{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T21:15:00Z","timestamp":1771449300612,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Computational Biology and Chemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T03:15:30Z","timestamp":1765422930000},"page":"108840","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Tracing the molecular evolution of Foxp2 proteins in vertebrates from fish to tetrapods: Insights into poly-Q tract variation, structural changes, and interaction networks"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"121","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3505-4397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmet Efe","family":"K\u00f6seo\u011flu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G\u00fcls\u00fcm","family":"Deniz K\u00f6seo\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Buminhan","family":"\u00d6zg\u00fcltekin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-8411-8337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bilge \u0130rem","family":"G\u00f6\u00e7","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabina","family":"Neziri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nehir","family":"\u00d6zdemir \u00d6zgent\u00fcrk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv416","article-title":"The MEME suite","volume":"43","author":"Bailey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-142X.2002.02026.x","article-title":"Fins to limbs: what the fossils say","volume":"4","author":"Coates","year":"2002","journal-title":"Evol. Dev."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1488","article-title":"Forkhead-box transcription factors and their role in the immune system","volume":"4","author":"Coffer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"issue":"6900","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01025","article-title":"Molecular evolution of FOXP2, a gene involved in speech and language","volume":"418","author":"Enard","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1186\/s11689-016-9177-2","article-title":"Functional characterization of rare FOXP2 variants in neurodevelopmental disorder","volume":"8","author":"Estruch","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurodev. Disord."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1985.tb00420.x","article-title":"Confidence limits on phylogenies: an approach using the bootstrap","volume":"39","author":"Felsenstein","year":"1985","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10654","article-title":"Characterization of Foxp2 and Foxp1 mRNA and protein in the developing and mature brain","volume":"460","author":"Ferland","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1086\/508902","article-title":"Absence of a paternally inherited FOXP2 gene in developmental verbal dyspraxia","volume":"79","author":"Feuk","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.00184","article-title":"Role of protein phosphorylation in the regulation of cell cycle and DNA-related processes in bacteria","volume":"7","author":"Garcia-Garcia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib10","first-page":"310","article-title":"Prediction of glycosylation across the human proteome and the correlation to protein function","volume":"2002","author":"Gupta","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biocomputing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-7-441","article-title":"Exhaustive assignment of compositional bias reveals universally prevalent biased regions: analysis of functional associations in human and Drosophila","volume":"7","author":"Harrison","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMC Bioinforma."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1093\/jb\/mvm235","article-title":"The medaka FoxP2, a homologue of human language gene FOXP2, has a diverged structure and function","volume":"143","author":"Itakura","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Biochem."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbx108","article-title":"MAFFT online service: multiple sequence alignment, interactive sequence choice and visualization","volume":"20","author":"Katoh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brief. Bioinform."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msw054","article-title":"MEGA7: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets","volume":"33","author":"Kumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0033130","article-title":"Foxp2 mutations impair auditory-motor association learning","volume":"7","author":"Kurt","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0000900","article-title":"Accelerated FoxP2 evolution in echolocating bats","volume":"2","author":"Li","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1086\/509092","article-title":"The evolution of human speech: its anatomical and neural bases","volume":"48","author":"Lieberman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr. Anthropol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1086\/430841","article-title":"Identification of FOXP2 truncation as a novel cause of developmental speech and language deficits","volume":"76","author":"MacDermot","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw1129","article-title":"CDD\/SPARCLE: functional classification of proteins via subfamily domain architectures","volume":"45","author":"Marchler-Bauer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nucl. Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-1119(03)00741-8","article-title":"Phylogenetic relationships of the Fox (Forkhead) gene family in the Bilateria","volume":"316","author":"Mazet","year":"2003","journal-title":"Gene"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1740","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.158105.113","article-title":"Coelacanth genomes reveal signatures for evolutionary transition from water to land","volume":"23","author":"Nikaido","year":"2013","journal-title":"Genome Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv1189","article-title":"Reference sequence (RefSeq) database at NCBI: current status, taxonomic expansion, and functional annotation","volume":"44","author":"O\u2019Leary","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2017.00212","article-title":"The FOXP2-driven network in developmental disorders and neurodegeneration","volume":"11","author":"Oswald","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8109","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-022-07359-4","article-title":"N-glycosylation, a leading role in viral infection and immunity development","volume":"49","author":"Pandey","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Rep."