{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T10:51:26Z","timestamp":1793271086002,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalmicrobiologyandinfection.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Microbiology and Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T16:07:40Z","timestamp":1770912460000},"page":"838-844","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Systematic three-site vs. classical single-site screening for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections in non-sex worker women: the multicentric Sexually Infections Still Transmitted by Remote Sites (SIST\u2019RS) study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Thierry","family":"Prazuck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gwena\u00ebl","family":"Le Moal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Ursenbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Michau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascale","family":"Perfezou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Bisio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Rey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agnes","family":"Beby-Defaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alix","family":"Irimia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tyffanie","family":"Houpert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois-Baptiste","family":"Drevillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julienne","family":"Effa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Hocqueloux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Beraud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"SIST\u2019RS Study group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Beraud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alix","family":"Bellion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9lina","family":"Bergot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aur\u00e9lie","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"de Dieuleveult","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilie","family":"Dufour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julienne","family":"Effa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clemence","family":"Guillaume","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerome","family":"Guinard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Guyomard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Hocqueloux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christelle","family":"Leite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thierry","family":"Prazuck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simiane","family":"Taity","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marion","family":"Albouy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agnes","family":"Beby-Defaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tyffanie","family":"Houpert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gwena\u00ebl","family":"Le Moal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Plaimchamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois-Baptiste","family":"Drevillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascale","family":"Perfezou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alix","family":"Irimia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Michau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Cheneau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Klee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kilifa","family":"Meghit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C\u00e9line","family":"Melounou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Rey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Marie","family":"Schevin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Ursenbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Gras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Bisio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ludivine","family":"Rigat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.18.228486","article-title":"Chlamydia, gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis and syphilis: global prevalence and incidence estimates, 2016","volume":"97","author":"Rowley","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib2","year":"2024","journal-title":"World Health Organ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.5.1800038","article-title":"Bacterial sexually transmitted infections in France: recent trends and patients\u2019 characteristics in 2016","volume":"24","author":"Ndeikoundam Ngangro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e360","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(19)30304-4","article-title":"Models of gonorrhoea transmission from the mouth and saliva","volume":"19","author":"Fairley","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e3182029008","article-title":"Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae transmission from the female oropharynx to the male urethra","volume":"38","author":"Marcus","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1793","DOI":"10.1086\/648427","article-title":"Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae transmission from the oropharynx to the urethra among men who have sex with men","volume":"49","author":"Bernstein","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.25354","article-title":"The role of saliva in gonorrhoea and chlamydia transmission to extragenital sites among men who have sex with men: new insights into transmission","volume":"22","author":"Chow","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2507.181561","article-title":"Oropharyngeal gonorrhea in absence of urogenital gonorrhea in sexual network of male and female participants, Australia, 2018","volume":"25","author":"Cornelisse","year":"2019","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-018-3003-2","article-title":"Concordance of gonorrhoea of the rectum, pharynx and urethra in same-sex male partnerships attending a sexual health service in Melbourne, Australia","volume":"18","author":"Cornelisse","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2018-053803","article-title":"Evidence for a new paradigm of gonorrhoea transmission: cross-sectional analysis of Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections by anatomical site in both partners in 60 male couples","volume":"95","author":"Cornelisse","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2018.00072","article-title":"Offline and online sexual risk behavior among youth in The Netherlands: findings from \u201cSex under the Age of 25.\u201d","volume":"6","author":"De Graaf","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462420948739","article-title":"Background review for the \u201c2020 European guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of gonorrhoea in adults.\u201d","volume":"32","author":"Unemo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofac322","article-title":"A missed opportunity: extragenital screening for gonorrhea and chlamydia sexually transmitted infections in people with HIV in a Southeastern Ryan white HIV\/AIDS program clinic setting","volume":"9","author":"Geba","year":"2022","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2023-056103","article-title":"Epidemiological impact of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis screening in men having sex with men: a modelling study","volume":"100","author":"Flaig","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2019-054357","article-title":"To pool or not to pool? Screening of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in female sex workers: pooled versus single-site testing","volume":"96","author":"Verougstraete","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e233","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(23)00299-0","volume":"11","author":"Vanbaelen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet HIV"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000248","article-title":"Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis among women reporting extragenital exposures","volume":"42","author":"Trebach","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e31826ae9a2","article-title":"Prevalence and correlates of rectal Chlamydia and gonorrhea among female clients at sexually transmitted disease clinics","volume":"39","author":"Javanbakht","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(21)00465-5","article-title":"Routine universal testing versus selective or incidental testing for oropharyngeal Chlamydia trachomatis in women in The Netherlands: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"22","author":"Evers","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30594-6","article-title":"Routine universal testing versus selective or incidental testing for oropharyngeal Neisseria gonorrhoeae in women in The Netherlands: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"21","author":"van","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000002104","article-title":"The occurrence of single-site pharyngeal Neisseria gonorrhoeae among female sex workers in The Netherlands","volume":"52","author":"Evers","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2018-053896","article-title":"Kissing may be an important and neglected risk factor for oropharyngeal gonorrhoea: a cross-sectional study in men who have sex with men","volume":"95","author":"Chow","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000001777","article-title":"A systematic review of kissing as a risk factor for oropharyngeal gonorrhea or chlamydia","volume":"50","author":"Charleson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1071\/SH15036","article-title":"Early presentation of symptomatic individuals is critical in controlling sexually transmissible infections","volume":"12","author":"Fairley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sex Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000001789","article-title":"Availability of extragenital chlamydia and gonorrhea testing in 6 high-incidence states","volume":"50","author":"Vu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01969-19","article-title":"Pooling pharyngeal, anorectal, and urogenital samples for screening asymptomatic men who have sex with men for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae","volume":"58","author":"Durukan","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000001191","article-title":"To pool or not to pool samples for sexually transmitted infections detection in men who have sex with men? An evaluation of a new pooling method using the GeneXpert instrument in West Africa","volume":"47","author":"De Baetselier","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3183","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1546","volume":"73","author":"Wilson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofac496","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofac496","article-title":"Pooling rectal, pharyngeal, and urine samples to detect Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Mycoplasma genitalium using multiplex polymerase chain reaction is as effective as single-site testing for men who have sex with men","volume":"9","author":"Prazuck","year":"2022","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1071\/SH19023","article-title":"World Health Organization Global Gonococcal Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (WHO GASP): review of new data and evidence to inform international collaborative actions and research efforts","volume":"16","author":"Unemo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sex Health"}],"container-title":["Clinical Microbiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1198743X26000649?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1198743X26000649?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T17:06:59Z","timestamp":1776100019000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1198743X26000649"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S1198743X26000649"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["1198-743X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1198-743X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Systematic three-site vs. classical single-site screening for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections in non-sex worker women: the multicentric Sexually Infections Still Transmitted by Remote Sites (SIST\u2019RS) study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.02.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}