{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T20:07:25Z","timestamp":1790885245054,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003621","name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003621","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014188","name":"Korea Ministry of Science and ICT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2023\\u201300217471"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023\\u201300217471"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T21:42:35Z","timestamp":1755553355000},"page":"115054","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"P2","title":["Controlled drug release properties of allopurinol-incorporated double-layered chitosan\/starch patches for gout therapy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"256","author":[{"given":"Kyeongjung","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han-Seong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min-Jin","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang-Moon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Se-woon","family":"Choe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"WonWoo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwangcheol Casey","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3519-3071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soon-Do","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2006.08.020","article-title":"Xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of some Indian medical plants","volume":"109","author":"Umamaheswari","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.160452","article-title":"Serum uric acid and the risk of incident and recurrent gout: a systematic review","volume":"44","author":"Shiozawa","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2011.207","article-title":"Mechanisms of joint damage in gout: evidence from cellular and imaging studies","volume":"8","author":"McQueen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1080\/14740338.2019.1594771","article-title":"Safety and tolerability of available urate-lowering drugs: a critical review","volume":"18","author":"Strilchuk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Saf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3500","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.4c07716","article-title":"Enhanced and sustained transdermal delivery of oxypurinol using thermosensitive gel combined with polymeric solid microneedles","volume":"10","author":"SNF","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Omega"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib6","article-title":"Optimizing the component ratio to develop the biocomposites with carrageenan\/collagen\/allopurinol for the controlled drug release","volume":"68","author":"Chinh","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Drug Deliv. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e685","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(24)00012-3","article-title":"The gout epidemic in French Polynesia: a modelling study of data from the ma'I u\u2032u epidemiological survey","volume":"12","author":"Pascart","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Glob. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2157","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-205577","article-title":"Insights into the poor prognosis of allopurinol-induced severe cutaneous adverse reactions: the impact of renal insufficiency, high plasma levels of oxypurinol and granulysin","volume":"74","author":"Chung","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2179","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13059","article-title":"Transdermal patches: history, development and pharmacology","volume":"172","author":"Pastore","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2024.08.209","article-title":"A wearable iontophoresis enables dual-responsive transdermal delivery for atopic dermatitis treatment","volume":"678","author":"Liang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-024-02781-2","article-title":"Development and characterization of transdermal patches using novel Thymoquinone-L-Arginine-Based polyamide nanocapsules for potential use in the management of psoriasis","volume":"25","author":"Dahmash","year":"2024","journal-title":"AAPS PharmSciTech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15312","DOI":"10.1039\/C7NJ02539D","article-title":"Cellulose nanofibrils\/chitosan based transdermal drug delivery vehicle for controlled release of ketorolac tromethamine","volume":"41","author":"Sarkar","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. J. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2009.05.017","article-title":"Double-layer weekly sustained release transdermal patch containing gestodene and ethinylestradiol","volume":"377","author":"Gao","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.067","article-title":"Multilayer nanofibrous patch comprising chamomile loaded carboxyethyl chitosan\/poly(vinyl alcohol) and polycaprolactone as a potential wound dressing","volume":"147","author":"Shokrollahi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.004","article-title":"Preparation and evaluation of functional allopurinol imprinted starch based biomaterials for transdermal drug delivery","volume":"175","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2022.04.116","article-title":"Synthesis and drug release properties of melanin added functional allopurinol incorporated starch-based biomaterials","volume":"209","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib17","first-page":"355","article-title":"Developing natural polymers for skin wound healing","volume":"33","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bioact. