{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T13:07:41Z","timestamp":1788872861968,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,12,1]],"date-time":"2026-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1796083200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 AR081859"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 AR081859"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Current Opinion in Pharmacology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T23:32:36Z","timestamp":1786663956000},"page":"102664","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Trained immunity in hyperuricemia and gout: Targeting epigenetic marks to reduce cardiovascular risk"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Nils","family":"Asmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brenda","family":"Kischkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leo A.B.","family":"Joosten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2011.04.006","article-title":"Trained immunity: a memory for innate host defense","volume":"9","author":"Netea","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2016.10.008","article-title":"Glutaminolysis and fumarate accumulation integrate immunometabolic and epigenetic programs in trained immunity","volume":"24","author":"Arts","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.11.025","article-title":"Metabolic induction of trained immunity through the mevalonate pathway","volume":"172","author":"Bekkering","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3184","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.03184","article-title":"The lncRNA connection between cellular metabolism and epigenetics in trained immunity","volume":"9","author":"Fok","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-023-01598-2","article-title":"A chromatin-regulated biphasic circuit coordinates IL-1\u03b2-mediated inflammation","volume":"56","author":"Fok","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/genes16121442","article-title":"From metabolic to epigenetic memory: the impact of hyperglycemia-induced epigenetic signature on kidney disease progression and complications","volume":"16","author":"Cannito","year":"2025","journal-title":"Genes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S336","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.JPBS_771_20","article-title":"Basics of epigenetics and role of epigenetics in diabetic complications","volume":"13","author":"Yamunadevi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pharm BioAllied Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-019-0115-y","article-title":"Gout","volume":"5","author":"Dalbeth","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2020.04.008","article-title":"Gout epidemiology and comorbidities","volume":"50","author":"Singh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12833","article-title":"Urate-induced immune programming: consequences for gouty arthritis and hyperuricemia","volume":"294","author":"Cabau","year":"2020","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-019-0334-3","article-title":"Asymptomatic hyperuricaemia: a silent activator of the innate immune system","volume":"16","author":"Joosten","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-206564","article-title":"Soluble uric acid primes TLR-induced proinflammatory cytokine production by human primary cells via inhibition of IL-1Ra","volume":"75","author":"Crisan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2039","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)00346-9","article-title":"Gout","volume":"388","author":"Dalbeth","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/gucdd3030011","article-title":"Inter-critical gout, not hyperuricemia or asymptomatic urate crystal deposition, is associated with systemic inflammation","volume":"3","author":"Sandoval-Plata","year":"2025","journal-title":"Gout, Urate, and Crystal Deposition Disease"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_sref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/gucdd4020009","article-title":"Hyperuricemia beyond gout: the unknown culprit in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases","volume":"4","author":"Kl\u00fcck","year":"2026","journal-title":"Gout, Urate, and Crystal Deposition Disease"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)00569-9","article-title":"Gout","volume":"397","author":"Dalbeth","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_sref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.37349\/emd.2025.1007103","article-title":"Targeting innate immune memory: a new paradigm for gout treatment","volume":"3","author":"Gaal","year":"2025","journal-title":"Exploration of Musculoskeletal Diseases"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_sref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2024.09.004","article-title":"Interleukin-1beta induces trained innate immunity in human hematopoietic progenitor cells in vitro","volume":"19","author":"Flores-Gomez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1739","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2005.00273.x","article-title":"Hyperuricemia induces endothelial dysfunction","volume":"67","author":"Khosla","year":"2005","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2004.06.032","article-title":"Effect of hyperuricemia upon endothelial function in patients at increased cardiovascular risk","volume":"94","author":"Mercuro","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1466","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2005090949","article-title":"Uric acid and endothelial dysfunction in essential hypertension","volume":"17","author":"Zoccali","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C456","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00153.2025","article-title":"Metabolic dysregulation of trained immunity in immune aging and the impact of dietary patterns","volume":"329","author":"Grigorescu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Cell Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-021-02580-1","article-title":"Urate-induced epigenetic modifications in myeloid cells","volume":"23","author":"Badii","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_sref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2025.1669054","article-title":"DAMP-driven trained immunity: metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming in critical illness and chronic inflammation","volume":"16","author":"Kim","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-05780-8","article-title":"H3K4me3 regulates RNA polymerase II promoter-proximal pause-release","volume":"615","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e138","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.120.314330","article-title":"Vascular