{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T22:25:09Z","timestamp":1778797509423,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T20:32:57Z","timestamp":1774297977000},"page":"317-327","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Complex Facial Clefts"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Dale J.","family":"Podolsky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen W.Y.","family":"Wong Riff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David M.","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib1","article-title":"The kaleidoscopic world of rare craniofacial clefts: order out of chaos (tessier classification)","volume":"3","author":"Kawamoto","year":"1976","journal-title":"Clin Plast Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199903000-00003","article-title":"Tissue expansion in the reconstruction of tessier craniofacial clefts: a series of 17 patients","volume":"103","author":"Menard","year":"1999","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2233","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A3415","article-title":"Illustrated review of the embryology and development of the facial region, part 1: early face and lateral nasal cavities","volume":"34","author":"Som","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol : AJNR"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.005132","article-title":"Wnt signaling mediates regional specification in the vertebrate face","volume":"134","author":"Brugmann","year":"2007","journal-title":"Development"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200410000-00022","article-title":"Early development of the nose in human embryos: a stereomicroscopic and histologic analysis","volume":"114","author":"Kim","year":"2004","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib6","first-page":"351","article-title":"The early development of the nasal cavity and upper lip in the human embryo","volume":"94","author":"WARBRICK","year":"1960","journal-title":"J Anat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.71218","article-title":"Exome sequencing reveals the genetic architecture of non-syndromic orofacial clefts and identifies BOC as a novel causal gene","author":"He","year":"2025","journal-title":"Advanced science"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib8","article-title":"Wnt signaling in orofacial clefts: crosstalk, pathogenesis and models","volume":"12","author":"Reynolds","year":"2019","journal-title":"DMM Disease Models and Mechanisms"},{"issue":"C","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib9","article-title":"Anatomical classification of facial, cranio-facial and latero-facial clefts","volume":"4","author":"Tessier","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib10","first-page":"245","article-title":"\u00dcber die schr\u00e4ge Gesichtsspalte (On the oblique facial cleft)","volume":"35","author":"Morian","year":"1887","journal-title":"Archiv f\u00fcr klinische Chirurgie"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib11","article-title":"Vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 vrozen\u00e9 vady obli\u010deje a lebky a jejich l\u00e9\u010den\u00ed (rare congenital defects of the face and skull and their treatment)","author":"Burian","year":"1957","journal-title":"Acta Univ Carol Med Monogr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib12","series-title":"Thoma\u2019s oral pathology","article-title":"Developmental anomalies of the face and oral structures","author":"Gorlin","year":"1970"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib13","article-title":"Surgical correction of tessier number 0 cleft","volume":"19","author":"Freitas","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1597\/12-252","article-title":"From birth to maturity: midline tessier 0-14 craniofacial cleft patients who have completed protocol management at a single craniofacial unit","volume":"51","author":"Pidgeon","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2022.111399","article-title":"A ten-year surgical experience in patients of tessier No.0 cleft with a bifid nose","volume":"164","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0000000000002670","article-title":"Reconstruction of congenital alar rim defects (tessier number 1 cleft) using laterally based alar subunit rotation advancement flap","volume":"87","author":"Aldabaany","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/dsu.12055","article-title":"Bilobed flap for reconstruction of small alar rim defects","volume":"39","author":"Jellinek","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2024.109708","article-title":"Surgical reconstruction of the external nose: alar rotational and hinged flap techniques for facial cleft Tessier 0\u20131 with lipoma on dorsal nasal region - a case report","volume":"119","author":"Soedjana","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Surg Case Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib19","article-title":"Burget. Aesthetic reconstruction of the child\u2019s nose","author":"Gary","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dr.Gary Burget"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S0901-5027(99)80678-X","article-title":"Survey of patients with oblique facial clefts in Japan","volume":"28","author":"Natsume","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/00001665-200107000-00008","article-title":"Rare craniofacial anomaly: tessier no. 2 cleft","volume":"12","author":"Ozek","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-198705000-00004","article-title":"Nasal clefts","volume":"18","author":"Monasterio","year":"1987","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2017.01.009","article-title":"Technique of primary operation for a patient with an oblique facial cleft (tessier number 2 cleft)","volume":"55","author":"Natsume","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/01.PRS.0000169693.87591.9B","article-title":"Unilateral cleft lip repair: an anatomical subunit approximation