzanakaki","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1086\/426436","article-title":"Bacterial meningitis in Burkina Faso: surveillance using field-based polymerase chain reaction testing","volume":"40","author":"Parent du Ch\u00e2telet","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib69","first-page":"385","article-title":"Added value of PCR-testing for confirmation of invasive meningococcal disease in England","volume":"67","author":"Heinsbroek","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2008.10.008","article-title":"Polymerase chain reaction for diagnosis and serogrouping of meningococcal disease in children","volume":"63","author":"Munoz-Almagro","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2010.09.006","article-title":"Use of 2 pneumococcal common protein real-time polymerase chain reaction assays in healthy children colonized with Streptococcus pneumoniae","volume":"70","author":"Rouphael","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6976.2006.00048.x","article-title":"Standardized nonculture techniques recommended for European reference laboratories","volume":"31","author":"Fox","year":"2007","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3917","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01072-11","article-title":"Diagnosis of Listeria monocytogenes meningoencephalitis by real-time PCR for the hly gene","volume":"49","author":"Le Monnier","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000135679.98790.14","article-title":"Cerebrospinal latex agglutination fails to contribute to the microbiologic diagnosis of pretreated children with meningitis","volume":"23","author":"Nigrovic","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1086\/321885","article-title":"Lack of sensitivity of the latex agglutination test to detect bacterial antigen in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with culture-negative meningitis","volume":"33","author":"Tarafdar","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1486","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.33.6.1486-1491.1995","article-title":"Rapid bacterial antigen detection is not clinically useful","volume":"33","author":"Perkins","year":"1995","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000190030.75892.78","article-title":"Rapid diagnosis of pneumococcal meningitis: implications for treatment and measuring disease burden","volume":"24","author":"Saha","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"issue":"Suppl.\u00a02","key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S49","DOI":"10.1086\/596481","article-title":"Enhanced diagnosis of pneumococcal meningitis with use of the Binax NOW immunochromatographic test of Streptococcus pneumoniae antigen: a multisite study","volume":"48","author":"Moisi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)06368-1","article-title":"False-positive pneumococcal antigen test in meningitis diagnosis","volume":"358","author":"Alonso-Tarres","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(99)70288-X","article-title":"C-reactive protein is useful in distinguishing Gram stain\u2013negative bacterial meningitis from viral meningitis in children","volume":"134","author":"Sormunen","year":"1999","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1313","DOI":"10.1086\/514793","article-title":"High sensitivity and specificity of serum procalcitonin levels in adults with bacterial meningitis","volume":"28","author":"Viallon","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa010399","article-title":"Computed tomography of the head before lumbar puncture in adults with suspected meningitis","volume":"345","author":"Hasbun","year":"2001","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-129-11_Part_1-199812010-00004","article-title":"Community-acquired bacterial meningitis: risk stratification for adverse clinical outcome and effect of antibiotic timing","volume":"129","author":"Aronin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hci047","article-title":"Delays in the administration of antibiotics are associated with mortality from adult acute bacterial meningitis","volume":"98","author":"Proulx","year":"2005","journal-title":"QJM"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra052116","article-title":"Community-acquired bacterial meningitis in adults","volume":"354","author":"van de Beek","year":"2006","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2005.06.010","article-title":"Rifampicin\u00a0+ ceftriaxone versus vancomycin\u00a0+ ceftriaxone in the treatment of penicillin- and cephalosporin-resistant pneumococcal meningitis in an experimental rabbit model","volume":"26","author":"Suntur","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2003.07.015","article-title":"Evaluation of a triple-drug combination for treatment of experimental multidrug-resistant pneumococcal meningitis","volume":"23","author":"Lee","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1630","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.37.8.1630","article-title":"Evaluation of antimicrobial regimens for treatment of experimental penicillin- and cephalosporin-resistant pneumococcal meningitis","volume":"37","author":"Friedland","year":"1993","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2013.09.012","article-title":"Mortality indicators in pneumococcal meningitis: therapeutic implications","volume":"19","author":"Erdem","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.44629","article-title":"Clinical features, laboratory data, management and the risk factors that affect the mortality in patients with postoperative meningitis","volume":"56","author":"Erdem","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurol India"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2000.tb00360.x","article-title":"Neisseria meningitidis: evolution of penicillin resistance and phenotype in a children\u2019s hospital in Barcelona, Spain","volume":"89","author":"Latorre","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1997.tb08826.x","article-title":"Clinical data in children with meningococcal meningitis in a Spanish hospital","volume":"86","author":"Luaces","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1086\/425368","article-title":"Practice guidelines for the management of bacterial meningitis","volume":"39","author":"Tunkel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1080\/00365540902744766","article-title":"Community acquired Staphylococcus aureus meningitis in adults","volume":"41","author":"Brouwer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Scand J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2008.151563","article-title":"Short versus long duration of antibiotic therapy for bacterial meningitis: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials in children","volume":"94","author":"Karageorgopoulos","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1837","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60580-1","article-title":"5 versus 10 days of treatment with ceftriaxone for bacterial meningitis in children: a double-blind randomised equivalence study","volume":"377","author":"Molyneux","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(11)70055-X","article-title":"Slow initial beta-lactam infusion and oral paracetamol to treat childhood bacterial meningitis: a randomised, controlled trial","volume":"11","author":"Pelkonen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00008-11","article-title":"Pathogenesis and pathophysiology of pneumococcal meningitis","volume":"24","author":"Mook-Kanamori","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib99","first-page":"CD004405","article-title":"Corticosteroids for acute bacterial meningitis","volume":"6","author":"Brouwer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1007\/s12098-012-0875-9","article-title":"Role of dexamethasone in neonatal meningitis: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"80","author":"Mathur","year":"2013","journal-title":"Indian J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021334","article-title":"Dexamethasone in adults with bacterial meningitis","volume":"347","author":"de Gans","year":"2002","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2431","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa070852","article-title":"Dexamethasone