{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T15:37:23Z","timestamp":1766504243383,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021ZD0113204"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021ZD0113204"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62371178","62301197"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62371178","62301197"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,22]],"date-time":"2025-03-22T08:45:57Z","timestamp":1742633157000},"page":"108735","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Evaluation of the impacts of neuromuscular electrical stimulation based on cortico-muscular-cortical functional network"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"265","author":[{"given":"Jianpeng","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3000-5315","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xugang","family":"Xi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lihua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(21)00252-0","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"20","author":"Collaborators","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.31.6.1360","article-title":"Chronic motor dysfunction after stroke: recovering wrist and finger extension by electromyography-triggered neuromuscular stimulation","volume":"31","author":"Cauraugh","year":"2000","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2375","DOI":"10.1113\/JP278298","article-title":"Neuromuscular electrical stimulation-promoted plasticity of the human brain","volume":"599","author":"Carson","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2017.00447","article-title":"Early stroke rehabilitation of the upper limb assisted with an electromyography-driven neuromuscular electrical stimulation-robotic arm","volume":"8","author":"Qian","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000001759","article-title":"Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation combined with neuromuscular electrical stimulation on upper extremity motor function in patients with stroke","volume":"101","author":"Y.Wei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493017711813","article-title":"Standardized measurement of sensorimotor recovery in stroke trials: consensus-based core recommendations from the stroke recovery and rehabilitation roundtable","volume":"12","author":"Kwakkel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2010.07.025","article-title":"Peripheral electrical stimulation to induce cortical plasticity: a systematic review of stimulus parameters","volume":"122","author":"Chipchase","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2409","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-011-2087-9","article-title":"Neuromuscular electrical stimulation: implications of the electrically evoked sensory volley","volume":"111","author":"Bergquist","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur. J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1177\/09567976241235932","article-title":"Oscillatory coupling between neural and cardiac rhythms","volume":"35","author":"Sargent","year":"2024","journal-title":"Psychol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20382","article-title":"Directed information flow-A model free measure to analyze causal interactions in event related EEG-MEG-experiments","volume":"29","author":"Hinrichs","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hum. Brain Mapp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.100.144103","article-title":"Kernel method for nonlinear Granger causality","volume":"100","author":"Marinazzo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2009.11.005","article-title":"Do we need to consider non-linear information flow in corticomuscular interaction?","volume":"121","author":"A.Ioannides","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1002\/jae.2495","article-title":"Guidelines for multivariate analysis","volume":"31","author":"Diks","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Appl. Econom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s10827-010-0262-3","article-title":"Transfer entropy-a model-free measure of effective connectivity for the neurosciences","volume":"30","author":"Vicente","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Comput. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00287","article-title":"Multiscale information transfer in functional corticomuscular coupling estimation following stroke: a pilot study","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2019.2907148","article-title":"Transfer spectral entropy and application to functional corticomuscular coupling","volume":"27","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2869","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2019.2897651","article-title":"EEG based emotion recognition by combining functional connectivity network and local activations","volume":"66","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2164","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2020.3014951","article-title":"Topological network analysis of early Alzheimer's disease based on resting-state EEG","volume":"28","author":"Duan","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awq043","article-title":"Dynamic functional reorganization of the motor execution network after stroke","volume":"133","author":"Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2023.105627","article-title":"Influence of neuromuscular electrical stimulation pulse waveform on corticomuscular coupling and the brain functional connectivity network","volume":"88","author":"Tang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomed. Signal. Process. Control"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.116778","article-title":"The open EEGLAB portal interface: high-performance computing with EEGLAB","volume":"224","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Cancino","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5085","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2022.3193984","article-title":"Analysis of functional corticomuscular coupling based on multiscale transfer spectral entropy","volume":"26","author":"Xi","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE J. Biomed. Health Inform."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6945","DOI":"10.3934\/mbe.2020359","article-title":"Surface electromyography signal denoising via EEMD and improved wavelet thresholds","volume":"17","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Math. Biosci. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1852","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2016.2626519","article-title":"A fixed-lag Kalman smoother to filter power line interference in electrocardiogram recordings","volume":"64","author":"Warmerdam","year":"2016","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2017.04.181","article-title":"Multi-scale symbolic transfer entropy analysis of EEG","volume":"484","author":"Yao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phys. A Stat. Mech. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.3389\/fncom.2020.00045","article-title":"Transfer entropy as a measure of brain connectivity: a critical analysis with the help of neural mass models","volume":"14","author":"Ursino","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Comput. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2018.12.012","article-title":"Classification of gait patterns between patients with Parkinson's disease and healthy controls using phase space reconstruction (PSR), empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and neural networks","volume":"111","author":"Zeng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neural Netw."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-2789(98)00240-1","article-title":"Nonlinear dynamics, delay times, and embedding windows","volume":"127","author":"Kim","year":"1999","journal-title":"Phys. D Nonlinear Phenom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-2789(97)00118-8","article-title":"Practical method for determining the minimum embedding dimension of a scalar time series","volume":"110","author":"Cao","year":"1997","journal-title":"Phys. D Nonlinear Phenom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awn262","article-title":"Graph theoretical analysis of magnetoencephalographic functional connectivity in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"132","author":"Stam","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.73.951","article-title":"Generating surrogate data for time series with several simultaneously measured variables","volume":"73","author":"Prichard","year":"1994","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2023.111591","article-title":"Review of EEG-based neurofeedback as a therapeutic intervention to treat depression","volume":"329","author":"Patil","year":"2023","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res.: Neuroimaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2021.104801","article-title":"Cortico-muscular interaction to monitor the effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation pedaling training in chronic stroke","volume":"137","author":"Bao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Comput. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.10.018","article-title":"Gamma-range corticomuscular coherence during dynamic force output","volume":"34","author":"Omlor","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3261","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2021.3068997","article-title":"Correlation evaluation of functional corticomuscular coupling with abnormal muscle synergy after stroke","volume":"68","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-019-0614-9","article-title":"Pathway-specific modulatory effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation during pedaling in chronic stroke survivors","volume":"16","author":"Bao","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neuroeng. Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2375","DOI":"10.1113\/JP278298","article-title":"Neuromuscular electrical stimulation-promoted plasticity of the human brain","volume":"599","author":"Carson","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2010.07.025","article-title":"Peripheral electrical stimulation to induce cortical plasticity: a systematic review of stimulus parameters","volume":"122","author":"Chipchase","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0173(98)00056-3","article-title":"EEG alpha and theta oscillations reflect cognitive and memory performance: a review and analysis","volume":"29","author":"Klimesch","year":"1999","journal-title":"Brain Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1186\/s12984-024-01462-2","article-title":"Implications of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on gait ability, balance and kinematic parameters after stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Neuroeng. Rehabil."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2022.3217571","article-title":"Lower-limb motor assessment with corticomuscular coherence of multiple muscles during ankle dorsiflexion after stroke","volume":"31","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng."}],"container-title":["Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016926072500152X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S016926072500152X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T08:29:29Z","timestamp":1746088169000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S016926072500152X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":41,"alternative-id":["S016926072500152X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735","relation":{},"ISSN":["0169-2607"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0169-2607"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Evaluation of the impacts of neuromuscular electrical stimulation based on cortico-muscular-cortical functional network","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmpb.2025.108735","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108735"}}