{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T18:05:08Z","timestamp":1759341908264},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,1]],"date-time":"2009-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1230768000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Contraception"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,10,29]],"date-time":"2008-10-29T08:13:39Z","timestamp":1225268019000},"page":"41-49","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Ethinyl estradiol-to-desogestrel ratio impacts endothelial function in young women"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Jessica R.","family":"Meendering","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Britta N.","family":"Torgrimson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicole P.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul F.","family":"Kaplan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher T.","family":"Minson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(78)90806-2","article-title":"Oral and intrauterine contraception: a 1978 risk assessment","volume":"132","author":"Rosenfield","year":"1978","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3863","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-1958","article-title":"Association between the current use of low-dose oral contraceptives and cardiovascular arterial disease: a meta-analysis","volume":"90","author":"Baillargeon","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1097\/00003081-200103000-00010","article-title":"Oral contraceptives: current status","volume":"44","author":"Burkman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S4","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.117416","article-title":"Current perspectives on oral contraceptive use","volume":"185","author":"Burkman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-7824(97)00029-2","article-title":"Estrogen and progestin components of oral contraceptives: relationship to vascular disease","volume":"55","author":"Carr","year":"1997","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(81)90231-3","article-title":"Oral contraceptives and cardiovascular disease","volume":"101","author":"Dalen","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29S","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-7824(00)00146-3","article-title":"Emerging evidence on oral contraceptives and arterial disease","volume":"62","author":"Heinemann","year":"2000","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(80)91550-0","article-title":"Oral contraceptives and thromboembolic disease: effects of lowering oestrogen content","volume":"1","author":"B\u00f6ttiger","year":"1980","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a115799","article-title":"Oral contraceptive estrogen dose and the risk of deep venous thromboembolic disease","volume":"133","author":"Gerstman","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.292.6519.526","article-title":"Oral contraceptives and venous thromboembolism: findings in a large prospective study","volume":"292","author":"Vessey","year":"1986","journal-title":"BMJ (Clin Res Ed)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04211.x","article-title":"Estrogens and the vascular endothelium","volume":"966","author":"Cid","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12E","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(02)02405-0","article-title":"Protective effects of estrogen on the cardiovascular system","volume":"89","author":"Mendelsohn","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.90.2.786","article-title":"Acute vascular effects of estrogen in postmenopausal women","volume":"90","author":"Gilligan","year":"1994","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.10.5.8621060","article-title":"The vascular protective effects of estrogen","volume":"10","author":"Farhat","year":"1996","journal-title":"FASEB J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)93147-F","article-title":"Non-invasive detection of endothelial dysfunction in children and adults at risk of atherosclerosis","volume":"340","author":"Celermajer","year":"1992","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib16","first-page":"473","article-title":"Menstrual cyclic variation of endothelium-dependent vasodilation of the brachial artery: possible role of estrogen and nitric oxide","volume":"108","author":"Kawano","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc Assoc Am Physicians"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3431","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.92.12.3431","article-title":"Modulation of endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilatation of the brachial artery by sex and menstrual cycle","volume":"92","author":"Hashimoto","year":"1995","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib18","first-page":"256","article-title":"Effect of the menstrual cycle on endothelium-dependent vasodilation of the brachial artery in normal young women","volume":"82","author":"English","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.89.1.52","article-title":"Ethinyl estradiol acutely attenuates abnormal coronary vasomotor responses to acetylcholine in postmenopausal women","volume":"89","author":"Reis","year":"1994","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2004.05.030","article-title":"Progesterone abolishes estrogen and\/or atorvastatin endothelium dependent vasodilatory effects","volume":"177","author":"Faludi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kawano H, Motoyama T, Hirai N, et al. Effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate plus estradiol on endothelium-dependent vasodilation in postmenopausal women. Am J Cardiol 2001;87:238-40, A9.","key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib21","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(00)01329-1"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.273.3.199","article-title":"Effects of estrogen or estrogen\/progestin regimens on heart disease risk factors in postmenopausal women. The postmenopausal estrogen\/progestin interventions (PEPI) trial","volume":"273","year":"1995","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1161\/hc4001.097035","article-title":"Effect of medroxyprogesterone acetate on endothelium-dependent vasodilation in postmenopausal women receiving estrogen","volume":"104","author":"Wakatsuki","year":"2001","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib24","first-page":"182","article-title":"Clinical profile of contraceptive progestins","volume":"9","author":"Benagiano","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem"},{"issue":"2 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S24","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2001.117415","article-title":"Preclinical profiles of progestins used in formulations of oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy","volume":"185","author":"Hammond","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.2165\/00002512-200421130-00004","article-title":"New progestogens: a review of their effects in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women","volume":"21","author":"Sitruk-Ware","year":"2004","journal-title":"Drugs Aging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2003.08.003","article-title":"All progestins are not created