{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T16:32:41Z","timestamp":1779899561563,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cognition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,27]],"date-time":"2025-12-27T14:02:19Z","timestamp":1766844139000},"page":"106420","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Graphesthesia on human fingernails"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"270","author":[{"given":"Daniel Oluwaseyi","family":"Olawole","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denise","family":"Cadete","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Milena Da Silva","family":"Baiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonima","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa R.","family":"Ferr\u00e8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew R.","family":"Longo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.12688\/wellcomeopenres.15191.2","article-title":"Raincloud plots: A multi-platform tool for robust data visualization","volume":"4","author":"Allen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Wellcome Open Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-9452(08)70846-3","article-title":"Dissociation between distal and proximal left limb agraphia and agraphesthesia in a patient with a callosal disconnection syndrome","volume":"36","author":"Bachoud-L\u00e9vi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423-015-0918-0","article-title":"Integration of anatomical and external response mappings explains crossing effects in tactile localization: A probabilistic modeling approach","volume":"23","author":"Badde","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000316169","article-title":"The burden of nail psoriasis: An introduction","volume":"221","author":"Baran","year":"2010","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1557","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/acad028","article-title":"Sensory integration deficits in neurodegenerative diseases: Implications for apraxia","volume":"38","author":"Baumard","year":"2023","journal-title":"Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(82)90249-0","article-title":"Agraphesthesia. A disorder of directional cutaneous kinesthesia or a disorientation in cutaneous space","volume":"53","author":"Bender","year":"1982","journal-title":"Journal of the Neurological Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0035","article-title":"Clinical utility of amyloid imaging in a complex case of corticobasal syndrome presenting with psychiatric symptoms","volume":"2","author":"Bensa\u00efdane","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Neurological Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9370","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0143-09.2009","article-title":"Slowly adapting mechanoreceptors in the borders of the human fingernail encode fingertip forces","volume":"29","author":"Birznieks","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1078249","article-title":"Grasping primate origins","volume":"298","author":"Bloch","year":"2002","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1068\/p7790","article-title":"Two sensory channels mediate perception of fingertip force","volume":"43","author":"Brothers","year":"2014","journal-title":"Perception"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4555","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1614979114","article-title":"Adaptation aftereffects reveal that tactile distance is a basic somatosensory feature","volume":"114","author":"Calzolari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1998.02430.x","article-title":"Distribution of Merkel cells in adult human nail matrix","volume":"139","author":"Cameli","year":"1998","journal-title":"British Journal of Dermatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1080\/09084282.2010.525102","article-title":"The presence and predictive value of astereognosis and agraphesthesia in patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"17","author":"Davis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Applied Neuropsychology"},{"issue":"115","key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2015.0874","article-title":"Surface strain measurements of fingertip skin under shearing","volume":"13","author":"Delhaye","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of the Royal Society Interface"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0075","series-title":"La Dioptrique [Optics]","author":"Descartes","year":"1637"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0712(02)00135-X","article-title":"Distal replantation, nail bed, and nail problems in musicians","volume":"19","author":"Dumontier","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hand Clinics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1080\/13554794.2016.1148743","article-title":"Callosal apraxia: A 34-year follow-up study","volume":"22","author":"Falchook","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurocase"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193146","article-title":"G*power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences","volume":"39","author":"Faul","year":"2007","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2106","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797614547917","article-title":"Anchoring the self to the body: Vestibular contribution to the sense of self","volume":"25","author":"Ferr\u00e8","year":"2014","journal-title":"Psychological Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1715123115","article-title":"Tactile distance illusions reflect a coherent stretch of tactile space","volume":"115","author":"Fiori","year":"2018","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/121.5.843","article-title":"Pure somaesthetic alexia: Somaesthetic-verbal disconnection for letters","volume":"121","author":"Fukatsu","year":"1998","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1990.00530060033012","article-title":"Neurological findings in Alzheimer\u2019s disease and normal aging","volume":"47","author":"Galasko","year":"1990","journal-title":"Archives of Neurology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03194759","article-title":"Relative roles of spatial and intensive cues in the discrimination of spatial tactile stimuli","volume":"64","author":"Gibson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Perception & Psychophysics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0120","series-title":"The Senses Considered as Perceptual Systems","author":"Gibson","year":"1966"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-142X.2001.01032.x","article-title":"Development and evolution of the mammalian limb: Adaptive diversification of nails, hooves, and claws","volume":"3","author":"Hamrick","year":"2001","journal-title":"Evolution and Development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1990.01810130029005","article-title":"Signs of central nervous system dysfunction in obsessive-compulsive disorder","volume":"47","author":"Hollander","year":"1990","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0135","series-title":"The Principles of Psychology","author":"James","year":"1890"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1978.sp012411","article-title":"Tactile sensibility in the human hand: Receptive field characteristics of mechanoreceptive units in the glabrous skin area","volume":"281","author":"Johansson","year":"1978","journal-title":"Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0145","series-title":"The World of Touch [L.E. Krueger, trans.]","author":"Katz","year":"1925"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-196703000-00001","article-title":"The deformed finger nail, a frequent result of failure to repair nail bed injuries","volume":"7","author":"Kleinert","year":"1967","journal-title":"Journal of Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1975.sp010835","article-title":"Stimulus-response functions of slowly adapting mechanoreceptors in the human glabrous skin area","volume":"245","author":"Knibest\u00f6l","year":"1975","journal-title":"Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.1936.tb02276.x","article-title":"The problem of the claw in primates","volume":"106","author":"Le Gros Clark","year":"1936","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0165","series-title":"The Antecedents of Man","author":"Le Gros