{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T23:57:49Z","timestamp":1791849469906,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632960000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmn.com","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Current Opinion in Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]],"date-time":"2021-10-13T02:12:45Z","timestamp":1634091165000},"page":"83-90","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Does probiotics work for bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Yue","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing-ling","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1126\/science.147.3659.747","article-title":"Probiotics: growth-promoting factors produced by microorganisms","volume":"147","author":"Lilly","year":"1965","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1186\/s12970-019-0329-0","article-title":"International society of sports nutrition position stand: probiotics","volume":"16","author":"J\u00e4ger","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Int Soc Sports Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2014.66","article-title":"Expert consensus document. The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics consensus statement on the scope and appropriate use of the term probiotic","volume":"11","author":"Hill","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_sref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-019-0439-x","article-title":"The pros, cons, and many unknowns of probiotics","volume":"25","author":"Suez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631972","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2021.631972","article-title":"The female vaginal microbiome in health and bacterial vaginosis","volume":"11","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000972","article-title":"High global burden and costs of bacterial vaginosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"46","author":"Peebles","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.3109\/1040841X.2015.1091805","article-title":"Vulvovaginal candidiasis: epidemiology, microbiology and risk factors","volume":"42","author":"Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2016","journal-title":"Crit Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiz342","article-title":"An updated conceptual model on the pathogenesis of bacterial vaginosis","volume":"220","author":"Muzny","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00075-15","article-title":"The human microbiome during bacterial vaginosis","volume":"29","author":"Onderdonk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_sref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1186\/s12934-020-01464-4","article-title":"Vaginal microbiota and the potential of Lactobacillus derivatives in maintaining vaginal health","volume":"19","author":"Chee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Microb Cell Fact"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_sref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.14329","article-title":"Therapeutic effects of probiotic Clostridium butyricum WZ001 on bacterial vaginosis in mice","volume":"127","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9060531","article-title":"Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 and Lactobacillus acidophilus La-14 attenuate Gardnerella vaginalis-infected bacterial vaginosis in mice","volume":"9","author":"Jang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.3109\/1040841X.2015.1091805","article-title":"Vulvovaginal candidiasis: epidemiology, microbiology and risk factors","volume":"42","author":"Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2016","journal-title":"Crit Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_sref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"foz008","DOI":"10.1093\/femsyr\/foz008","article-title":"Anti-Candida activity of beneficial vaginal lactobacilli in in\u00a0vitro assays and in a murine experimental model","volume":"19","author":"De Gregorio","year":"2019","journal-title":"FEMS Yeast Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_sref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens8030150","article-title":"Antifungal and antivirulence activity of vaginal Lactobacillus spp. Products against Candida vaginal isolates","volume":"8","author":"Itapary Dos Santos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8121","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-44579-4","article-title":"Vaginal lactobacilli inhibit growth and hyphae formation of Candida albicans","volume":"9","author":"Jang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.14164","article-title":"Biological properties and production of bacteriocins-like-inhibitory substances by Lactobacillus sp. strains from human vagina","volume":"126","author":"Fuochi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J\u00a0Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib18","first-page":"564","article-title":"Antimicrobial compounds produced by vaginal Lactobacillus crispatus are able to strongly inhibit Candida albicans growth, hyphal formation and regulate virulence-related gene expressions","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549640","DOI":"10.1155\/2008\/549640","article-title":"Adhesion of human probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus to cervical and vaginal cells and interaction with vaginosis-associated pathogens","volume":"2008","author":"Coudeyras","year":"2008","journal-title":"Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.2009.00154.x","article-title":"Effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14 on the ability of Candida albicans to infect cells and induce inflammation","volume":"53","author":"Martinez","year":"2009","journal-title":"Microbiol Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636474","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/636474","article-title":"Probiotic interference of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14 with the opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida