{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T02:32:30Z","timestamp":1786588350392,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,1]],"date-time":"2016-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467331200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Comprehensive Psychiatry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,6]],"date-time":"2016-04-06T05:17:38Z","timestamp":1459919858000},"page":"78-85","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":97,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Prevalence of depression in Syrian refugees and the influence of religiosity"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Wadih J.","family":"Naja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michaelangelo P.","family":"Aoun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eliane L.","family":"El Khoury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabiola J. Bou","family":"Abdallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramzi S.","family":"Haddad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0005","first-page":"152","volume":"vol. 189","author":"United Nations","year":"1954"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0010","author":"UNHCR Global Trends"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0015","author":"United Nation High Commissioner for Refugees"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0020","author":"Communications division, UNRWA headquarters, Jerusalem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0025","series-title":"UNHCR Statistical Yearbook 2013","author":"United Nation High Commissioner for Refugees","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61461-0","article-title":"Syrian refugees in Lebanon: facts and solutions","volume":"382","author":"Refaat","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0035","author":"El Chammay"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2242","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61421-X","article-title":"Response to Syria's health crisis \u2013 poor and uncoordinated","volume":"381","author":"Coutts","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0045","first-page":"1596","article-title":"Mental health care in Lebanon: policy, plans and programmes","volume":"15","author":"Chahine","year":"2009","journal-title":"East Mediterr Health J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.04.032","article-title":"Depression and anxiety in labor migrants and refugees \u2013 a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"69","author":"Lindert","year":"2009","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1002\/hpm.2119","article-title":"Chronic disease and disability among Iraqi populations displaced in Jordan and Syria","volume":"28","author":"Doocy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Health Plann Manage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.112.120535","article-title":"Mental disorders, disability and treatment gap in a protracted refugee setting","volume":"204","author":"Llosa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E10","DOI":"10.5888\/pcd12.140424","article-title":"Khoury. chronic diseases, lack of medications, and depression among Syrian refugees in Jordan, 2013\u20132014","volume":"12","author":"Gammouh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Prev Chronic Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e54107","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0054107","article-title":"Description and predictive factors of individual outcomes in a refugee camp based mental health intervention (Beirut, Lebanon)","volume":"8","author":"Bastin","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0075","author":"Amel Association International"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0080","series-title":"Global Burden Of Diseases 2004 Update","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0085","series-title":"Handbook of Religion and Health","author":"Koenig","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0b013e32834bb8f4","article-title":"Religion and spirituality in psychiatric practice","volume":"24","author":"Camp","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Opin Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.5.611","article-title":"Measuring trauma and health status in refugees: a critical review","volume":"288","author":"Hollifield","year":"2002","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1080\/13607860600735812","article-title":"Religiosity and depression in older people: evidence from underprivileged refugee and non-refugee communities in Lebanon","volume":"11","author":"Chaaya","year":"2007","journal-title":"Aging Ment Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0105","series-title":"Biostatistics: A Foundation for Analysis in the Health Sciences","author":"Daniel","year":"1999"},{"issue":"Suppl. 20","key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0110","first-page":"22","article-title":"The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10","volume":"59","author":"Sheehan","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-9338(97)83297-X","article-title":"The validity of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) according to the SCID-P and its reliability","volume":"12","author":"Sheehan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2004.11.007","article-title":"Moroccan colloquial Arabic version of the mini international neuropsychiatric interview (MINI): qualitative and quantitative validation","volume":"20","author":"Kadri","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0125","first-page":"127","article-title":"Developing and testing an original Arabic religiosity scale","volume":"21","author":"Khalaf","year":"2014","journal-title":"MECPsych"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1663","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.160.9.1663","article-title":"Smoking in relation to depression: historical trends from the Stirling County study","volume":"160","author":"Murphy","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1214\/ss\/1009213286","article-title":"Interval estimation for a binomial proportion","volume":"16","author":"Brown","year":"2001","journal-title":"Stat Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karam EG, Mneimneh ZN, Dimassi H et al. Lifetime prevalence of mental disorders in Lebanon: first onset, treatment, and exposure to war. PLoS Med 2005; 5:e61. doi: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.0050061.