{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T14:17:16Z","timestamp":1779286636750,"version":"3.51.4"},"update-to":[{"DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001","type":"retraction","label":"Retraction","source":"retraction-watch","updated":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,27]],"date-time":"2021-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624752000000},"record-id":"30189"},{"DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001","type":"retraction","label":"Retraction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,30]],"date-time":"2015-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1443571200000}}],"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,1]],"date-time":"2015-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1441065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Construction and Building Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,6]],"date-time":"2015-07-06T17:46:46Z","timestamp":1436204806000},"page":"90-104","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":369,"special_numbering":"C","title":["RETRACTED: Comparative study on effects of Class F fly ash, nano silica and silica fume on properties of high performance self compacting concrete"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Mostafa","family":"Jalal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alireza","family":"Pouladkhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Omid Fasihi","family":"Harandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Davoud","family":"Jafari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0005","series-title":"State-of-the-art Report on High-Strength Concrete","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3151\/jact.1.5","article-title":"Self-compacting concrete","volume":"1","author":"Okamura","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Adv. Concr. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1672","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2004.12.014","article-title":"Workability of hybrid fiber reinforced self-compacting concrete","volume":"40","author":"Sahmaran","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Build. Environ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0020","unstructured":"M. Jalal, E. Mansouri, M. Sharifipour, A.R. Pouladkhan, Mechanical, rheological, durability and microstructural properties of high performance self compacting concrete containing SiO2 micro and nanoparticles, 2011, doi: 10.1016\/j.matdes.08.037."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compositesb.2013.05.050","article-title":"Split tensile strength of binary blended self compacting concrete containing low volume fly ash and TiO2 nanoparticles","volume":"55","author":"Jalal","year":"2013","journal-title":"Composites B"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mechmat.2013.01.010","article-title":"Effects of fly ash and TiO2 nanoparticles on rheological, mechanical, microstructural and thermal properties of high strength self compacting concrete","volume":"61","author":"Jalal","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mech. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enbuild.2009.08.017","article-title":"Life cycle primary energy analysis of residential buildings","volume":"42","author":"Gustavsson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Energy Build."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enbuild.2009.12.009","article-title":"The changing role of life cycle phases, subsystems and materials in the LCA of low energy buildings","volume":"42","author":"Blengini","year":"2010","journal-title":"Energy Build."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enbuild.2009.05.013","article-title":"Improving environmental sustainability of concrete products: investigation on MWC thermal and mechanical properties","volume":"41","author":"Becchio","year":"2009","journal-title":"Energy Build."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enbuild.2009.10.024","article-title":"Energy use, CO2 emissions and waste throughout the life cycle of a sample of hotels in the Balearic Islands","volume":"42","author":"Rossell\u00f3-Batle","year":"2010","journal-title":"Energy Build."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enbuild.2009.11.013","article-title":"The assessment of embodied energy in typical reinforced concrete building structures in Ireland","volume":"42","author":"Goggins","year":"2010","journal-title":"Energy Build."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0060","first-page":"3","article-title":"Durability of concrete incorporating high volumes of fly ash from sources in US","volume":"91","author":"Bilodeau","year":"1994","journal-title":"ACI Mater. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/S0921-3449(99)00060-9","article-title":"High performance cementing materials from industrial slags: a review","volume":"29","author":"Shi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Resour. Conserv. Recycl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0070","series-title":"Characterization of Turkish Fly Ashes","author":"Tokyay","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0075","first-page":"41","article-title":"High-volume fly ash system: concrete solution for sustainable development","volume":"97","author":"Bilodeau","year":"2000","journal-title":"ACI Mater. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0080","first-page":"28","article-title":"Superplasticized fly ash concrete for structural applications","volume":"8","author":"Malhotra","year":"1990","journal-title":"Concr. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-8846(00)00504-4","article-title":"Self-compacting concrete incorporating high volumes of Class F fly ash: preliminary results","volume":"31","author":"Bouzoubaa","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cem. Concr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2004.03.018","article-title":"Durability of self-consolidating concrete incorporating high-volume replacement composite cements","volume":"34","author":"Nehdi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cem. Concr. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-4207(75)90030-6","article-title":"The economic and environmental benefits of increased use of pfa and granulated slag","volume":"1","author":"Smith","year":"1975","journal-title":"Resour. Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0100","series-title":"Proceedings of the 3rd International RILEM Symposium on Self-Compacting Concrete","first-page":"628","author":"Fava","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2008.08.005","article-title":"Carbonation induced reinforcement corrosion in silica fume concrete","volume":"23","author":"Kulakowski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2010.04.035","article-title":"Transport properties in metakaolin blended concrete","volume":"24","author":"Shekarchi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1943","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2005.07.004","article-title":"Preliminary study on the water permeability and microstructure of concrete incorporating nano-SiO2","volume":"35","author":"Ji","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cem. Concr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2005.12.020","article-title":"Characteristics of cement mortar with nano-SiO2 particles","volume":"21","author":"Jo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2005.09.001","article-title":"Influence of nano-SiO2 addition on properties of hardened cement paste as compared with silica fume","volume":"21","author":"Qing","year":"2007","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2007.03.036","article-title":"Effects of nano-SiO2 and different ash particle sizes on sludge ash-cement mortar","volume":"88","author":"Lin","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Environ. Manage."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enbuild.2010.12.006","article-title":"Splitting tensile strength of concrete using ground granulated blast furnace slag and SiO2 nanoparticles as binder","volume":"43","author":"Nazari","year":"2011","journal-title":"Energy Build."