{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,9]],"date-time":"2026-08-09T20:45:25Z","timestamp":1786308325074,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000968","name":"American Heart Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000968","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,28]],"date-time":"2019-12-28T02:00:09Z","timestamp":1577498409000},"page":"10-15","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Growth and remodeling of atrioventricular heart valves: A potential target for pharmacological treatment?"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Manuel K.","family":"Rausch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib1","series-title":"Adv. Hear. Valve biomech.","first-page":"105","article-title":"Tricuspid valve biomechanics: a brief review","author":"Meador","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1369","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2007.2122","article-title":"Heart valve function: a biomechanical perspective","volume":"362","author":"Sacks","year":"2007","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc B Biol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2017.0580","article-title":"Regulation of valve interstitial cell homeostasis by mechanical deformation: implications for heart valve disease and surgical repair","volume":"14","author":"Ayoub","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0R Soc Interface"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1007\/s12195-018-0529-8","article-title":"The three-dimensional microenvironment of the mitral valve: insights into the effects of physiological loads","volume":"11","author":"Ayoub","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Mol Bioeng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1177\/1535370219829006","article-title":"The effect of physiological stretch and the valvular endothelium on mitral valve proteomes","volume":"244","author":"Ali","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp Biol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2015.01.006","article-title":"Reciprocal interactions between mitral valve endothelial and interstitial cells reduce endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition and myofibroblastic activation","volume":"80","author":"Shapero","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Mol Cell Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib7","series-title":"Growth and remodelling of living systems: perspectives , challenges , and opportunities","author":"Ambrosi","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2016.0709","article-title":"Mitral valve leaflet remodelling during pregnancy: insights into cell-mediated recovery of tissue homeostasis","volume":"13","author":"Rego","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0R Soc Interface"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mpaic.2016.04.010","article-title":"Physiology of pregnancy","volume":"17","author":"Talbot","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anaesth Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H1565","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00816.2014","article-title":"Pregnancy-induced remodeling of heart valves","volume":"309","author":"Pierlot","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H878","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00845.2011","article-title":"Physiological remodeling of the mitral valve during pregnancy","volume":"303","author":"Wells","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-014-1077-6","article-title":"Pregnancy-induced remodeling of collagen architecture and content in the mitral valve","volume":"42","author":"Pierlot","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Biomed Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1772","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-014-1230-2","article-title":"Biaxial creep resistance and structural remodeling of the aortic and mitral valves in pregnancy","volume":"43","author":"Pierlot","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Biomed Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.01091","article-title":"The role of placental hormones in mediating maternal adaptations to support pregnancy and lactation","volume":"9","author":"Napso","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2004.06.079","article-title":"Apparently normal mitral valves in patients with heart failure demonstrate biochemical and structural derangements: an extracellular matrix and echocardiographic study","volume":"45","author":"Grande-Allen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_sref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2005.04.019","article-title":"Mitral valve stiffening in end-stage heart failure: evidence of an organic contribution to functional mitral regurgitation","volume":"130","author":"Grande-Allen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2012.07.001","article-title":"Evidence of adaptive mitral leaflet growth","volume":"15","author":"Rausch","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Mech Behav Biomed Mater"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.000554","article-title":"Mitral leaflet remodeling in dilated cardiomyopathy","volume":"114","author":"Timek","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_sref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.749440","article-title":"Mitral leaflet adaptation to ventricular remodeling occurrence and adequacy in patients with functional mitral regurgitation","volume":"118","author":"Chaput","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.113.000561","article-title":"Assessment of mitral valve adaptation with gated cardiac computed tomography: validation with three-dimensional echocardiography and mechanistic insight to functional mitral regurgitation","volume":"6","author":"Beaudoin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circ. Cardiovasc. Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S99","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.844019","article-title":"Mitral leaflet adaptation to ventricular remodeling prospective changes in a model of ischemic mitral regurgitation","volume":"120","author":"Chaput","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.846782","article-title":"Active adaptation of the tethered mitral valve: insights into a compensatory mechanism for functional mitral regurgitation","volume":"120","author":"Dal-Bianco","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jeu300","article-title":"The mitral valve is an actively adapting tissue: new imaging evidence","volume":"16","author":"Dal-Bianco","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J. Cardiovasc. Imaging."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.10.092","article-title":"Myocardial infarction alters adaptation of the tethered mitral valve","volume":"67","author":"Dal-Bianco","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.309598","article-title":"CD45 expression in mitral valve endothelial cells after myocardial infarction","volume":"119","author":"Bischoff","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_sref26","first-page":"1","article-title":"Pathological remodeling of mitral valve leaflets from unphysiologic leaflet mechanics after undersized mitral annuloplasty to repair ischemic mitral regurgitation","volume":"7","author":"Sielicka","year":"2018","journal-title":"J.\u00a0Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib27","series-title":"Heart disease and stroke statistics-2019 update: a report from the American Heart Association","author":"Benjamin","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1814052","article-title":"Transcatheter aortic-valve replacement with a balloon-expandable valve in low-risk patients","volume":"380","author":"Mack","year":"2019","journal-title":"N\u00a0Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.02.026","article-title":"Relation of mitral valve surgery volume to repair rate, durability, and survival","volume":"69","author":"Chikwe","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.12.065","article-title":"Percutaneous transcatheter mitral valve replacement: first-in-human experience with a new transseptal system","volume":"73","author":"Webb","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-011-0442-y","article-title":"Mitral valve annuloplasty: a quantitative clinical and mechanical comparison of different annuloplasty devices","volume":"40","author":"Rausch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Biomed Eng"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib32","first-page":"230","article-title":"Mitral valve repair versus replacement","volume":"4","author":"Mick","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13069-015-0023-z","article-title":"Modulation of angiotensin II signaling in the prevention of fibrosis","volume":"8","author":"Murphy","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fibrogenesis Tissue Repair"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2015.03.090","article-title":"The renin-angiotensin system and its involvement in vascular disease","volume":"763","author":"Van Thiel","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2014.03.014","article-title":"Losartan inhibits endothelial-to-mesenchymal transformation in mitral valve endothelial cells by blocking transforming growth factor-\u03b2-induced phosphorylation of ERK","volume":"446","author":"Wylie-Sears","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.118.007642","article-title":"Mitral valve adaptation can we win the race?","volume":"11","author":"Kim","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circ. Cardiovasc. Imaging."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008_sref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.07.734","article-title":"Effect of losartan on mitral valve changes after myocardial infarction","volume":"70","author":"Bartko","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Coll Cardiol"}],"container-title":["Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2468451119300820?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2468451119300820?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T06:59:58Z","timestamp":1762844398000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2468451119300820"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"references-count":37,"alternative-id":["S2468451119300820"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008","relation":{},"ISSN":["2468-4511"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2468-4511","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Growth and remodeling of atrioventricular heart valves: A potential target for pharmacological treatment?","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cobme.2019.12.008","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}