in Vietnamese adolescents and adults with bacterial meningitis","volume":"357","author":"Nguyen","year":"2007","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70023-5","article-title":"Adjunctive dexamethasone in bacterial meningitis: a meta-analysis of individual patient data","volume":"9","author":"van de Beek","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib104","first-page":"CD008806","article-title":"Osmotic therapies added to antibiotics for acute bacterial meningitis","volume":"3","author":"Wall","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01709471","article-title":"Prognostic factors associated with improved outcome of Escherichia coli bacteremia in a Finnish university hospital","volume":"16","author":"Kuikka","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000000122","article-title":"Glycerol and acetaminophen as adjuvant therapy did not affect the outcome of bacterial meningitis in Malawian children","volume":"33","author":"Molyneux","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2174","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.280506","article-title":"Induced hypothermia in severe bacterial meningitis: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"310","author":"Mourvillier","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e91976","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0091976","article-title":"Neuro-intensive treatment targeting intracranial hypertension improves outcome in severe bacterial meningitis: an intervention\u2013control study","volume":"9","author":"Glimaker","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-013-9853-y","article-title":"Lumbar drainage for the treatment of severe bacterial meningitis","volume":"19","author":"Abulhasan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.2011.02460.x","article-title":"Neurointensive care of patients with severe community-acquired meningitis","volume":"55","author":"Edberg","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R331","DOI":"10.1186\/cc3538","article-title":"Drotrecogin alfa (activated) in patients with severe sepsis presenting with purpura fulminans, meningitis, or meningococcal disease: a retrospective analysis of patients enrolled in recent clinical studies","volume":"9","author":"Vincent","year":"2005","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.6101.1522","article-title":"Failure of heparin to alter the outcome of pneumococcal meningitis","volume":"2","author":"Macfarlane","year":"1977","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib113","first-page":"CD004785","article-title":"Antibiotics for preventing meningococcal infections","volume":"10","author":"Zalmanovici","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e46","DOI":"10.1086\/520682","article-title":"Community-acquired recurrent bacterial meningitis in adults","volume":"45","author":"Adriani","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00009-08","article-title":"Epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, and diagnosis of recurrent bacterial meningitis","volume":"21","author":"Tebruegge","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib116","first-page":"350","article-title":"Repeated lumbar puncture in adults with pneumococcal meningitis: an observational study","volume":"67","author":"Denneman","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-13-321","article-title":"Hydrocephalus is a rare outcome in community-acquired bacterial meningitis in adults: a retrospective analysis","volume":"13","author":"Bodilsen","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2013.12.005","article-title":"Stroke in community-acquired bacterial meningitis: a Danish population-based study","volume":"20","author":"Bodilsen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e45271","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0045271","article-title":"Intracerebral hemorrhages in adults with community associated bacterial meningitis in adults: should we reconsider anticoagulant therapy?","volume":"7","author":"Mook-Kanamori","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-011-9634-4","article-title":"Cerebral infarction in adults with bacterial meningitis","volume":"16","author":"Schut","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurocrit Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2109","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000288178.91614.5d","article-title":"Seizures in adults with bacterial meningitis","volume":"70","author":"Zoons","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2133","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182752d0e","article-title":"Subdural empyema in bacterial meningitis","volume":"79","author":"Jim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib123","first-page":"236","article-title":"Cerebral abscesses in patients with bacterial meningitis","volume":"64","author":"Jim","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31827e83af","article-title":"Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock: 2012","volume":"41","author":"Dellinger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3181e598ea","article-title":"Prospective cohort study of disabling sequelae and quality of life in children with bacterial meningitis in urban Senegal","volume":"29","author":"Edmond","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.3109\/03005369309077889","article-title":"Hearing impairment in children after bacterial meningitis: incidence and resource implications","volume":"27","author":"Fortnum","year":"1993","journal-title":"Br J Audiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03668.x","article-title":"Hearing loss in adults surviving pneumococcal meningitis is associated with otitis and pneumococcal serotype","volume":"18","author":"Heckenberg","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1086\/656409","article-title":"Factors associated with the occurrence of hearing loss after pneumococcal meningitis","volume":"51","author":"Worsoe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"Suppl.\u00a02","key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S90","DOI":"10.1086\/596545","article-title":"Neurodevelopmental sequelae in pneumococcal meningitis cases in Bangladesh: a comprehensive follow-up study","volume":"48","author":"Saha","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2004.00484.x","article-title":"Pneumococcal meningitis in Western Australian children: epidemiology, microbiology and outcome","volume":"40","author":"King","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Paediatr Child Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2003.036921","article-title":"Twenty year surveillance of invasive pneumococcal disease in Nottingham: serogroups responsible and implications for immunisation","volume":"89","author":"Ispahani","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2004.tb02939.x","article-title":"Prediction of academic and behavioural limitations in school-age survivors of bacterial meningitis","volume":"93","author":"Koomen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2006.110023","article-title":"Cognitive outcome in adults after bacterial meningitis","volume":"78","author":"Hoogman","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007_bib134","first-page":"330","article-title":"Cognitive functioning and quality of life nine years after bacterial meningitis","volume":"61","author":"Schmand","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect"}],"container-title":["Clinical Microbiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1198743X16000203?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1198743X16000203?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,17]],"date-time":"2022-06-17T09:29:51Z","timestamp":1655458191000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1198743X16000203"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"references-count":134,"alternative-id":["S1198743X16000203"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmi.2016.01.007","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.726904509.793544013","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1198-743X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1198-743X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]}}}