{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T11:30:55Z","timestamp":1790508655816,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741737600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004423","name":"World Health Organization","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004423","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001782","name":"University of Melbourne","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001782","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalmicrobiologyandinfection.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Microbiology and Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]],"date-time":"2025-03-05T03:07:39Z","timestamp":1741144059000},"page":"1139-1145","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Human alveolar echinococcosis\u2013global, regional, and national annual incidence and prevalence rates"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Britta","family":"Lundstr\u00f6m-Stadelmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Rostami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline F.","family":"Frey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul R.","family":"Torgerson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seyed Mohammad","family":"Riahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimia","family":"Bagheri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Kaethner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anja","family":"Lachenmayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guido","family":"Beldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin B.","family":"Gasser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Hemphill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e470","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30066-8","article-title":"Recognising the substantial burden of neglected pandemics cystic and alveolar echinococcosis","volume":"8","author":"Casulli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/s40249-020-0630-9","article-title":"Neglected tropical diseases: an effective global response to local poverty-related disease priorities","volume":"9","author":"Engels","year":"2020","journal-title":"Infect Dis Poverty"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-08989-8","article-title":"Prevalence of human alveolar echinococcosis in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apar.2016.11.001","article-title":"Global distribution of alveolar and cystic echinococcosis","volume":"95","author":"Deplazes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1532-3","article-title":"The first meeting of the European register of cystic echinococcosis (ERCE)","volume":"9","author":"Rossi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001920","article-title":"World Health Organization estimates of the global and regional disease burden of 11 foodborne parasitic diseases, 2010: a data synthesis","volume":"12","author":"Torgerson","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2015.06.001","article-title":"Threat of alveolar echinococcosis to public health\u2013a challenge for Europe","volume":"31","author":"Gottstein","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12326","article-title":"Public health follow-up of suspected exposure to Echinococcus multilocularis in southwestern Ontario","volume":"64","author":"Trotz-Williams","year":"2017","journal-title":"Zoonoses Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2406.161641","article-title":"Intense focus of alveolar echinococcosis, South Kyrgyzstan","volume":"24","author":"Bebezov","year":"2018","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000765","article-title":"Alveolar echinococcosis: what triggers emergence in North America, central Europe and Asia?","volume":"34","author":"Gottstein","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib12","unstructured":"Bresson-Hadni S. Alveolar echinococcosis in Switzerland. Universimed. https:\/\/www.universimed.com\/ch\/article\/gastroenterologie\/alveolar-switzerland-265336. Accessed March 21, 2023."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apar.2016.09.002","article-title":"Echinococcosis: control and prevention","volume":"96","author":"Craig","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0005477","article-title":"Cystic and alveolar echinococcosis: successes and continuing challenges","volume":"11","author":"Budke","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.5152\/dir.2015.15456","article-title":"Multimodality imaging in diagnosis and management of alveolar echinococcosis: an update","volume":"22","author":"Bulak\u00e7\u0131","year":"2016","journal-title":"Diagn Interv Radiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2008.03.023","article-title":"Alveolar echinococcosis: from a deadly disease to a well-controlled infection. Relative survival and economic analysis in Switzerland over the last 35 years","volume":"49","author":"Torgerson","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2005.08.012","article-title":"Reproductive potential of Echinococcus multilocularis in experimentally infected foxes, dogs, raccoon dogs and cats","volume":"36","author":"Kapel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijppaw.2024.100913","article-title":"Echinococcus species in wildlife","volume":"23","author":"Romig","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib19","series-title":"Echinococcus and hydatid disease","first-page":"201","article-title":"Maintenance and cultivation of Echinococcus species in vivo and in vitro","author":"Howell","year":"1995"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182005009625","article-title":"Comparative development of Echinococcus multilocularis in its definitive hosts","volume":"132","author":"Thompson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.103470","article-title":"Clinical presentation, diagnosis, therapy and outcome of alveolar echinococcosis in dogs","volume":"177","author":"Corsini","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2010.09-0462","article-title":"Three-dimensional reconstruction of Echinococcus multilocularis larval growth in human