{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T04:19:24Z","timestamp":1792210764913,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,1]],"date-time":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612137600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,1]],"date-time":"2022-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643673600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalmicrobiologyandinfection.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Microbiology and Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,30]],"date-time":"2020-04-30T13:14:52Z","timestamp":1588252492000},"page":"276-282","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Risk factors for candidaemia in hospitalized patients with liver cirrhosis: a multicentre case\u2013control\u2013control study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Bartoletti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Rinaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Z.","family":"Pasquini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Scudeller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Piano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.R.","family":"Giacobbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.E.","family":"Maraolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Bussini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Del Puente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Incicco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Angeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Giannella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Baldassarre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Caraceni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Campoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.C.","family":"Morelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Cricca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Ambretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Gentile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Bassetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Viale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)67924-5","article-title":"Liver cirrhosis mortality rates in Britain from 1950 to 2002: an analysis of routine data","volume":"367","author":"Leon","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2014.01.024","article-title":"Bacterial infections in cirrhosis: a position statement based on the EASL Special Conference 2013","volume":"60","author":"Jalan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1551","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25532","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of infections by multiresistant bacteria in cirrhosis: a prospective study","volume":"55","author":"Fernandez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e308","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000000308","article-title":"Emergency department visits related to cirrhosis: a retrospective study of the nationwide emergency department sample 2006 to 2011","volume":"94","author":"Pant","year":"2015","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2018.12.005","article-title":"Epidemiology and effects of bacterial infections in patients with cirrhosis worldwide","volume":"156","author":"Piano","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13981","article-title":"Invasive fungal infections amongst patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure at high risk for fungal infections","volume":"39","author":"Verma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Liver Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2017-314240","article-title":"Bacterial and fungal infections in acute-on-chronic liver failure: prevalence, characteristics and impact on prognosis","volume":"67","author":"Fernandez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2007.140087","article-title":"Population-based analysis of invasive fungal infections, France, 2001-2010","volume":"20","author":"Bitar","year":"2014","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2014.03.021","article-title":"Epidemiology and outcomes of bloodstream infection in patients with cirrhosis","volume":"61","author":"Bartoletti","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546 e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2017.08.001","article-title":"A prospective multicentre study of the epidemiology and outcomes of bloodstream infection in cirrhotic patients","volume":"24","author":"Bartoletti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.23736\/S0375-9393.17.12034-1","article-title":"Risk of spontaneous fungal peritonitis in hospitalized cirrhotic patients with ascites: a systematic review of observational studies and meta-analysis","volume":"83","author":"Fiore","year":"2017","journal-title":"Minerva Anestesiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-017-4717-0","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and predictors of mortality in cirrhotic patients with candidemia and intra-abdominal candidiasis: a multicenter study","volume":"43","author":"Bassetti","year":"2017","journal-title":"Intens Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhepr.2019.07.005","article-title":"Prediction of nosocomial acute-on-chronic liver failure in patients with cirrhosis admitted to hospital with acute decompensation","volume":"1","author":"Zaccherini","year":"2019","journal-title":"JHEP Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1731","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciz032","article-title":"Extended infusion of beta-lactams for bloodstream infection in patients with liver cirrhosis: an observational multicenter study","volume":"69","author":"Bartoletti","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8","article-title":"A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation","volume":"40","author":"Charlson","year":"1987","journal-title":"J\u00a0Chronic Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0287","article-title":"The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (Sepsis-3)","volume":"315","author":"Singer","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1892","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2017-314324","article-title":"Assessment of Sepsis-3 criteria and quick SOFA in patients with cirrhosis and bacterial infections","volume":"67","author":"Piano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.02.042","article-title":"Acute-on-chronic liver failure is a distinct syndrome that develops in patients with acute decompensation of cirrhosis","volume":"144","author":"Moreau","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1590\/S1517-83822014005000018","article-title":"Use of the VITEK 2 system to identify and test the antifungal susceptibility of clinically relevant yeast species","volume":"44","author":"Melhem","year":"2013","journal-title":"Braz J Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2007.01.005","article-title":"Incidence, risk factors, and predictors of outcome of candidemia. Survey in 2 Italian university hospitals","volume":"58","author":"Bassetti","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1583204","article-title":"Acute-on-chronic liver failure: the role of precipitating illness","volume":"36","author":"Sola","year":"2016","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0b013e3181a2bcd6","article-title":"Systemic inflammation increases intestinal permeability during experimental human endotoxemia","volume":"32","author":"Hietbrink","year":"2009","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2009.185413","article-title":"Splanchnic sympathectomy prevents translocation and spreading of E coli but not S aureus in liver cirrhosis","volume":"59","author":"Worlicek","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16041","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2016.41","article-title":"Acute-on-chronic liver failure in cirrhosis","volume":"2","author":"Arroyo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib25","first-page":"290","article-title":"Effects of rifaximin administration on the intestinal microbiota in patients with ulcerative colitis","volume":"14","author":"Brigidi","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8355","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v23.i47.8355","article-title":"Rifaximin ameliorates hepatic encephalopathy and endotoxemia without affecting the gut microbiome diversity","volume":"23","author":"Kaji","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0060042","article-title":"Modulation of the metabiome by rifaximin in patients with cirrhosis and minimal hepatic encephalopathy","volume":"8","author":"Bajaj","year":"2013","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13435","article-title":"Review article: potential mechanisms of action of rifaximin in the management of hepatic encephalopathy and other complications of cirrhosis","volume":"43","author":"Bajaj","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1080\/21505594.2016.1141162","article-title":"Bloodstream infections in patients with liver cirrhosis","volume":"7","author":"Bartoletti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit006","article-title":"Finding the \"missing 50%\" of invasive candidiasis: how nonculture diagnostics will improve understanding of disease spectrum and transform patient care","volume":"56","author":"Clancy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Infec Dis"}],"container-title":["Clinical Microbiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1198743X20302561?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1198743X20302561?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T07:27:50Z","timestamp":1761118070000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1198743X20302561"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S1198743X20302561"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030","relation":{},"ISSN":["1198-743X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1198-743X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Risk factors for candidaemia in hospitalized patients with liver cirrhosis: a multicentre case\u2013control\u2013control study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.04.030","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}