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a024257","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a024257","article-title":"Prion-like characteristics of polyglutamine-containing proteins","volume":"8","author":"Pearce","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-0004(98)01350-4","article-title":"Glutamine repeats and inherited neurodegenerative diseases: molecular aspects","volume":"24","author":"Perutz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Trends Biochem. Sci."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.20084","article-title":"UCSF Chimera\u2014a visualization system for exploratory research and analysis","volume":"25","author":"Pettersen","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Comput. Chem."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msq182","article-title":"Alternative splicing and gene duplication in the evolution of the FoxP gene subfamily","volume":"28","author":"Santos","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"694","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2005.10.004","article-title":"An evolutionary perspective on FoxP2: strictly for the birds?","volume":"15","author":"Scharff","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"issue":"1574","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2124","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2011.0001","article-title":"Evo-devo, deep homology and FoxP2: implications for the evolution of speech and language","volume":"366","author":"Scharff","year":"2011","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B. Biol. Sci."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddm213","article-title":"Polyglutamine diseases: emerging concepts in pathogenesis and therapy","volume":"16","author":"Shao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet"},{"issue":"27","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9643","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0503739102","article-title":"Altered ultrasonic vocalization in mice with a disruption in the Foxp2 gene","volume":"102","author":"Shu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1002\/0471250953.bi0313s48","article-title":"Clustal omega","volume":"48","author":"Sievers","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Protoc. Bioinforma."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0083858","article-title":"Rapid diversification of FOXP2 in teleosts through gene duplication in the teleost-specific whole genome duplication event","volume":"8","author":"Song","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2011.02.024","article-title":"Genetic variation in FOXP2 alters grey matter concentrations in schizophrenia patients","volume":"493","author":"\u0160paniel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-16844-x","article-title":"FOXP2 variation in great ape populations offers insight into the evolution of communication skills","volume":"7","author":"Staes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1038\/emboj.2013.79","article-title":"Precision mapping of the human O-GalNAc glycoproteome through SimpleCell technology","volume":"32","author":"Steentoft","year":"2013","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"issue":"Database_","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib38","first-page":"561","article-title":"The STRING database in 2011: functional interaction networks of proteins, globally integrated and scored","volume":"39","author":"Szklarczyk","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2725","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/mst197","article-title":"MEGA6: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 6.0","volume":"30","author":"Tamura","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib40","article-title":"PolyQ length co-evolution in neural proteins","volume":"3","author":"Vaglietti","year":"2021","journal-title":"NAR Genom. Bioinform."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2023.108036","article-title":"PolyQ length-based molecular encoding of vocalization frequency in FOXP2","volume":"26","author":"Vaglietti","year":"2023","journal-title":"iScience"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac1096","article-title":"The conserved domain database in 2023","volume":"51","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nucl. Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2018.00070","article-title":"Problems in fish-to-tetrapod transition: genetic expeditions into old specimens","volume":"6","author":"Wood","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2011.10.024","article-title":"Improving the physical realism and structural accuracy of protein models by a two-step atomic-level energy minimization","volume":"101","author":"Xu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biophys. J."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1586","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msm088","article-title":"PAML 4: phylogenetic analysis by maximum likelihood","volume":"24","author":"Yang","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv342","article-title":"I-TASSER server: new development for protein structure and function predictions","volume":"43","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1825","DOI":"10.1093\/genetics\/162.4.1825","article-title":"Accelerated protein evolution and origins of human-specific features: Foxp2 as an example","volume":"162","author":"Zhang","year":"2002","journal-title":"Genetics"}],"container-title":["Computational Biology and Chemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1476927125005043?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1476927125005043?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T20:36:20Z","timestamp":1771446980000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1476927125005043"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["S1476927125005043"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840","relation":{},"ISSN":["1476-9271"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1476-9271","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Tracing the molecular evolution of Foxp2 proteins in vertebrates from fish to tetrapods: Insights into poly-Q tract variation, structural changes, and interaction networks","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Computational Biology and Chemistry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compbiolchem.2025.108840","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier Ltd. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"108840"}}