{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T20:40:55Z","timestamp":1793047255129,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,1]],"date-time":"2024-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MR\/R008345\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/R008345\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["203135"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["203135"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"NIAID","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K08 AI141740"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K08 AI141740"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000289","name":"Cancer Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000289","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001704","name":"European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001704","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CC2112"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CC2112"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalmicrobiologyandinfection.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Microbiology and Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]],"date-time":"2023-07-21T21:24:34Z","timestamp":1689974674000},"page":"1107-1114","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":127,"title":["Recent advances in the treatment of tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Motta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Boeree","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dumitru","family":"Chesov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keertan","family":"Dheda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gunar","family":"G\u00fcnther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Charles Robert","family":"Horsburgh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yousra","family":"Kherabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Lange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Lienhardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen M.","family":"McIlleron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas I.","family":"Paton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen R.","family":"Stagg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guy","family":"Thwaites","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zarir","family":"Udwadia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reinout","family":"Van Crevel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gustavo E.","family":"Vel\u00e1squez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Wilkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Guglielmetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilaria","family":"Motta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yousra","family":"Kherabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reinout","family":"Van Crevel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Guglielmetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib1","series-title":"Global tuberculosis report 2022","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib2","first-page":"S231","article-title":"Studies on the treatment of tuberculosis undertaken by the British Medical Research Council Tuberculosis Units, 1946\u20131986, with relevant subsequent publications","volume":"3","author":"Fox","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib3","first-page":"128","article-title":"A\u00a0Phase II study of the sterilising activities of ofloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin in pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"12","author":"Rustomjee","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60333-0","article-title":"Moxifloxacin versus ethambutol in the initial treatment of tuberculosis: a double-blind, randomised, controlled phase II trial","volume":"373","author":"Conde","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1588","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1315817","article-title":"A four-month gatifloxacin-containing regimen for treating tuberculosis","volume":"371","author":"Merle","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1599","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1314210","article-title":"High-dose rifapentine with moxifloxacin for pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"371","author":"Jindani","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1407426","article-title":"Four-month moxifloxacin-based regimens for drug-sensitive tuberculosis","volume":"371","author":"Gillespie","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0224-2","article-title":"A patient-level pooled analysis of treatment-shortening regimens for drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"24","author":"Imperial","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202101-0117OC","article-title":"Precision-enhancing risk stratification tools for selecting optimal treatment durations in tuberculosis clinical trials","volume":"204","author":"Imperial","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00955-2020","article-title":"Increased bactericidal activity but dose-limiting intolerability at 50 mg\u00b7kg-1 rifampicin","volume":"58","author":"Te Brake","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2033400","article-title":"Four-month rifapentine regimens with or without moxifloxacin for tuberculosis","volume":"384","author":"Dorman","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib12","series-title":"WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 4: treatment \u2013 Drug-susceptible tuberculosis treatment","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202208-1475OC","article-title":"Assessing pretomanid for tuberculosis (APT), a randomized phase 2 trial of pretomanid-containing regimens for drug-sensitive tuberculosis: 12-week results","volume":"207","author":"Dooley","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib14","series-title":"Presented at the 2023 conference on retroviruses and opportunistic infections during oral abstracts session-02 TB and hepatitis","article-title":"SimpliciTB results and hepatic safety of pretomanid regimens\u00a0+\/1 pyrazinamide [OA-109]","author":"Eristavi","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib15","first-page":"1361","article-title":"Sputum-smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis: controlled trial of 3-month and 2-month regimens of chemotherapy","volume":"1","year":"1979","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2104535","article-title":"Shorter treatment for nonsevere tuberculosis in African and Indian children","volume":"386","author":"Turkova","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2212537","article-title":"Treatment strategy for rifampin-susceptible tuberculosis","volume":"388","author":"Paton","year":"2023","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib18","series-title":"Global tuberculosis report 2020","author":"WHO","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(18)30078-X","article-title":"Comparison of different treatments for isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis: an individual patient data meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Fregonese","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e93","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201909-1874ST","article-title":"Treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis. An official ATS\/CDC\/ERS\/IDSA clinical practice guideline","volume":"200","author":"Nahid","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1416","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201910-1960OC","article-title":"Early bactericidal activity of different isoniazid doses for drug resistant tuberculosis (INHindsight): a randomized open-label clinical trial","volume":"201","author":"Dooley","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.16.0716","article-title":"Isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis: a cause for concern?","volume":"21","author":"Stagg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31644-1","article-title":"Collaborative Group for the Meta-Analysis of Individual Patient Data in MDRTB treatment. Treatment correlates of successful outcomes in pulmonary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: an individual patient data meta-analysis","volume":"392","author":"Ahmad","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(18)30235-2","article-title":"Effect of bedaquiline on mortality in South African patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"6","author":"Schnippel","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib25","series-title":"WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 4: treatment \u2013 Drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib26","series-title":"Rapid communication: key changes to treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1858","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)02078-5","article-title":"Evaluation of two short standardised regimens for the treatment of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (STREAM stage 2): an open-label, multicentre, randomised, non-inferiority trial","volume":"400","author":"Goodall","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib28","series-title":"Module 4: treatment \u2013 Drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment, 2022 update","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2331","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2117166","article-title":"A 24-week, all-oral regimen for rifampin-resistant tuberculosis","volume":"387","author":"Nyang\u2019wa","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib30","series-title":"Presented at the 27th annual conference of the Union-North America region","article-title":"TB-PRACTECAL final efficacy and safety results","author":"Nyang\u2019wa","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1214","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202107-1779OC","article-title":"An all-oral 6-month regimen for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a multicenter, randomized controlled clinical trial (the NExT study)","volume":"205","author":"Esmail","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib32","series-title":"BEAT Tuberculosis: an interim analysis. Presented at the Union World Conference on Lung health during LBTB","article-title":"High rate of successful outcomes treating RR-TB with a delamanid-bedaquiline regimen","author":"Conradie","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01883-9","volume":"400","author":"Mok","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib34","series-title":"Companion handbook to the WHO guidelines for the programmatic management of drug-resistant tuberculosis","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-021-05491-3","article-title":"Evaluating newly approved drugs for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (endTB): an adaptive, multi-country randomized controlled trial","volume":"22","author":"Guglielmetti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2022.07.026","article-title":"Tuberculosis Network European Trials group. Availability and costs of medicines for the treatment of tuberculosis in Europe","volume":"29","author":"G\u00fcnther","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jctube.2023.100350","article-title":"Mind the gap. Rolling out new drug resistant tuberculosis regimens with limited diagnostic tools","volume":"32","author":"Saluzzo","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(14)70031-1","article-title":"Global control of tuberculosis: from extensively drug-resistant to untreatable tuberculosis","volume":"2","author":"Dheda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e938","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciac528","article-title":"Bedaquiline, delamanid, linezolid, and clofazimine for treatment of pre-extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis","volume":"76","author":"Padmapriyadarsini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2119430","article-title":"Bedaquiline\u2013pretomanid\u2013linezolid regimens for drug-resistant tuberculosis","volume":"387","author":"Conradie","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1901814","article-title":"Treatment of highly drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"382","author":"Conradie","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib42","series-title":"Rapid communication: key changes to the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis (WHO\/UCN\/TB\/2022.2)","author":"WHO","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02164-18","article-title":"Linezolid pharmacokinetics in South African patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis and a high prevalence of HIV coinfection","volume":"63","author":"Wasserman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib46","series-title":"7th SA TB conference; september 13\u201316","article-title":"Bedaquiline resistance among patients not responding to a drug resistant treatment regimen in South Africa","author":"Ismail","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib47","first-page":"22282167","article-title":"High frequency of bedaquiline resistance in programmatically treated drug-resistant TB patients with sustained culture-positivity in Cape Town, South Africa","author":"Derendinger","year":"2022","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2100621","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00621-2021","article-title":"Emergence of bedaquiline resistance in a high tuberculosis burden country","volume":"59","author":"Chesov","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02919-20","article-title":"Bedaquiline drug resistance emergence assessment in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB): a 5-year prospective in vitro surveillance study of bedaquiline and other second-line drug susceptibility testing in MDR-TB isolates","volume":"60","author":"Kaniga","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2102263","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02263-2021","article-title":"Gene expression signatures identify biologically and clinically distinct tuberculosis endotypes","volume":"60","author":"DiNardo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medj.2020.11.003","article-title":"Tuberculosis endotypes to guide stratified host-directed therapy","volume":"2","author":"DiNardo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0006984","article-title":"Immunomodulation with recombinant interferon-gamma1b in pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"4","author":"Dawson","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-023-04564-2","article-title":"The use of TNF-\u03b1 antagonists in tuberculosis to control severe paradoxical reaction or immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: a case series and literature review","volume":"42","author":"Armange","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medj.2022.07.001","article-title":"Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist anakinra as treatment for paradoxical responses in HIV-negative tuberculosis patients: a case series","volume":"3","author":"van Arkel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4110\/in.2020.20.e12","article-title":"Vitamin D-cathelicidin axis: at the crossroads between protective immunity and pathological inflammation during infection","volume":"20","author":"Chung","year":"2020","journal-title":"Immune Netw"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab964","article-title":"Randomized trial of metformin with anti-tuberculosis drugs for early sputum conversion in adults with pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"75","author":"Padmapriydarsini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30448-3","article-title":"Adjunctive host-directed therapies for pulmonary tuberculosis: a prospective, open-label, phase 2, randomised controlled trial","volume":"9","author":"Wallis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1741","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040573","article-title":"Dexamethasone for the treatment of tuberculous meningitis in adolescents and adults","volume":"351","author":"Thwaites","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1407380","article-title":"Prednisolone and Mycobacterium indicus pranii in tuberculous pericarditis","volume":"371","author":"Mayosi","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1915","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1800762","article-title":"Prednisone for the prevention of paradoxical tuberculosis-associated IRIS","volume":"379","author":"Meintjes","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2381","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32833dfc68","article-title":"Randomized placebo-controlled trial of prednisone for paradoxical tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome","volume":"24","author":"Meintjes","year":"2010","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.12.023","article-title":"Host genotype-specific therapies can optimize the inflammatory response to mycobacterial infections","volume":"148","author":"Tobin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2024852118","article-title":"Elevated cerebrospinal fluid cytokine levels in tuberculous meningitis predict survival in response to dexamethasone","volume":"118","author":"Whitworth","year":"2021","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.634","article-title":"Defining the optimal dose of rifapentine for pulmonary tuberculosis: exposure-response relations from two phase II clinical trials","volume":"102","author":"Savic","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201407-1264OC","article-title":"A dose-ranging trial to optimize the dose of rifampin in the treatment of tuberculosis","volume":"191","author":"Boeree","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib64","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic evidence from the HIRIF trial to support increased doses of rifampin for tuberculosis","volume":"61","author":"Peloquin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)30274-2","article-title":"High-dose rifampicin, moxifloxacin, and SQ109 for treating tuberculosis: a multi-arm, multi-stage randomised controlled trial","volume":"17","author":"Boeree","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201712-2524OC","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of high-dose rifampin in pulmonary tuberculosis. A randomized controlled trial","volume":"198","author":"Vel\u00e1squez","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1767","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab725","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics of first-line drugs in children with tuberculosis, using World Health Organization-recommended weight band doses and formulations","volume":"74","author":"Chabala","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciab908","article-title":"Optimizing dosing and fixed-dose combinations of rifampicin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide in pediatric patients with tuberculosis: a prospective population pharmacokinetic study","volume":"75","author":"Denti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib69","series-title":"Technical report on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK\/PD) of medicines used in the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202103-0534OC","article-title":"A semimechanistic model of the bactericidal activity of high-dose isoniazid against multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: results from a randomized clinical trial","volume":"204","author":"Gausi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202103-0564OC","article-title":"A rapid pharmacogenomic assay to detect NAT2 polymorphisms and guide isoniazid dosing for tuberculosis treatment","volume":"204","author":"Verma","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.03492-2020","article-title":"Prediction of anti-tuberculosis treatment duration based on a 22-gene transcriptomic model","volume":"58","author":"Heyckendorf","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.00227-21","article-title":"Tuberculosis treatment monitoring and outcome measures: new interest and new strategies","volume":"35","author":"Heyckendorf","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"751","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.02.013","article-title":"Long-term treatment outcomes in patient with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis","volume":"29","author":"Maier","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2200388","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00388-2022","article-title":"Rifapentine access in Europe: growing concerns over key tuberculosis treatment component","volume":"59","author":"Guglielmetti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013_bib78","first-page":"190","article-title":"Regimens for drug-resistant tuberculosis","volume":"388","author":"Lange","year":"2023","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["Clinical Microbiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1198743X23003397?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1198743X23003397?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T03:44:01Z","timestamp":1756698241000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1198743X23003397"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S1198743X23003397"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013","relation":{},"ISSN":["1198-743X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1198-743X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Recent advances in the treatment of tuberculosis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmi.2023.07.013","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}