{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T03:57:21Z","timestamp":1775015841505,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001459","name":"Ministry of Education - Singapore","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001459","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalmicrobiologyandinfection.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Microbiology and Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]],"date-time":"2024-12-26T11:24:33Z","timestamp":1735212273000},"page":"616-624","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Long-term multi-systemic complications after SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Delta infection in children: a retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6428-9999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liang En","family":"Wee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jue Tao","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janice Yu Jin","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiahui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Calvin","family":"Chiew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chee-Fu","family":"Yung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chia Yin","family":"Chong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David Chien","family":"Lye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kelvin Bryan","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2023-062570","article-title":"Postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 in children","volume":"153","author":"Rao","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.12747","article-title":"Characterizing long COVID in children and adolescents","volume":"332","author":"Gross","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2022.2800","article-title":"Clinical features and burden of postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and adolescents","volume":"176","author":"Rao","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2021-066809","article-title":"Healthcare use in 700 000 children and adolescents for six months after covid-19: before and after register based cohort study","volume":"376","author":"Magnusson","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1004122","article-title":"Post-COVID-19-associated morbidity in children, adolescents, and adults: a matched cohort study including more than 157,000 individuals with COVID-19 in Germany","volume":"19","author":"Roessler","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLOS Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-023-02762-4","article-title":"Clinical and healthcare utilization outcomes during the 6 months following COVID infection in children","volume":"95","author":"Gordon","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2022-072529","article-title":"Long covid outcomes at one year after mild SARS-CoV-2 infection: nationwide cohort study","volume":"380","author":"Mizrahi","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"993","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7131a3","article-title":"Post-COVID-19 symptoms and conditions among children and adolescents\u2014United States, March 1, 2020\u2013January 31, 2022","volume":"71","author":"Kompaniyets","year":"2022","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e361","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciac275","article-title":"Coronavirus disease 2019 disease severity in children infected with the Omicron variant","volume":"75","author":"Butt","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-023-03221-x","article-title":"Event rates and incidence of post-COVID-19 condition in hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 positive children and young people and controls across different pandemic waves: exposure-stratified prospective cohort study in Moscow (StopCOVID)","volume":"22","author":"Pazukhina","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.101961","article-title":"Risk factors for post-COVID-19 condition (Long Covid) in children: a prospective cohort study","volume":"59","author":"Morello","year":"2023","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1320059","article-title":"Symptom trajectories of post-COVID sequelae in patients with acute Delta or Omicron infection in Bergen, Norway","volume":"12","author":"Iversen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2024.107008","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of post-coronavirus disease 2019 condition among children and adolescents in Japan: a matched case-control study in the general population","volume":"143","author":"Hosozawa","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2023-064446","article-title":"Vaccine effectiveness against long COVID in children","volume":"153","author":"Razzaghi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(23)00630-8","article-title":"Changes in the global hospitalisation burden of respiratory syncytial virus in young children during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic analysis","volume":"24","author":"Cong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib16","article-title":"Factors associated with delayed diagnosis of symptomatic adult COVID-19 cases presenting to primary care: a population-wide study during transition from Delta to Omicron BA.1 in Singapore","volume":"41","author":"Tan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health West Pac"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1324","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2023.4505","article-title":"Effectiveness of monovalent mRNA vaccines against Omicron XBB infection in Singaporean children younger than 5 years","volume":"177","author":"Wee","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(22)00573-4","article-title":"Effectiveness of primary series and booster vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospitalisation among adolescents aged 12\u201317 years in Singapore: A national cohort study","volume":"23","author":"Chiew","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2203209","article-title":"Effectiveness of BNT162b2 vaccine against Omicron in children 5 to 11 years of age","volume":"387","author":"Tan","year":"2022","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-14-199","article-title":"Pediatric complex chronic conditions classification system version 2: updated for ICD-10 and complex medical technology dependence and transplantation","volume":"14","author":"Feudtner","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(22)00260-7","article-title":"Neurological and psychiatric risk trajectories after SARS-CoV-2 infection: an analysis of 2-year retrospective cohort studies including 1 284 437 patients","volume":"9","author":"Taquet","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib22","first-page":"250","article-title":"Addressing extreme propensity scores via the overlap weights","volume":"188","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0244746","article-title":"Validating International Classification of Disease 10th Revision algorithms for identifying influenza and respiratory syncytial virus hospitalisations","volume":"16","author":"Hamilton","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2020.07.023","article-title":"Public health measures during COVID-19 pandemic reduced hospital admissions for community respiratory viral infections","volume":"106","author":"Tan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hosp Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.15267","article-title":"Respiratory viral infections in hospitalised paediatric patients in the tropics","volume":"57","author":"Tan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Paediatr Child Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2024.102436","article-title":"How does post COVID differ from other post-viral conditions in childhood and adolescence (0\u201320 years old)? A systematic review","volume":"68","author":"Minotti","year":"2024","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04479-6","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant replication in human bronchus and lung ex vivo","volume":"603","author":"Hui","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(23)00684-9","article-title":"Long-term outcomes following hospital admission for COVID-19 versus seasonal influenza: a cohort study","volume":"24","author":"Xie","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e54","DOI":"10.1017\/ash.2024.42","article-title":"The effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccines in the prevention of post-COVID conditions in children and adolescents: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis","volume":"4","author":"Gutfreund","year":"2024","journal-title":"Antimicrob Steward Healthc Epidemiol"}],"container-title":["Clinical Microbiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1198743X24006049?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1198743X24006049?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T02:31:38Z","timestamp":1775010698000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1198743X24006049"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S1198743X24006049"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017","relation":{},"ISSN":["1198-743X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1198-743X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Long-term multi-systemic complications after SARS-CoV-2 Omicron and Delta infection in children: a retrospective cohort study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.12.017","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}