albicans","volume":"2012","author":"K\u00f6hler","year":"2012","journal-title":"Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.12772","article-title":"Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14 exhibit strong antifungal effects against vulvovaginal candidiasis-causing Candida glabrata isolates","volume":"118","author":"Chew","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib23","article-title":"Probiotics for oral and vulvovaginal candidiasis: a review","volume":"32","author":"Shenoy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2772","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2006.08.008","article-title":"Clinical study comparing probiotic Lactobacillus GR-1 and RC-14 with metronidazole vaginal gel to treat symptomatic bacterial vaginosis","volume":"8","author":"Anukam","year":"2006","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2006.00162.x","article-title":"Lactobacillus strains isolated from the vaginal microbiota of healthy women inhibit Prevotella bivia and Gardnerella vaginalis in coculture and cell culture","volume":"48","author":"Atassi","year":"2006","journal-title":"FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.05155-0","article-title":"Growth and lactic acid production by vaginal Lactobacillus acidophilus CRL 1259, and inhibition of uropathogenic Escherichia coli","volume":"52","author":"Ju\u00e1rez Tom\u00e1s","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Med Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.03.066","article-title":"Effect of vaginal probiotic lactobacilli on in\u00a0vitro-induced sperm lipid peroxidation and its impact on sperm motility and viability","volume":"95","author":"Barbonetti","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-007-9094-4","article-title":"Purification and partial characterization of novel bacteriocin L23 produced by Lactobacillus fermentum L23","volume":"56","author":"Pascual","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.9734\/BMRJ\/2014\/12129","article-title":"Potential of probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum 2621 for the management of infertility","volume":"4","author":"Bhandari","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br Microbiol Res J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0032728","article-title":"Commensal bacteria modulate innate immune responses of vaginal epithelial cell multilayer cultures","volume":"7","author":"Rose","year":"2012","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-019-0450-2","article-title":"The vaginal microbiome and preterm birth","volume":"25","author":"Fettweis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2473","article-title":"Microbiota restoration: natural and supplemented recovery of human microbial communities","volume":"9","author":"Reid","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib33","series-title":"Probiotics","first-page":"445","article-title":"Dairy probiotic foods and bacterial vaginosis: a review on mechanism of action","author":"Bastani","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2772","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2006.08.008","article-title":"Clinical study comparing probiotic Lactobacillus GR-1 and RC-14 with metronidazole vaginal gel to treat symptomatic bacterial vaginosis","volume":"8","author":"Anukam","year":"2006","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2008.02112.x","article-title":"Effectiveness of Lactobacillus-containing vaginal tablets in the treatment of symptomatic bacterial vaginosis","volume":"15","author":"Mastromarino","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1007\/s00248-012-0154-3","article-title":"The restoration of the vaginal microbiota after treatment for bacterial vaginosis with metronidazole or probiotics","volume":"65","author":"Ling","year":"2013","journal-title":"Microb Ecol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-015-3810-2","article-title":"Restoring vaginal microbiota: biological control of bacterial vaginosis. A prospective case-control study using Lactobacillus rhamnosus BMX 54 as adjuvant treatment against bacterial vaginosis","volume":"293","author":"Recine","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.01.166","article-title":"Intrinsic and extrinsic carbohydrates in the vagina: a short review on vaginal glycogen","volume":"112","author":"Tester","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_sref39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0000000000000518","article-title":"Oral intake of lactobacilli can Be helpful in symptomatic bacterial vaginosis: a randomized clinical study","volume":"24","author":"Reznichenko","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Low Genit Tract Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3884","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-60671-6","article-title":"Intermittent lactobacilli-containing vaginal probiotic or metronidazole use to prevent bacterial vaginosis recurrence: a pilot study incorporating microscopy and sequencing","volume":"10","author":"van de Wijgert","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1097\/01.JAA.0000731484.81301.58","article-title":"Probiotics for preventing recurrent bacterial vaginosis","volume":"34","author":"Webb","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAAPA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_sref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1007\/s12602-020-09675-2","article-title":"Novel potential probiotic lactobacilli for prevention and treatment of vulvovaginal infections","volume":"13","author":"Kumherov\u00e1","year":"2021","journal-title":"Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib43","first-page":"1","article-title":"Current and emerging pharmacotherapy for recurrent bacterial vaginosis","author":"Sobel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Expet Opin Pharmacother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0b013e31829156ec","article-title":"Effects of probiotics on the recurrence of bacterial vaginosis: a review","volume":"18","author":"Homayouni","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Low Genit Tract Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib45","first-page":"229","article-title":"Bacterial vaginosis: a review on clinical trials with