{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T03:25:19Z","timestamp":1775100319081,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,14]],"date-time":"2020-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586822400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Academy of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010129","name":"Maud Kuistilan Muistos\u00e4\u00e4ti\u00f6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015158","name":"Fondren Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015158","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalmicrobiologyandinfection.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Microbiology and Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,11]],"date-time":"2020-04-11T11:13:14Z","timestamp":1586603594000},"page":"420-427","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Genetic evolution of invasive emm28 Streptococcus pyogenes strains and significant association with puerperal infections in young women in Finland"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"K.","family":"Gr\u00f6ndahl-Yli-Hannuksela","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.B.","family":"Beres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.-L.","family":"Hyyryl\u00e4inen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Kallonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.M.","family":"Musser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Vuopio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(05)70267-X","article-title":"The global burden of group A streptococcal diseases","volume":"5","author":"Carapetis","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.2165\/11634180-000000000-00000","article-title":"Invasive group a streptococcal disease: epidemiology, pathogenesis and management","volume":"72","author":"Steer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(09)70178-1","article-title":"Global emm type distribution of group A streptococci: systematic review and implications for vaccine development","volume":"9","author":"Steer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1768","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1403138111","article-title":"Evolutionary pathway to increased virulence and epidemic group A Streptococcus disease derived from 3,615 genome sequences","volume":"111","author":"Nasser","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00622-15","article-title":"Emergence of a new highly successful acapsular Group A Streptococcus clade of genotype emm89 in the United Kingdom","volume":"6","author":"Turner","year":"2015","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02155-08","article-title":"Clinical and microbiological characteristics of severe Streptococcus pyogenes disease in Europe","volume":"47","author":"Luca-Harari","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2131","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-015-2462-2","article-title":"Epidemiology and emm types of invasive group A streptococcal infections in Finland, 2008-2013","volume":"34","author":"Smit","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1987","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiw468","article-title":"Genomic tracks behind spread of bacteremic Group A Streptococcus type emm89 in Finland, 2004\u20132014","volume":"214","author":"Latronico","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2018.00059","article-title":"Prevalent emm types among invasive GAS in Europe and North America since year 2000","volume":"6","author":"Gherardi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw248","article-title":"Epidemiology of invasive group A streptococcal infections in the United States, 2005\u20132012","volume":"63","author":"Nelson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1639","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-016-2704-y","article-title":"Epidemiology of invasive group A streptococcal infections in Norway 2010-2014: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"35","author":"Naseer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20443","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES2013.18.14.20443","article-title":"Increased incidence of invasive group A streptococcal infections in Sweden, January 2012\u2013February 2013","volume":"18","author":"Darenberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20784","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES2014.19.17.20784","article-title":"Invasive infections due to Streptococcus pyogenes: seasonal variation of severity and clinical characteristics, Iceland, 1975 to 2012","volume":"19","author":"Olafsdottir","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eurosurveillance"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-39-3-165","article-title":"The serotypes of Streptococcus pyogenes present in Britain during 1980-1990 and their association with disease","volume":"39","author":"Colman","year":"1993","journal-title":"J\u00a0Med Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1086\/342062","article-title":"Population-based surveillance for postpartum invasive group a streptococcus infections, 1995-2000","volume":"35","author":"Chuang","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit282","article-title":"Pregnancy-related group a streptococcal infections: temporal relationships between bacterial acquisition, infection onset, clinical findings, and outcome","volume":"57","author":"Hamilton","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-026336","article-title":"Fertility rates and the postponement of first births: a descriptive study with Finnish population data","volume":"9","author":"Roustaei","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-018-0343-1","article-title":"Integrated analysis of population genomics, transcriptomics and virulence provides novel insights into Streptococcus pyogenes pathogenesis","volume":"51","author":"Kachroo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.46690-0","article-title":"Emm typing of invasive T28 group A streptococci, 1995\u20132004, Finland","volume":"55","author":"Siljander","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Med Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib21","first-page":"1","article-title":"The fall and rise of Group A Streptococcus diseases","author":"Barnett","year":"2018","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00403-16","article-title":"Transcriptome remodeling contributes to epidemic disease caused by the human pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes","volume":"7","author":"Beres","year":"2016","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.000622","article-title":"Genome sequence analysis of emm89 Streptococcus pyogenes strains causing infections in Scotland, 2010-2016","volume":"66","author":"Beres","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Med Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-010-0989-9","article-title":"Epidemiology, outcome and emm types of invasive group A streptococcal infections in Finland","volume":"29","author":"Siljander","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib25","series-title":"Streptococcus pyogenes: basic biology to clinical manifestations Oklahoma city (OK)","article-title":"Epidemiology of Streptococcus pyogenes","author":"Efstratiou","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir325","article-title":"Incidence and severity of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae, group A Streptococcus, and group B Streptococcus infections among pregnant and postpartum women","volume":"53","author":"Deutscher","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2008.02672.x","article-title":"Clinical presentations and epidemiology of beta-haemolytic streptococcal bacteraemia: a population-based study","volume":"15","author":"Rantala","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01378-15","article-title":"Trading capsule for increased cytotoxin production: contribution to virulence of a newly emerged clade of emm89 Streptococcus pyogenes","volume":"6","author":"Zhu","year":"2015","journal-title":"MBio"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2011.01083.x","article-title":"Postpartum group A Streptococcus sepsis and maternal immunology","volume":"67","author":"Mason","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1086\/430618","article-title":"Genome sequence of a serotype M28 strain of group A streptococcus: potential new insights into puerperal sepsis and bacterial disease specificity","volume":"192","author":"Green","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-11-65","article-title":"Lateral gene transfer of streptococcal ICE element RD2 (region of difference 2) encoding secreted proteins","volume":"11","author":"Sitkiewicz","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16006","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.RA118.004134","article-title":"The N-terminal domain of the R28 protein promotes emm28 group A Streptococcus adhesion to host cells via direct binding to three integrins","volume":"293","author":"Weckel","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1999.01470.x","article-title":"The R28 protein of Streptococcus pyogenes is related to several group B streptococcal surface proteins, confers protective immunity and promotes binding to human epithelial cells","volume":"33","author":"Stalhammar-Carlemalm","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mol Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib34","first-page":"217","article-title":"Vaginal-rectal colonization with group A streptococci in late pregnancy","volume":"8","author":"Mead","year":"2000","journal-title":"Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1097\/PAT.0b013e3283582983","article-title":"Vaginal carriage rate of streptococcal pyogenes in 1600 pregnant women","volume":"44","author":"Saab","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pathology"}],"container-title":["Clinical Microbiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1198743X20301890?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1198743X20301890?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T07:27:19Z","timestamp":1761118039000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1198743X20301890"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S1198743X20301890"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["1198-743X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1198-743X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Genetic evolution of invasive emm28 Streptococcus pyogenes strains and significant association with puerperal infections in young women in Finland","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}