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0050061"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)61027-6","article-title":"Prevalence of serious mental disorder in 7000 refugees resettled in western countries: a systematic review","volume":"365","author":"Fazel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1093\/jrs\/9.1.73","article-title":"A refugee protest action in a host country: possibilities and limitations of an intervention by a mental health unit","volume":"9","author":"Lavik","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Refug Stud"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1548","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.148.11.1548","article-title":"Trauma experiences, post traumatic stress, dissociation, and depression in Cambodian refugees","volume":"148","author":"Carlson","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2128","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13692-6","article-title":"Common mental disorders in postconflict settings","volume":"361","author":"de Jong","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1016\/0277-9536(94)00181-R","article-title":"Psychological responses to war and atrocity: the limitations of current concepts","volume":"40","author":"Bracken","year":"1995","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1177\/136346159703400301","article-title":"Language, culture and psychopathology: conceptual and methodological issues","volume":"34","author":"Westermeyer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Transcult Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-005-0003-5","article-title":"Physical and mental health of Afghan, Iranian and Somali asylum seekers and refugees living in the Netherlands","volume":"41","author":"Gerritsen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-012-0539-0","article-title":"Conflict and mental health: a cross-sectional epidemiological study in Nepal","volume":"48","author":"Luitel","year":"2013","journal-title":"Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.1052","article-title":"Prevalence of war-related mental health conditions and association with displacement status in postwar Jaffna District, Sri Lanka","volume":"306","author":"Husain","year":"2011","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0190","series-title":"Assessment of Trauma Experiences, Mental Health and Individual and Community Coping Resources of Refugee Syrian Population Displaced in North Bekaa, Lebanon","article-title":"M\u00e9decins du monde","author":"Perez-Sales","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.177.6.486","article-title":"Gender differences in depression. Crirical review","volume":"177","author":"Piccinelli","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1080\/09540260124661","article-title":"Religion and mental health: evidence for an association","volume":"13","author":"Koenig","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int Rev Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0205","series-title":"Handbook of the Psychology of Religion And Spirituality","first-page":"435","article-title":"Do religion and spirituality influence health?","author":"Oman","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0210","series-title":"The Handbook of Spiritual Development in Childhood and Adolescence","first-page":"399","article-title":"Religion, Spirituality, and Children's Physical Health","author":"Oman","year":"2006"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1177\/1359105302007004326","article-title":"\u2018Does religion cause health?\u2019: differing interpretations and diverse meanings","volume":"7","author":"Oman","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Health Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.2307\/2648114","article-title":"Religious involvement and U.S. adult mortality","volume":"36","author":"Hummer","year":"1999","journal-title":"Demography"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1177\/135910539900400307","article-title":"A longitudinal study of religiosity and mortality risk","volume":"4","author":"Clark","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Health Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0230","first-page":"962860","article-title":"Religious and spiritual factors in depression: Review and integration of the research","volume":"2012","author":"Bonelli","year":"2012","journal-title":"Depress Res Treat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291701003956","article-title":"Religion as a cross-cultural determinant of depression in elderly Europeans: results from the EURODEP collaboration","volume":"31","author":"Braam","year":"2001","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1080\/1360786031000150667","article-title":"Religiosity and mental health in southern, community-dwelling older adults","volume":"7","author":"Parker","year":"2003","journal-title":"Aging Ment Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2012.08.037","article-title":"Religious attendance and social adjustment as protective against depression: A 10-year prospective study","volume":"146","author":"Barton","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.155.4.536","article-title":"Religiosity and remission of depression in medically ill older patients","volume":"155","author":"Koenig","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2109","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291712003066","article-title":"Spiritual and religious beliefs as risk factors for the onset of major depression: an international cohort study","volume":"43","author":"Leurent","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-006X.73.4.617","article-title":"Couples at risk following the death of their child: predictors of grief versus depression","volume":"73","author":"Wijngaards-de Meij","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1007\/s10433-004-0013-2","article-title":"National context of healthcare, economy and religion, and the association between disability and depressive symptoms in older Europeans: Results from the EURODEP concerted action","volume":"1","author":"Braam","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Ageing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S118","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/53B.3.S118","article-title":"Religiosity buffers effects of some stressors on depression but exacerbates others","volume":"53","author":"Strawbridge","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1097\/JGP.0b013e31802d0ae8","article-title":"Prayer and depressive symptoms in a period of secularization: patterns among older adults in the Netherlands","volume":"15","author":"Braam","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Comprehensive Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0010440X15301127?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0010440X15301127?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,6]],"date-time":"2019-09-06T05:03:00Z","timestamp":1567746180000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0010440X15301127"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"references-count":55,"alternative-id":["S0010440X15301127"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0010-440X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0010-440X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Prevalence of depression in Syrian refugees and the influence of religiosity","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Comprehensive Psychiatry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.comppsych.2016.04.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}