equal","volume":"68","author":"Stanczyk","year":"2003","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(03)00059-7","article-title":"Effect of genistein on endothelial function in postmenopausal women: a randomized, double-blind, controlled study","volume":"114","author":"Squadrito","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2002.119179","article-title":"Different effects of oral contraceptives containing levonorgestrel or desogestrel on plasma lipoproteins and coagulation factor VII","volume":"186","author":"van Rooijen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11F","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(01)02218-4","article-title":"Vasomotor and vascular effects of hormone replacement therapy","volume":"90","author":"Ganz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1314","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.91.5.1314","article-title":"Nitric oxide is responsible for flow-dependent dilatation of human peripheral conduit arteries in vivo","volume":"91","author":"Joannides","year":"1995","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200003233421202","article-title":"C-Reactive protein and other markers of inflammation in the prediction of cardiovascular disease in women","volume":"342","author":"Ridker","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199704033361401","article-title":"Inflammation, aspirin, and the risk of cardiovascular disease in apparently healthy men","volume":"336","author":"Ridker","year":"1997","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib34","first-page":"H103","article-title":"Endothelial function across an oral contraceptive cycle in women using levonorgestrel and ethinyl estradiol","volume":"288","author":"Torgrimson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.2001.91.2.929","article-title":"Improved analysis of brachial artery ultrasound using a novel edge-detection software system","volume":"91","author":"Woodman","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01245.2003","article-title":"Impact of controlling shear rate on flow-mediated dilation responses in the brachial artery of humans","volume":"97","author":"Pyke","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2005.089755","article-title":"The relationship between shear stress and flow-mediated dilatation: implications for the assessment of endothelial function","volume":"568","author":"Pyke","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01024.2006","article-title":"Peak vs. total reactive hyperemia: which determines the magnitude of flow-mediated dilation?","volume":"102","author":"Pyke","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20000028","article-title":"Occlusion cuff position is an important determinant of the time course and magnitude of human brachial artery after different circulatory occlusion conditions","volume":"99","author":"Berry","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2311","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01047.2004","article-title":"Measuring peripheral resistance and conduit arterial structure in humans using Doppler ultrasound","volume":"98","author":"Naylor","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1S","DOI":"10.1016\/S0010-7824(98)00030-4","article-title":"Developments in contraception: a comprehensive review of desogen (desogestrel and ethinyl estradiol)","volume":"57","author":"Lammers","year":"1998","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1097\/00003081-199538040-00017","article-title":"Desogestrel","volume":"38","author":"Stone","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(99)00261-2","article-title":"Cholesterol lowering and endothelial function","volume":"107","author":"Vogel","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S0033-0620(98)80008-X","article-title":"Cholesterol, cholesterol lowering, and endothelial function","volume":"41","author":"Vogel","year":"1998","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1097\/00041433-199806000-00009","article-title":"Cholesterol, endothelial function and cardiovascular disease","volume":"9","author":"Wilkinson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Curr Opin Lipidol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-7824(85)90005-8","article-title":"Oral contraceptives, lipids and cardiovascular disease","volume":"31","author":"Fotherby","year":"1985","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.60.3.486","article-title":"Oral contraceptive use and fasting triglyceride, plasma cholesterol and HDL cholesterol","volume":"60","author":"Hennekens","year":"1979","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-53-6-1123","article-title":"Oral contraceptive and postmenopausal estrogen effects on lipoprotein triglycerides and cholesterol in an adult female population: relationships to estrogen and progestin potency","volume":"53","author":"Knopp","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib49","first-page":"26","article-title":"Effects of low dose oral contraceptives on serum total cholesterol, TAG, HDL-C & LDL-C levels in contraceptive users","volume":"14","author":"Nessa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mymensingh Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)58321-6","article-title":"Plasma lipids and desogestrel and ethinyl estradiol: a meta analysis","volume":"65","author":"Lobo","year":"1996","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-2243(83)90145-4","article-title":"Serum lipids and proteins during treatment with a new oral contraceptive combination containing desogestrel","volume":"16","author":"Penttila","year":"1983","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.3109\/00016349409013416","article-title":"Oral contraceptive tablets containing 20 and 30 \u03bcg of ethinyl estradiol with 150 \u03bcg desogestrel: their influence on lipids, lipoproteins, sex hormone binding globulin and testosterone","volume":"73","author":"Akerlund","year":"1994","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000150075.81511.FE","article-title":"Influence of progestin bioactivity on cutaneous vascular responses to passive heating","volume":"37","author":"Houghton","year":"2005","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H103","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00691.2004","article-title":"Effects of menstrual cycle and oral contraceptive use on calf venous compliance","volume":"288","author":"Meendering","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(00)37848-6","article-title":"Effects of oral contraceptives on vascular endothelium in premenopausal women","volume":"183","author":"John","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"}],"container-title":["Contraception"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0010782408004642?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0010782408004642?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,15]],"date-time":"2019-05-15T00:00:13Z","timestamp":1557878413000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0010782408004642"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0010782408004642"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.contraception.2008.07.025","relation":{},"ISSN":["0010-7824"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0010-7824"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]}}}