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0140","first-page":"222","article-title":"The laws of proportioning concrete","volume":"33","author":"Fuller","year":"1907","journal-title":"Trans. Am. Soc. Civ. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01422986","article-title":"Ueber die Beziehung zwischen Kornabstufung und Zwischenraum in Produkten aus losen K\u00f6rnern [Mit einigen Experimenten]","volume":"50","author":"Andreasen","year":"1930","journal-title":"Kolloid-Zeitschrift"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2005.06.002","article-title":"Self-compacting concrete: theoretical and experimental study","volume":"35","author":"Brouwers","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cem. Concr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2010.06.008","article-title":"Influence of powder and paste on flow properties of SCC","volume":"24","author":"Girish","year":"2010","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0160","series-title":"Self-consolidating Concrete, ACI 237R-07","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0165","unstructured":"S. Nagataki, H. Fujiwara, Self-compacting property of highly-flowable concrete, in: V.M. Malhotra (Ed.), Am Concr Inst SP 154 301\u201314 June, 1995."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0170","first-page":"346","article-title":"Workability, testing and performance of self-consolidating concrete","volume":"96","author":"Khayat","year":"1999","journal-title":"ACI Mater. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0175","unstructured":"EFNARC, Specification & guidelines for self-compacting concrete, English ed. Norfolk (UK): European Federation for Specialist Construction Chemicals and Concrete Systems, 2002 (February)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0180","unstructured":"BS 1881-116, Testing concrete, Method for determination of compressive strength of concrete cubes, 1983."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0185","unstructured":"ASTM C696-96, Standard test method for splitting tensile strength of cylindrical concrete specimens, Annual Book ASTM Standard, vol. 4(04.02), 2001."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0190","series-title":"Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam With Center-Point Loading)","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0195","unstructured":"K. Audenaert, Transport mechanismen in zelfverdichtend beton in relatie met carbonatatie en chloride penetratie (Ph.D. thesis), Ghent University, Ghent, 2006."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2010.02.005","article-title":"Investigations about the influence of fine additives on the viscosity of cement paste for self-compacting concrete","volume":"24","author":"Diamantonis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2014.08.070","article-title":"Macro\/micro-pore structure characteristics and the chloride penetration of self-compacting concrete incorporating different types of filler and mineral admixture","volume":"72","author":"Mohammed","year":"2014","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2011.11.013","article-title":"Use of nano-silica to reduce setting time and increase early strength of concretes with high volumes of fly ash or slag","volume":"29","author":"Zhang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2010.01.012","article-title":"Mortars with nano-SiO2 and micro-SiO2 investigated by experimental design","volume":"24","author":"Senff","year":"2010","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2014.07.042","article-title":"Compressive strength and chloride resistance of self-compacting concrete containing high level fly ash and silica fume","volume":"64","author":"Wongkeo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mater. Des."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2013.07.088","article-title":"The effects of nano-silica and nano-alumina on frost resistance of normal concrete","volume":"48","author":"Behfarnia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2060","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2010.03.014","article-title":"Nanotechnology in concrete \u2013 a review","volume":"24","author":"Sanchez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2014.09.061","article-title":"Effects of nano-components on early age cracking of self-compacting concretes","volume":"73","author":"Puentes","year":"2014","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2014.02.059","article-title":"A study of multiple effects of nano-silica and hybrid fibers on the properties of Ultra-High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) incorporating waste bottom ash (WBA)","volume":"60","author":"Yu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2013.03.046","article-title":"An experimental survey on combined effects of fibers and nanosilica on the mechanical, rheological, and durability properties of self-compacting concrete","volume":"50","author":"Beigi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mater. Des."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02840907","volume":"21","author":"Qing","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Wuhan Univ. Technol.: Mater. Sci. Ed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/0950-0618(94)00019-0","volume":"10","author":"Garboczi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-8846(97)00073-2","volume":"27","author":"Grzeszczyk","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cem. Concr. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008958112257","volume":"10","author":"Fernandez","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0270","unstructured":"F. Massazza, Cemento 84 (October\u2013December) (1987) 359\u2013382."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0275","unstructured":"National Material Advisory Board, Concrete Durability: A Multi-billion Dollar Opportunity, NMAB-437, National Academy Press, Washington, 1987."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1943","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconres.2005.07.004","article-title":"Preliminary study on the water permeability and microstructure of concrete incorporating nano-SiO2","volume":"35","author":"Ji","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cem. Concr. Res."}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001","type":"retraction","label":"Retraction","source":"retraction-watch","updated":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,27]],"date-time":"2021-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624752000000},"record-id":"30189"},{"DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001","type":"retraction","label":"Retraction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,30]],"date-time":"2015-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1443571200000}},{"DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.124708","type":"erratum","label":"Erratum","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,18]],"date-time":"2021-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634515200000}}],"container-title":["Construction and Building Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0950061815300234?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0950061815300234?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T20:39:42Z","timestamp":1760560782000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0950061815300234"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"references-count":56,"alternative-id":["S0950061815300234"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-0618"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-0618","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"RETRACTED: Comparative study on effects of Class F fly ash, nano silica and silica fume on properties of high performance self compacting concrete","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Construction and Building Materials","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2015.07.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}