{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T03:40:09Z","timestamp":1792726809727,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793491200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalmicrobiologyandinfection.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinical Microbiology and Infection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,30]],"date-time":"2026-05-30T15:36:23Z","timestamp":1780155383000},"page":"1883-1889","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Glucocorticoid use and candidemia: results from a nationwide case-control study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"C\u00e6cilie","family":"Leding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Meddis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jon Gitz","family":"Holler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen Marie Thyssen","family":"Astvad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Benfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e37","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad474","article-title":"Unintended consequences: Risk of opportunistic infections associated with long-term glucocorticoid therapies in adults","volume":"78","author":"Chastain","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.1","article-title":"Immune regulation by glucocorticoids","volume":"17","author":"Cain","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1828","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)14904-5","article-title":"Glucocorticoids and invasive fungal infections","volume":"362","author":"Lionakis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003079","article-title":"Candida and host determinants of susceptibility to invasive candidiasis","volume":"9","author":"Lionakis","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.08.081","article-title":"Risk Factors for invasive candida infection in critically ill patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"161","author":"Thomas-R\u00fcddel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-024-00503-3","article-title":"Invasive candidiasis","volume":"10","author":"Lass-Fl\u00f6rl","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2018.26","article-title":"Invasive candidiasis","volume":"4","author":"Pappas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.3390\/jof3040057","article-title":"Global and multi-national prevalence of fungal diseases-estimate precision","volume":"3","author":"Bongomin","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Fungi Basel Switz"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-015237","article-title":"Systemic glucocorticoid use in Denmark: A population-based prevalence study","volume":"7","author":"Laugesen","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-014-9930-3","article-title":"The Danish Civil Registration System as a tool in epidemiology","volume":"29","author":"Schmidt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES2014.19.1.20667","article-title":"The Danish Microbiology Database (MiBa) 2010 to 2013","volume":"19","author":"Voldstedlund","year":"2014","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.2147\/CLEP.S91125","article-title":"The Danish National Patient Registry: A review of content, data quality, and research potential","volume":"7","author":"Schmidt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib13","first-page":"798","article-title":"Data resource profile: The Danish National Prescription Registry","volume":"46","author":"Potteg\u00e5rd","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1502893","article-title":"The increasing incidence and mortality of bacteremia in Denmark from 2010 to 2022: A population-based nationwide cohort study","volume":"12","author":"Dessau","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2016.04.023","article-title":"Use of glucocorticoids and risk of community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: A population-based case-control study","volume":"91","author":"Smit","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/rmdopen-2022-002636","article-title":"Antirheumatic treatment, disease activity and risk of Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia in rheumatoid arthritis: A nationwide nested case\u2013control study","volume":"8","author":"Dieperink","year":"2022","journal-title":"RMD Open"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwq433","article-title":"Updating and validating the Charlson comorbidity index and score for risk adjustment in hospital discharge abstracts using data from 6 countries","volume":"173","author":"Quan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwaa167","article-title":"Do case-control studies always estimate odds ratios?","volume":"190","author":"Labrecque","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3391","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kead083","article-title":"Glucocorticoid exposure and the risk of serious infections in rheumatoid arthritis: A marginal structural model application","volume":"62","author":"Barbulescu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rheumatol Oxf Engl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.7326\/M20-1594","article-title":"Risk for serious infection with low-dose glucocorticoids in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A cohort study","volume":"173","author":"George","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.23611","article-title":"Incidence and risk of glucocorticoid-associated adverse effects in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"71","author":"Wilson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1409","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2012.218","article-title":"Serious infection and mortality in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease: More than 5 years of follow-up in the TREATTM registry","volume":"107","author":"Lichtenstein","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0158017","article-title":"Corticosteroid use and complications in a US inflammatory bowel disease cohort","volume":"11","author":"Waljee","year":"2016","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1819","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203318792352","article-title":"Corticosteroid dose and the risk of opportunistic infection in a national systemic lupus erythematosus cohort","volume":"27","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2116","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.000383","article-title":"Effects of the glucocorticoid betamethasone on the interaction of Candida albicans with human epithelial cells","volume":"162","author":"Jakab","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microbiol Read Engl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2023.152257","article-title":"Risk factors for invasive fungal infections in patients with connective tissue disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"63","author":"Xiong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3135","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.9.3135-3139.2002","article-title":"Replacement of Candida albicans with C. dubliniensis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with oropharyngeal candidiasis treated with fluconazole","volume":"40","author":"Martinez","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.3109\/13693780903114942","article-title":"Adherence, colonization and dissemination of Candida dubliniensis and other Candida species","volume":"48","author":"Biasoli","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med Mycol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"otad010","DOI":"10.1093\/crocol\/otad010","article-title":"Corticosteroids increase the risk of invasive fungal infections more than tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors in patients with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"5","author":"Gregory","year":"2023","journal-title":"Crohns Colitis 360"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04502-w","article-title":"Immune regulation by fungal strain diversity in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"603","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["Clinical Microbiology and Infection"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1198743X26002752?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1198743X26002752?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T03:21:09Z","timestamp":1792725669000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1198743X26002752"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S1198743X26002752"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033","relation":{},"ISSN":["1198-743X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1198-743X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Glucocorticoid use and candidemia: results from a nationwide case-control study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmi.2026.05.033","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}