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/anbr.202300131","article-title":"Natural Polymer-Based materials for wound healing applications","volume":"4","author":"Ho","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. NanoBiomed Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2018.07.023","article-title":"Chitosan-gelatin porous scaffold incorporated with chitosan nanoparticles for growth factor delivery in tissue engineering","volume":"202","author":"Azizian","year":"2018","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1667","DOI":"10.1007\/s10311-019-00904-x","article-title":"Applications of chitosan in food, pharmaceuticals, Medicine, cosmetics, agriculture, textiles, pulp and paper, biotechnology, and environmental chemistry","volume":"17","author":"Morin-Crini","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Chem. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2022.120058","article-title":"Advances in chitosan-based wound dressings: modifications, fabrications, applications and prospects","volume":"297","author":"Ji","year":"2022","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.227","article-title":"Starch modified alginate nanoparticles for drug delivery application","volume":"173","author":"Thomas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2017.05.106","article-title":"Nanocomposites based on banana starch reinforced with cellulose nanofibers isolated from banana peels","volume":"505","author":"Pelissari","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Colloid Interface Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2020.116292","article-title":"Research advances in chemical modifications of starch for hydrophobicity and its applications: a review","volume":"240","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tifs.2017.03.004","article-title":"Structure, functionality and applications of debranched starch: a review","volume":"63","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2011.03.051","article-title":"Higuchi equation: derivation, applications, use and misuse","volume":"418","author":"Siepmann","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2015.05.012","article-title":"Investigation of curcumin release from chitosan\/cellulose micro crystals (CMC) antimicrobial films","volume":"79","author":"Bajpai","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2015.03.027","article-title":"Release mechanism of omega-3 fatty acid in kappa-carrageenan\/polydextrose undergoing glass transition","volume":"126","author":"Paramita","year":"2015","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.136803","article-title":"Drug release profile of phenytoin-loaded starch-based biomaterials incorporating hierarchical microparticles with photothermal effects","volume":"282","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1080\/21691401.2017.1304403","article-title":"A comprehensive mathematical model of drug release kinetics from nano-liposomes, derived from optimization studies of cationic PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin formulations for drug-gene delivery","volume":"46","author":"Haghiralsadat","year":"2018","journal-title":"Artif. Cell. Nanomed. Biotechnol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2019.10.004","article-title":"Solid lipid nanoparticle-based dissolving microneedles: a promising intradermal lymph targeting drug delivery system with potential for enhanced treatment of lymphatic filariasis","volume":"316","author":"Permana","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2661","DOI":"10.1002\/app.22807","article-title":"Stresses associated with diffusion in polyimide and polyacrylics films","volume":"99","author":"Xu","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Appl. Polym. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2009.05.018","article-title":"In vitro xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity of the fractions of erythrina stricta roxb","volume":"124","author":"Umamaheswari","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2018.07.040","article-title":"A simple and rapid colorimetric probe for uric acid detection based on redox reaction of 3,3\u2032,5,5\u2032-tetramethylbenzidine with HAuCl4","volume":"555","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. APhysicochem. Eng. Asp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.134324","article-title":"Fucoidan refined from saccharina japonica ameliorates ambient particulate matter-induced inflammation in keratinocytes, underlying fibroblasts, and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate-induced ear edema in mice","volume":"277","author":"Kirindage","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib36","article-title":"Effect of polymer blending on mechanical and barrier properties of starch-polyvinyl alcohol based biodegradable composite films","volume":"44","author":"Patil","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Biosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2005.11.099","article-title":"Effect of hydrophilic group on water droplet contact angles on surfaces of acid modified SiLK and parylene polymers","volume":"278","author":"Pimanpang","year":"2006","journal-title":"Colloids Surf. APhysicochem. Eng. Asp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2017.12.064","article-title":"Developing a Green and edible film from cassia gum: the effects of glycerol and sorbitol","volume":"175","author":"Cao","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clean. Prod."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0099-5428(08)60087-8","article-title":"Allopurinol","volume":"7","author":"Benezra","year":"1978","journal-title":"Anal. Profiles Drug Subst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.5012\/bkcs.2010.31.6.1535","article-title":"Spectrophotometric determination of allopurinol drug in tablets: spectroscopic characterization of the solid CT complexes","volume":"31","author":"Refat","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bull. Korean Chem. Soc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2013.08.045","article-title":"Synthesis, physicochemical properties of allopurinol derivatives and their biological activity against trypanosoma cruzi","volume":"69","author":"Raviolo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1208\/s12249-020-01695-z","article-title":"Formulation, optimization, and evaluation of Allopurinol-Loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticles for targeting kidney in management of hyperuricemic nephrolithiasis: formulation, optimization, and evaluation of ABNPs for kidney targeting","volume":"21","author":"Kandav","year":"2020","journal-title":"AAPS PharmSciTech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2019.04.004","article-title":"Encapsulation of allopurinol by glucose cross-linked gelatin\/zein nanofibers: characterization and release behavior","volume":"94","author":"Deng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Hydrocoll."