{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T07:28:35Z","timestamp":1768980515990,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,1]],"date-time":"2021-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630454400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001321","name":"National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001321","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Construction and Building Materials"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,20]],"date-time":"2021-06-20T11:59:49Z","timestamp":1624190389000},"page":"123869","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"special_numbering":"C","title":["An experimental study on the fatigue failure of steel fibre reinforced concrete at a single fibre level"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"299","author":[{"given":"H.","family":"Fataar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Combrinck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3082-4900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"W.P.","family":"Boshoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0005","unstructured":"C. Bathias, A. Pineau, Fatigue of materials and structures, ISTE\u202f; Wiley, London\u202f: Hoboken, 2010."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfatigue.2018.02.014","article-title":"An experimental and analytical study on fatigue damage in concrete under variable amplitude loading","volume":"111","author":"Keerthana","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Fatigue."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/S0958-9465(02)00139-7","article-title":"An overview of the fatigue behaviour of plain and fibre reinforced concrete","volume":"26","author":"Lee","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cem. Concr. Compos."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engstruct.2017.03.025","article-title":"Fatigue of steel-fibre-reinforced concrete prestressed railway sleepers","volume":"141","author":"Parvez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eng. Struct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.engfracmech.2018.01.003","article-title":"An improved crack propagation model for plain concrete under fatigue loading","volume":"191","author":"Bhowmik","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eng. Fract. Mech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2016.12.085","article-title":"Effect of loading frequency and stress level on low cycle fatigue behavior of plain concrete in direct tension","volume":"133","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0035","article-title":"Fatigue performance in flexure of fiber reinforced concrete","volume":"95","author":"Jun","year":"1998","journal-title":"Mater. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0040","series-title":"Metal Fatigue in Engineering","author":"Stephens","year":"2000"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0045","first-page":"891","article-title":"Crack propagation in flexural fatigue of concrete","volume":"126","author":"Kolluru","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Eng. Mech."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0050","series-title":"Fracture Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications","author":"Anderson","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2016.09.035","article-title":"Flexural behaviour of steel fibre-reinforced concrete under cyclic loading","volume":"126","author":"Boulekbache","year":"2016","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0060","first-page":"292","article-title":"Fatigue of plain concrete","author":"Hsu","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Proc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2011.03.030","article-title":"Recent trends in steel fibered high-strength concrete","volume":"32","author":"Shah","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mater. Des."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-8846(91)90042-G","article-title":"Deformed steel fiber\u2014cementitious matrix bond under impact","volume":"21","author":"Banthia","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cem. Concr. Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2010.12.022","article-title":"Post-cracking behaviour of steel and macro-synthetic fibre-reinforced concretes","volume":"25","author":"Buratti","year":"2011","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G.G. Namur, J.M. Alwan, H.S. Najm, Fiber pullout and bond slip I: Analytical study, 117 (1992) 2769\u20132790.","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-9445(1991)117:9(2769)"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1617\/s11527-009-9529-4","article-title":"Fibre reinforced concrete: new design perspectives","volume":"42","author":"di Prisco","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mater. Struct."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0090","series-title":"Handbook of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete: Principle Properties, Developments and Applications","author":"Beaudoin","year":"1990"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1139\/L10-053","article-title":"Fiber pullout model for aligned hooked-end steel fiber","volume":"37","author":"Ghoddousi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Can. J. Civ. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.14359\/51700792","article-title":"Fatigue resistance of steel fiber-reinforced concrete deep beams","volume":"114","author":"Isojeh","year":"2017","journal-title":"ACI Struct. J."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/0958-9465(91)90029-H","article-title":"Fatigue behaviour of steel fiber reinforced concrete","volume":"13","author":"Nanni","year":"1991","journal-title":"Cem. Concr. Compos."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/S0958-9465(98)00004-3","article-title":"Fatigue characteristics of high performance fiber-reinforced concrete","volume":"20","author":"Naaman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cem. Concr. Compos."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2006.05.025","article-title":"Effect of aspect ratio and volume fraction of steel fiber on the mechanical properties of SFRC","volume":"21","author":"Yaz\u0131c\u0131","year":"2007","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0120","first-page":"1","article-title":"Performance of steel fiber reinforced concrete","volume":"1","author":"Mohod","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Eng. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2014.11.037","article-title":"Pull-out behavior of steel fiber embedded in flowable RPC and ordinary mortar","volume":"75","author":"Beglarigale","year":"2015","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000001","article-title":"Pullout behavior of steel fibers in self-compacting concrete","volume":"22","author":"Cunha","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Mater. Civ. Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2016.12.160","article-title":"Pull-out response of macro synthetic fibre from concrete matrix: Effect of loading rate and embedment length","volume":"135","author":"Babafemi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cemconcomp.2017.02.006","article-title":"Time-dependent pull-out behaviour of hooked-end steel fibres in concrete","volume":"79","author":"Nieuwoudt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cem. Concr. Compos."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2017.09.022","article-title":"The response of cracked steel fibre reinforced concrete under various sustained stress levels on both the macro and single fibre level","volume":"156","author":"Nieuwoudt","year":"2017","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0150","unstructured":"CHRYSO\u00aeFluid Optima 206, (n.d.). https:\/\/www.chryso.com\/ (accessed April 12, 2021)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0155","unstructured":"Dramix\u00ae steel fiber concrete reinforcement - Bekaert.com, (n.d.). https:\/\/www.bekaert.com\/en\/products\/construction\/concrete-reinforcement\/dramix-steel-fiber-concrete-reinforcement (accessed February 21, 2018)."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1007\/s40069-017-0193-8","article-title":"Pull-out behaviour of hooked end steel fibres embedded in ultra-high performance mortar with various W\/B ratios","volume":"11","author":"Abdallah","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Concr. Struct. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0165","unstructured":"I. Markovi\u0107, High-performance Hybrid-fibre Concrete\u202f: Development and Utilisation, Delft University, the Netherlands, 2006."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. du Plessis, S.G. le Roux, A. Guelpa, The CT Scanner Facility at Stellenbosch University: An open access X-ray computed tomography laboratory, Nucl. Instruments Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms. 384 (2016) 42\u201349. https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.nimb.2016.08.005.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nimb.2016.08.005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0175","first-page":"658","article-title":"Flexural fatigue life distributions and failure probability of steel fibrous concrete","volume":"97","author":"Singh","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mater. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2019.06.038","article-title":"Fatigue of cracked high performance fiber reinforced concrete subjected to bending","volume":"220","author":"Carlesso","year":"2019","journal-title":"Constr. Build. Mater."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0185","unstructured":"Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures - Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings, (2004)."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4919","DOI":"10.1007\/s10853-009-3751-x","article-title":"Fatigue damage of low amplitude cycles in low carbon steel","volume":"44","author":"Mayer","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Mater. Sci."}],"container-title":["Construction and Building Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0950061821016299?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0950061821016299?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T00:02:16Z","timestamp":1760572936000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0950061821016299"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["S0950061821016299"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869","relation":{},"ISSN":["0950-0618"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0950-0618","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"An experimental study on the fatigue failure of steel fibre reinforced concrete at a single fibre level","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Construction and Building Materials","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.conbuildmat.2021.123869","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"123869"}}