technique","volume":"116","author":"Fisher","year":"2005","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2254","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000010627","article-title":"Evolving surgical techniques for tessier clefts number 3 and 4","volume":"35","author":"Rashid","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000003129","article-title":"Anthropometrically-based surgical technique for tessier 3 cleft reconstruction","volume":"27","author":"Morgan","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1597\/05-155","article-title":"Tessier 3 cleft with clinical anophthalmia: two case reports and a review of the literature","volume":"44","author":"Wenbin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1097\/MOO.0000000000000985","article-title":"Atypical facial clefts: tessier number 3 and 4 clefts","volume":"32","author":"Civantos","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1597\/07-192.1","article-title":"The tessier number 5 facial cleft: surgical strategies and outcomes in six patients","volume":"46","author":"Da Silva Freitas","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198903000-00022","article-title":"The tessier number 9 cleft","volume":"83","author":"David","year":"1989","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/10556656221086459","article-title":"Tessier\u2019s cleft number 6 revisited: a series of 26 new cases and literature review of 44","volume":"60","author":"Pellerin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181811cb6","article-title":"Tessier No. 7 cleft: a new subclassification and management protocol","volume":"122","author":"Woods","year":"2008","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1597\/16-157","article-title":"The \u201cdouble\u201d Tessier 7 cleft: an unusual presentation of a transverse facial cleft","volume":"55","author":"Raveendran","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2018.05.020","article-title":"Anatomic approximation approach to correction of transverse facial clefts","volume":"71","author":"Tse","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthetic Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199010000-00006","article-title":"Surgical correction of tessier number 8 cleft","volume":"86","author":"Fuente-Del-Campo","year":"1990","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4103\/joco.joco_153_22","article-title":"Tessier number 9 craniofacial cleft associated with Goldenhar syndrome and its surgical management: a report of a rare case","volume":"35","author":"Bagheri","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Curr Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2008.05.008","article-title":"Surgical management and outcome of tessier number 10 clefts","volume":"115","author":"Fan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2005.12.019","article-title":"Craniofacial cleft: a case of Tessier no. 3, 7 and 11 cleft","volume":"59","author":"Bodin","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Plast Reconstr Aesthetic Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s40902-018-0147-3","article-title":"Anatomical repair of a bilateral Tessier No. 3 cleft by midfacial advancement","volume":"40","author":"Oh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1097\/00001665-200107000-00008","article-title":"Rare craniofacial anomaly: tessier no. 2 cleft","volume":"12","author":"Ozek","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000000233","article-title":"A case of complex facial clefts treated with staged-tissue expansion","volume":"2","author":"Ueda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1597\/08-232","article-title":"Complete calvarial agenesis in conjunction with a tessier 1-13 facial cleft","volume":"49","author":"Addona","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000009679","article-title":"Eyebrow reconstruction in craniofacial clefts by abnormal hairline extention","volume":"34","author":"Kalantar-Hormozi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2014.03.032","article-title":"The Tessier number 14 facial cleft: a 20 years follow-up","volume":"42","author":"Nam","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Cranio-Maxillofacial Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1007\/s12663-024-02219-z","article-title":"Frontonasal dysplasia: a clinical dilemma","volume":"24","author":"Rao","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Maxillofac Oral Surg"},{"issue":"C","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib46","article-title":"Median cleft of the lower lip and mandible: a case report","volume":"24","author":"Millard","year":"1971","journal-title":"Br J Plast Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199602000-00006","article-title":"Median cleft of the lower lip and mandible: case reports, a new embryologic hypothesis, and subdivision","volume":"97","author":"Oostrom","year":"1996","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-1226(79)90097-3","article-title":"Median cleft of the lower lip and mandible: correction of the mandibular defect","volume":"32","author":"Millard","year":"1979","journal-title":"Br J Plast Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1055665618756073","article-title":"The median mandibular symphysis tessier 30 cleft: 3D imaging analysis and review of the literature","volume":"55","author":"Mahajan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J"}],"container-title":["Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1042369926000130?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1042369926000130?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T21:36:07Z","timestamp":1778794567000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1042369926000130"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S1042369926000130"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011","relation":{},"ISSN":["1042-3699"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1042-3699","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Complex Facial Clefts","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.coms.2026.02.011","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}