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2533","DOI":"10.1021\/bm070014y","article-title":"Interactions between alginate and chitosan biopolymers characterized using FTIR and XPS","volume":"8","author":"Lawrie","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2023.128087","article-title":"Sustained drug release behavior of captopril-incorporated chitosan\/carboxymethyl cellulose biomaterials for antihypertensive therapy","volume":"255","author":"Kim","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2007.11.008","article-title":"Characterization of drug-chitosan interaction by 1H NMR, FTIR and isothermal titration calorimetry","volume":"69","author":"Boonsongrit","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2018.e01017","article-title":"Interactions between polyols and wheat biopolymers in a bread model system fortified with inulin: a Fourier transform infrared study","volume":"4","author":"Pourfarzad","year":"2018","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procbio.2023.03.034","article-title":"Photothermally controlled drug release of naproxen-incorporated mungbean starch\/PVA biomaterials adding melanin nanoparticles","volume":"129","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Process Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2006.06.014","article-title":"The influence of citric acid on the properties of thermoplastic starch\/linear low-density polyethylene blends","volume":"67","author":"Ning","year":"2007","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2018.02.079","article-title":"Chitosan\/pvp-based mucoadhesive membranes as a promising delivery system of betamethasone-17-valerate for aphthous stomatitis","volume":"190","author":"Sizilio","year":"2018","journal-title":"Carbohydr. Polym."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.4c01058","article-title":"in vitro drug release and ex vivo dermal drug permeation studies of selected commercial benzoyl peroxide topical formulations: correlation between human and porcine skin models","volume":"22","author":"Brighenti","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2015.03.030","article-title":"A custom tailored model to investigate skin penetration in porcine skin and its comparison with human skin","volume":"95","author":"Herbig","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2024.08.032","article-title":"Microneedle transdermal drug delivery as a candidate for the treatment of gouty arthritis: material structure, design strategies and prospects","volume":"187","author":"Yi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Biomater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3076","DOI":"10.1002\/adv.22078","article-title":"Effect of hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymer on the release of ketoprofen and allopurinol from bilayer matrix transdermal patch","volume":"37","author":"Arshad","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Polym. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1704","DOI":"10.1039\/D2BM01836E","article-title":"Transdermal delivery of allopurinol to acute hyperuricemic mice via polymer microneedles for the regulation of serum uric acid levels","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomater. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib56","article-title":"Self-assembled mixed nanomicelles based hydrogel for enhanced transdermal bioavailability of allopurinol in gout therapy: in vitro and in vivo evaluation","volume":"101","author":"Sumera","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Drug Deliv. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib57","article-title":"Iontophoresis-driven transdermal drug delivery system based on porous microneedles for hyperuricemia treatment","volume":"671","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int. J. Pharm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2015.12.024","article-title":"Hydroxylated chalcones with dual properties: xanthine oxidase inhibitors and radical scavengers","volume":"24","author":"Hofmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bioorg. Med. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2007.11.023","article-title":"Structure-activity relationship of coumarin derivatives on xanthine oxidase-inhibiting and free radical-scavenging activities","volume":"75","author":"Lin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharm."}],"container-title":["Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0927776525005612?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0927776525005612?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T18:32:56Z","timestamp":1772821976000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0927776525005612"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":59,"alternative-id":["S0927776525005612"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054","relation":{},"ISSN":["0927-7765"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0927-7765","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Controlled drug release properties of allopurinol-incorporated double-layered chitosan\/starch patches for gout therapy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.colsurfb.2025.115054","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"115054"}}