probiotics","volume":"36","author":"Mastromarino","year":"2013","journal-title":"New Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib46","first-page":"1461","article-title":"Vaginal probiotics for reproductive health and related dysbiosis: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"L\u00f3pez-Moreno","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172660","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2019.172660","article-title":"Probiotics for the treatment of women with bacterial vaginosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","volume":"864","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.15870","article-title":"Lactobacilli-containing vaginal probiotics to cure or prevent bacterial or fungal vaginal dysbiosis: a systematic review and recommendations for future trial designs","volume":"127","author":"van de Wijgert","year":"2020","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.3920\/BM2019.0048","article-title":"Alleviation of vulvovaginitis symptoms: can probiotics lead the treatment plan?","volume":"10","author":"Tsimaris","year":"2019","journal-title":"Benef Microbes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib50","article-title":"Probiotics for oral and vulvovaginal candidiasis: a review","volume":"32","author":"Shenoy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_sref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-019-0723-4","article-title":"Probiotics and vaginal microecology: fact or fancy?","volume":"19","author":"Buggio","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Wom Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1008559","article-title":"Exploring potential of vaginal Lactobacillus isolates from South African women for enhancing treatment for bacterial vaginosis","volume":"16","author":"Happel","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2592","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-81931-z","article-title":"A\u00a0clinical pilot study on the effect of the probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus TOM 22.8 strain in women with vaginal dysbiosis","volume":"11","author":"Pino","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06244","article-title":"The human microbiome project","volume":"449","author":"Turnbaugh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11234","article-title":"Structure, function and diversity of the healthy human microbiome","volume":"486","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2014.08.014","article-title":"The Integrative Human Microbiome Project: dynamic analysis of microbiome-host omics profiles during periods of human health and disease","volume":"16","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1238-8","article-title":"The integrative human microbiome project","volume":"569","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1237-9","article-title":"Multi-omics of the gut microbial ecosystem in inflammatory bowel diseases","volume":"569","author":"Lloyd-Price","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1236-x","article-title":"Longitudinal multi-omics of host-microbe dynamics in prediabetes","volume":"569","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4680","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1002611107","article-title":"Vaginal microbiome of reproductive-age women","volume":"108","author":"Ravel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0010197","article-title":"Temporal variability of human vaginal bacteria and relationship with bacterial vaginosis","volume":"5","author":"Srinivasan","year":"2010","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-015-3774-2","article-title":"The dynamic changes of vaginal microecosystem in patients with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis: a retrospective study of 800 patients","volume":"292","author":"Yue","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3793","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-021-02414-3","article-title":"Vaginal microbiome: normalcy vs dysbiosis","volume":"203","author":"Saraf","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103696","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2019.103696","article-title":"Crosstalk between vaginal microbiome and female health: a review","volume":"136","author":"Gupta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-019-0173-3","article-title":"Probiotics and prebiotics in intestinal health and disease: from biology to the clinic","volume":"16","author":"Sanders","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_sref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2184","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.02184","article-title":"Female gut and genital tract microbiota-induced crosstalk and differential effects of short-chain fatty acids on immune sequelae","volume":"11","author":"Amabebe","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-016-0291-2","article-title":"Translating the vaginal microbiome: gaps and challenges","volume":"8","author":"Ravel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Genome Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004_sref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2021.04.014","article-title":"Gut and vaginal microbiomes on steroids: implications for women's health","volume":"32","author":"Graham","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metabol"}],"container-title":["Current Opinion in Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1471489221001442?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1471489221001442?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T06:54:31Z","timestamp":1761461671000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1471489221001442"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"references-count":68,"alternative-id":["S1471489221001442"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-4892"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-4892","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Does probiotics work for bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Current Opinion in Pharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.coph.2021.09.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}