hepatic tissue reveals complex growth patterns","volume":"82","author":"Tappe","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000001374","article-title":"Pathology of echinococcosis: a morphologic and immunohistochemical study on 138 specimens with focus on the differential diagnosis between cystic and alveolar echinococcosis","volume":"44","author":"Reinehr","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apar.2016.09.005","article-title":"Immunology of alveolar and cystic echinococcosis (AE and CE)","volume":"96","author":"Gottstein","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e722","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000722","article-title":"The global burden of alveolar echinococcosis","volume":"4","author":"Torgerson","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib26","first-page":"336","article-title":"Alveolar Echinococcus in a 70-year-old man in Ontario","volume":"8","author":"Zewude","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Assoc Med Microbiol Infect Dis Can"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa245","article-title":"First European haplotype of Echinococcus multilocularis identified in the United States: an emerging disease?","volume":"72","author":"Polish","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1902","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2210000","article-title":"European haplotype of Echinococcus multilocularis in the United States","volume":"387","author":"Polish","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e603","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30038-3","article-title":"Epidemic cystic and alveolar echinococcosis in Kyrgyzstan: an analysis of national surveillance data","volume":"8","author":"Paternoster","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1306.061074","article-title":"Human alveolar echinococcosis after fox population increase, Switzerland","volume":"13","author":"Schweiger","year":"2007","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2003.11.011","article-title":"Wilderness in the city: the urbanization of Echinococcus multilocularis","volume":"20","author":"Deplazes","year":"2004","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1625","DOI":"10.3201\/eid.1810.120119","article-title":"Echinococcus multilocularis in urban coyotes, Alberta, Canada","volume":"18","author":"Catalano","year":"2012","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2012.11.013","article-title":"Control of Echinococcus multilocularis: strategies, feasibility and cost\u2013benefit analyses","volume":"43","author":"Hegglin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1638\/2018-0064","article-title":"Alveolar echinococcosis in western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla): albendazole was not able to stop progression of the disease","volume":"50","author":"Wenker","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Zoo Wildl Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vpoa.2020.100031","article-title":"Combined cross-sectional and case-control study on Echinococcus multilocularis infection in pigs in Switzerland","volume":"277","author":"Meyer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.apar.2020.04.010","article-title":"Contribution to the echinococcosis control programme in China by NIPD-CTDR","volume":"110","author":"Fu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Adv Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2004.10.026","article-title":"Modeling the transmission of Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis in dogs for a high endemic region of the Tibetan plateau","volume":"35","author":"Budke","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2008.01.009","article-title":"Canine echinococcosis in Kyrgyzstan: using prevalence data adjusted for measurement error to develop transmission dynamics models","volume":"38","author":"Ziadinov","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2008.07.030","article-title":"Echinococcus multilocularis infections in domestic dogs and cats from Germany and other European countries","volume":"157","author":"Dyachenko","year":"2008","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0910.030138","article-title":"Anthelmintic baiting of foxes against urban contamination with Echinococcus multilocularis","volume":"9","author":"Hegglin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-019-3834-8","article-title":"A novel protocol to isolate, detect and differentiate taeniid eggs in leafy greens and berries using real-time PCR with melting curve analysis","volume":"12","author":"Frey","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2014073","article-title":"Treatment of echinococcosis: albendazole and mebendazole\u2013what else?","volume":"21","author":"Hemphill","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasite"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-56073-y","article-title":"In vitro metabolomic footprint of the Echinococcus multilocularis metacestode","volume":"9","author":"Ritler","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1170763","article-title":"Targeted and non-targeted proteomics to characterize the parasite proteins of Echinococcus multilocularis metacestodes","volume":"13","author":"M\u00fcller","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"}],"container-title":["Clinical Microbiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1198743X25000990?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1198743X25000990?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T18:13:05Z","timestamp":1762366385000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1198743X25000990"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S1198743X25000990"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034","relation":{},"ISSN":["1198-743X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1198-743X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Human alveolar echinococcosis\u2013global, regional, and national annual incidence and prevalence rates","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmi.2025.01.034","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}