{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T15:32:13Z","timestamp":1784302333273,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,2]],"date-time":"2021-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630540800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":366,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalmicrobiologyandinfection.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Microbiology and Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,21]],"date-time":"2020-02-21T04:38:28Z","timestamp":1582259908000},"page":"1255.e1-1255.e8","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["A pharmacometric approach to define target site-specific breakpoints for bacterial killing and resistance suppression integrating microdialysis, time\u2013kill curves and heteroresistance data: a case study with moxifloxacin"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"K.","family":"Iqbal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Broeker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Nowak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Rahmel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Nussbaumer-Pr\u00f6ll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Z.","family":"\u00d6sterreicher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Zeitlinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.G.","family":"Wicha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2011.03752.x","article-title":"The role of pharmacokinetics\/pharmacodynamics in setting clinical MIC breakpoints: the EUCAST approach","volume":"18","author":"Mouton","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4619","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00182-11","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic\/pharmacodynamic (PK\/PD) indices of antibiotics predicted by a semimechanistic PKPD model: a step toward model-based dose optimization","volume":"55","author":"Nielsen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2681","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkz259","article-title":"Repeated determination of moxifloxacin concentrations in interstitial space fluid of muscle and subcutis in septic patients","volume":"74","author":"Nowak","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib4","article-title":"M07-A10: methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically","volume":"35","year":"2015","journal-title":"Approved Stand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2014.07.028","article-title":"Concentration\u2013response studies and modelling of the pharmacodynamics of linezolid: Staphylococcus aureus versus Enterococcus faecium","volume":"45","author":"Scheerans","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Antimicrob Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2410","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-015-1632-3","article-title":"Pharmacodynamic and response surface analysis of linezolid or vancomycin combined with meropenem against Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"32","author":"Wicha","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharm Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2005.04.005","article-title":"PsN-Toolkit\u2014a collection of computer intensive statistical methods for non-linear mixed effect modeling using NONMEM","volume":"79","author":"Lindbom","year":"2005","journal-title":"Comput Methods Programs Biomed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1208\/s12248-011-9255-z","article-title":"Prediction-corrected visual predictive checks for diagnosing nonlinear mixed-effects models","volume":"13","author":"Bergstrand","year":"2011","journal-title":"AAPS J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1007\/s10928-016-9487-8","article-title":"Improving the estimation of parameter uncertainty distributions in nonlinear mixed effects models using sampling importance resampling","volume":"43","author":"Dosne","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pharmacokinet Pharmacodyn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1007\/s10928-012-9280-2","article-title":"Applications of minimal physiologically-based pharmacokinetic models","volume":"39","author":"Cao","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pharmacokinet Pharmacodyn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1698","DOI":"10.1023\/B:PHAM.0000041468.00587.c6","article-title":"An Integrated model for the analysis of pharmacokinetic data from microdialysis experiments","volume":"21","author":"Tunblad","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pharm Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib12","first-page":"130","article-title":"Annals of the ICRP 60","volume":"60","year":"2012","journal-title":"Compend Dose Coefficients Based ICRP Publ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.1102","article-title":"Forecasting clinical dose-response from preclinical studies in tuberculosis research: translational predictions with rifampicin","volume":"104","author":"Wicha","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S127","DOI":"10.1086\/428053","article-title":"Clinical implications of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of fluoroquinolones","volume":"41","author":"Wispelwey","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.37.3.483","article-title":"Pharmacodynamics of a fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agent in a neutropenic rat model of pseudomonas sepsis","volume":"37","author":"Drusano","year":"1993","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1604","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.5.1604-1613.2003","article-title":"In\u00a0vitro pharmacodynamic evaluation of the mutant selection window hypothesis using four fluoroquinolones against Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"47","author":"Firsov","year":"2003","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkp247","article-title":"Pharmacodynamics of moxifloxacin against a high inoculum of Escherichia coli in an in\u00a0vitro infection model","volume":"64","author":"Singh","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib18","series-title":"Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters, version 9.0","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(12)70264-5","article-title":"Intensified regimen containing rifampicin and moxifloxacin for tuberculous meningitis: an open-label, randomised controlled phase 2 trial","volume":"13","author":"Ruslami","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2060","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.42.8.2060","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of ascending single doses of moxifloxacin, a new 8-methoxy quinolone, administered to healthy subjects","volume":"42","author":"Stass","year":"1998","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1002\/jcph.464","article-title":"Population pharmacokinetics and target attainment analysis of moxifloxacin in patients with diabetic foot infections","volume":"55","author":"Wicha","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1002\/jcph.1445","article-title":"Is moxifloxacin a treatment option for pancreatic infections? A pharmacometric analysis of serum and pancreatic juice","volume":"59","author":"Wicha","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1002\/psp4.12446","article-title":"Application of physiologically-based and population pharmacokinetic modeling for dose finding and confirmation during the pediatric development of moxifloxacin","volume":"8","author":"Willmann","year":"2019","journal-title":"CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2014.06.001","article-title":"Population pharmacokinetics of intravenous moxifloxacin 400 mg once-daily dosage in infected patients","volume":"20","author":"Zhu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.2165\/00003088-200948030-00004","article-title":"Defining the role of macrophages in local moxifloxacin tissue concentrations using biopsy data and whole-body physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling","volume":"48","author":"Edginton","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1007\/s40262-016-0463-7","article-title":"Clinical determinants of target non-attainment of linezolid in plasma and interstitial space fluid: a pooled population pharmacokinetic analysis with focus on critically ill patients","volume":"56","author":"Minichmayr","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacokinet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-019-01647-w","article-title":"A\u00a0population pharmacokinetic model of intravenous telavancin in healthy individuals to assess tissue exposure","volume":"392","author":"Ullah","year":"2019","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1975","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkz139","article-title":"Reassessing the dosing of cefoxitin prophylaxis during major abdominal surgery: insights from microdialysis and population pharmacokinetic modelling","volume":"74","author":"Boisson","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.37.5.1073","article-title":"Pharmacodynamics of intravenous ciprofloxacin in seriously ill patients","volume":"37","author":"Forrest","year":"1993","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"}],"container-title":["Clinical Microbiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1198743X20300938?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1198743X20300938?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T07:25:12Z","timestamp":1761117912000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1198743X20300938"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S1198743X20300938"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013","relation":{},"ISSN":["1198-743X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1198-743X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"A pharmacometric approach to define target site-specific breakpoints for bacterial killing and resistance suppression integrating microdialysis, time\u2013kill curves and heteroresistance data: a case study with moxifloxacin","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.02.013","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}