Clark","year":"1959"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03194906","article-title":"Haptic identification of common objects: Effects of constraining the manual exploration process","volume":"66","author":"Lederman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Perception & Psychophysics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0175","article-title":"Precise tactile localization on the human fingernail","volume":"291","author":"Longo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0180","series-title":"The Invisible Hand: Neurocognitive Mechanisms of Human Hand Function","author":"Longo","year":"2025"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2012.11.013","article-title":"Seeing the body distorts tactile size perception","volume":"126","author":"Longo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2025.11.002","article-title":"Precise tactile localisation of hair stimulation in humans","volume":"194","author":"Longo","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0195","series-title":"Microcosmus: An Essay Concerning Man and His Relation to the World [E. Hamilton & E.E. Constance Jones, trans.]","author":"Lotze","year":"1885"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00449429","article-title":"Quality of life of persons with onychomycosis","volume":"2","author":"Lubeck","year":"1993","journal-title":"Quality of Life Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1159\/000284939","article-title":"Towards an understanding of sensory soft signs of schizophrenia","volume":"28","author":"Martin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Psychopathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2019.10.043","article-title":"Somatosensory cortex efficiently processes touch located beyond the body","volume":"29","author":"Miller","year":"2019","journal-title":"Current Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1163\/22134808-bja10134","article-title":"Extending tactile space with handheld tools: A re-analysis and review","author":"Miller","year":"2024","journal-title":"Multisensory Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0460-0","article-title":"Sensing with tools extends somatosensory processing beyond the body","volume":"561","author":"Miller","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00371838","article-title":"Merkel cells in ontogenesis of human nails","volume":"285","author":"Moll","year":"1993","journal-title":"Archives of Dermatological Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.05.016","article-title":"Exteroceptive aspects of nociception: Insights from graphesthesia and two-point discrimination","volume":"151","author":"M\u00f8rch","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.2307\/1420136","article-title":"Inferring the locus and orientation of the perceiver from responses to stimulation of the skin","volume":"77","author":"Natsoulas","year":"1964","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3932(71)90067-4","article-title":"The assessment and analysis of handedness: The Edinburgh inventory","volume":"9","author":"Oldfield","year":"1971","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10519","article-title":"Paucity of presumptive Ruffini corpuscles in the index finger pad of humans","volume":"456","author":"Par\u00e9","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Comparative Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0250","first-page":"124","article-title":"Protective gloves for use in high-risk patients: How much do they affect the dexterity of the surgeon?","volume":"79","author":"Phillips","year":"1997","journal-title":"Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.1977.tb02567.x","article-title":"An unusual congenital nail dystrophy ('soft nail disease\u2019)","volume":"2","author":"Prandi","year":"1977","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Dermatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.11.044","article-title":"What vs. where in touch: An fMRI study","volume":"25","author":"Reed","year":"2005","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.40.8.1203","article-title":"Cortical-basal ganglionic degeneration","volume":"40","author":"Riley","year":"1990","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2017.05.014","article-title":"Standard body-space relationships: Fingers hold spatial information","volume":"165","author":"Romano","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0275","first-page":"1164","article-title":"The standard posture of the hand","volume":"45","author":"Romano","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1080\/13554794.2020.1831546","article-title":"Asymmetric B\u00e1lint\u2019s syndrome with multimodal agnosia, bilateral agraphesthesia, and ineffective kinesthetic reading due to subcortical hemorrhage in the left parieto-occipito-temporal area","volume":"26","author":"Sakurai","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurocase"},{"issue":"5920","key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1166467","article-title":"The role of fingerprints in the coding of tactile information probed with a biomimetic sensor","volume":"323","author":"Scheibert","year":"2009","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2013.08.112","article-title":"Tactile sensibility on the fingernail","volume":"38","author":"Seah","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Hand Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03212182","article-title":"Importance of head axes in perception of cutaneous patterns drawn on vertical body surfaces","volume":"49","author":"Sekiyama","year":"1991","journal-title":"Perception & Psychophysics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S0047-2484(85)80095-6","article-title":"Phylogeny of the nail","volume":"14","author":"Spearman","year":"1985","journal-title":"Journal of Human Evolution"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2015.10.021","article-title":"Tactile asymbolia","volume":"26","author":"Talmasov","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0310","series-title":"EuroHaptics 2008: Vol. LNCS 5024","first-page":"543","article-title":"A novel tactile device considering nail function for changing capability of tactile perception","author":"Tanaka","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.9543-22","article-title":"Dystonia-like movement disorders ameliorated by shear force and pressure stimulation after small infarction in the left posterolateral thalamus","volume":"62","author":"Teraoka","year":"2023","journal-title":"Internal Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1176\/jnp.7.2.218","article-title":"Do soft signs predict treatment outcome in obsessive-compulsive disorder?","volume":"7","author":"Thienemann","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2939","DOI":"10.1113\/JP282873","article-title":"Slowly-adapting type II afferents contribute to conscious touch sensation in humans: Evidence from single unit intraneural microstimulation","volume":"600","author":"Watkins","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0330","series-title":"Arboreal Man","author":"Wood Jones","year":"1916"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.10078","article-title":"Anatomy and physiology of the perionychium","volume":"16","author":"Zook","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clinical Anatomy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(84)80153-7","article-title":"A study of nail bed injuries: Causes, treatment, and prognosis","volume":"9","author":"Zook","year":"1984","journal-title":"Journal of Hand Surgery"}],"container-title":["Cognition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0010027725003610?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0010027725003610?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T21:18:45Z","timestamp":1771535925000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0010027725003610"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":68,"alternative-id":["S0010027725003610"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420","relation":{},"ISSN":["0010-0277"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0010-0277","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Graphesthesia on human fingernails","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Cognition","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cognition.2025.106420","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"106420"}}