{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T17:37:32Z","timestamp":1791308252831,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,1]],"date-time":"2013-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1383264000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["24\u20132"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24\u20132"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Comprehensive Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,10]],"date-time":"2013-07-10T06:30:28Z","timestamp":1373437828000},"page":"1215-1221","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Temperament and character profiles of Japanese university students with depressive episodes and ideas of suicide or self-harm: A PHQ-9 screening study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Nobuyuki","family":"Mitsui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Asakura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yutaka","family":"Fujii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Kako","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teruaki","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koji","family":"Oba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Inoue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ichiro","family":"Kusumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.56.7.617","article-title":"Prevalence of and risk factors for lifetime suicide attempts in the National Comorbidity Survey","volume":"56","author":"Kessler","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.20215","article-title":"Personality traits as risk factors of depression and anxiety among Japanese students","volume":"62","author":"Matsudaira","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4679(200012)56:12<1579::AID-8>3.0.CO;2-K","article-title":"Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) as predictors of depression among Japanese college students","volume":"56","author":"Naito","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/S0191-8869(00)00031-3","article-title":"The relationship between personality and mood: comparison of the BDI and the TCI","volume":"30","author":"Peirson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pers Individ Dif"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1997.80.1.251","article-title":"Correlations between the Temperament and Character Inventory and the Self-rating Depression Scale among Japanese Students","volume":"80","author":"Tanaka","year":"1997","journal-title":"Psychol Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2010.12.021","article-title":"Can onset and recovery in depression be predicted by temperament? A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"135","author":"Kampman","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2004.00301.x","article-title":"Subthreshold depression as a risk indicator for major depressive disorder: a systematic review of prospective studies","volume":"109","author":"Cuijpers","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2005.00654.x","article-title":"Minor depression as a predictor of the first onset of major depressive disorder over a 15-year follow-up","volume":"113","author":"Fogel","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.108.054239","article-title":"Minor depression during adolescence and mental health outcomes during adulthood","volume":"195","author":"Johnson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1993.01820240075009","article-title":"Differential diagnosis of personality disorders by the seven-factor model of temperament and character","volume":"50","author":"Svrakic","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(96)00024-6","article-title":"Dimensional assessment of personality in an out-patient sample: relations of the systems of Millon and Cloninger","volume":"30","author":"Bayon","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0060","series-title":"Feeling good: the science of well being","author":"Cloninger","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1993.01820240059008","article-title":"A psychobiological model of temperament and character","volume":"50","author":"Cloninger","year":"1993","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2005.12.034","article-title":"Can personality assessment predict future depression? A twelve-month follow-up of 631 subjects","volume":"92","author":"Cloninger","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(98)00153-0","article-title":"Measurement of temperament and character in mood disorders: a model of fundamental states as personality types","volume":"51","author":"Cloninger","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2008.09.008","article-title":"Temperament and character personality profile in relation to suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in major depressed patients","volume":"170","author":"Conrad","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2007.10.006","article-title":"Temperament and character of suicide attempters","volume":"42","author":"Calati","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2012.11.002","article-title":"Temperament and character profiles of Japanese university students with suicide completion","volume":"54","author":"Mitsui","year":"2013","journal-title":"Compr Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.18.1737","article-title":"Validation and utility of a self-report version of PRIME-MD: the PHQ primary care study","volume":"282","author":"Spitzer","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-007-0333-y","article-title":"Screening for depression in medical settings with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ): a diagnostic meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"Gilbody","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2009.05.003","article-title":"Assessment of mood: guides for clinicians","volume":"68","author":"Furukawa","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2007.06.004","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of the mood module of the Patient Health Questionnaire: a systematic review","volume":"29","author":"Wittkampf","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0115","first-page":"952","article-title":"The patient health questionnaire, Japanese version: validity according to the mini-international neuropsychiatric interview-plus","volume":"101","author":"Muramatsu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Psychol Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-12-73","article-title":"Utility and limitations of PHQ-9 in a clinic specializing in psychiatric care","volume":"12","author":"Inoue","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0125","first-page":"379","article-title":"Cloninger's seven-factor model of temperament and character and Japanese version of Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI)","volume":"7","author":"Kijima","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Psychiatr Diag Clin Eval"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2010.04.002","article-title":"Validity and reliability of the Japanese version of the Temperament and Character Inventory: a study of university and college students","volume":"52","author":"Takeuchi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Compr Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2010.06.012","article-title":"Personality and the perception of health and happiness","volume":"128","author":"Cloninger","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/0959-4388(94)90083-3","article-title":"Temperament and personality","volume":"4","author":"Cloninger","year":"1994","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.4306\/pi.2009.6.3.150","article-title":"Comparison of Clinical Features and Personality Dimensions between Patients with Major Depressive Disorder and Normal Control","volume":"6","author":"Hur","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychiatry investig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3956(98)00036-3","article-title":"Temperament and character inventory (TCI) and depression","volume":"33","author":"Hansenne","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2004.06.005","article-title":"Temperament and depressive symptoms: a population-based longitudinal study on Cloninger's psychobiological temperament model","volume":"83","author":"Elovainio","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2005.03.014","article-title":"High harm avoidance and low self-directedness in euthymic young adults with recurrent, early-onset depression","volume":"87","author":"Smith","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.4306\/pi.2012.9.2.119","article-title":"Temperament and character in euthymic major depressive disorder patients: the effect of previous suicide attempts and psychotic mood episodes","volume":"9","author":"Ekinci","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychiatry investig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.60.5.490","article-title":"A sib-pair study of the Temperament and Character Inventory scales in major depression","volume":"60","author":"Farmer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1939","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-2543","article-title":"Self-injurious behaviors in a college population","volume":"117","author":"Whitlock","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2015.07.005","type":"erratum","label":"Erratum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,1]],"date-time":"2015-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1443657600000}}],"container-title":["Comprehensive Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0010440X13001314?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0010440X13001314?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,22]],"date-time":"2022-06-22T19:56:41Z","timestamp":1655927801000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0010440X13001314"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S0010440X13001314"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.comppsych.2013.05.014","relation":{"erratum":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2015.07.005","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0010-440X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0010-440X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]}}}