endothelial cells and innate immunity","volume":"40","author":"Shao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-022-00694-4","article-title":"Immunomodulation by endothelial cells - partnering up with the immune system?","volume":"22","author":"Amersfoort","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2012.143","article-title":"Uric acid as a danger signal in gout and its comorbidities","volume":"9","author":"Rock","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep39884","article-title":"Soluble uric acid activates the NLRP3 inflammasome","volume":"7","author":"Braga","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.119.313224","article-title":"Soluble uric acid promotes atherosclerosis via AMPK (AMP-activated protein Kinase)-Mediated inflammation","volume":"40","author":"Kimura","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib31","first-page":"1645","article-title":"Urate transport capacity of glucose transporter 9 and urate transporter 1 in cartilage chondrocytes","volume":"20","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S599156","article-title":"Trained immunity-like memory in vascular structural cells: metabolic-epigenetic reprogramming as a driving mechanism of atherosclerosis and residual cardiovascular risk","volume":"19","author":"Dai","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Inflamm Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2087","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.117.309249","article-title":"Mechanical activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha drives endothelial dysfunction at atheroprone sites","volume":"37","author":"Feng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.120.315452","article-title":"Trained immunity and reactivity of macrophages and endothelial cells","volume":"41","author":"Drummer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F327","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00115.2024","article-title":"Update: the role of epigenetics in the metabolic memory of diabetic complications","volume":"327","author":"Chen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Ren Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_sref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2025.103625","article-title":"Unraveling the effects of uric acid on endothelial cells: a global proteomic study","volume":"82","author":"Dempsey","year":"2025","journal-title":"Redox Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F625","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00140.2005","article-title":"A causal role for uric acid in fructose-induced metabolic syndrome","volume":"290","author":"Nakagawa","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Ren Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2936","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21238","article-title":"Innate immunity conferred by toll-like receptors 2 and 4 and myeloid differentiation factor 88 expression is pivotal to monosodium urate monohydrate crystal\u2013induced inflammation","volume":"52","author":"Liu-Bryan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6370","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.9.6370","article-title":"Engagement of CD14 mediates the inflammatory potential of monosodium urate crystals","volume":"177","author":"Scott","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3140","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27663","article-title":"How interleukin-1\u03b2 induces gouty arthritis","volume":"62","author":"Dinarello","year":"2010","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S91","DOI":"10.1186\/ar562","article-title":"Interactions between leukocytes and endothelial cells in gout: lessons from a self-limiting inflammatory response","volume":"4","author":"Haskard","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.613170","article-title":"Clarke MCH: Altarnative pathways of IL-1 activation, and its role in health and Disease","volume":"11","author":"Pyrillou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-013-0361-0","article-title":"Neutrophils, IL-1beta, and gout: is there a link?","volume":"35","author":"Mitroulis","year":"2013","journal-title":"Semin Immunopathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.108387","article-title":"BCG vaccination induces long-term functional reprogramming of human neutrophils","volume":"33","author":"Moorlag","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_sref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.3390\/gucdd2040023","article-title":"Epigenomic reprogramming in gout","volume":"2","author":"Straton","year":"2024","journal-title":"Gout, Urate, and Crystal Deposition Disease"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_sref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.11390","article-title":"Association between gout flare and subsequent cardiovascular events among patients with gout","volume":"328","author":"Cipolletta","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2409","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20081188","article-title":"Transient high glucose causes persistent epigenetic changes and altered gene expression during subsequent normoglycemia","volume":"205","author":"El-Osta","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2159","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.16.2159","volume":"290","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1838","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2021372","article-title":"Colchicine in patients with chronic coronary disease","volume":"383","author":"Nidorf","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1002\/cpt.3394","article-title":"The effect of low-dose colchicine on the phenotype and function of neutrophils and monocytes in patients with chronic coronary artery disease: a double- randomized placebo-controlled cross-over study","volume":"116","author":"Tercan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib51","article-title":"Colchicine inhibits chemokine production in monosodium urate-stimulated innate immune cells","volume":"8","author":"Merlo","year":"2026","journal-title":"ACR Open Rheumatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-025-01171-y","article-title":"Trained immunity: induction of an inflammatory memory in disease","volume":"35","author":"Schluter","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cell Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1707914","article-title":"Antiinflammatory therapy with canakinumab for atherosclerotic disease","volume":"377","author":"Ridker","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2017.10.004","article-title":"Epigenetic reprogramming in metabolic disorders: nutritional factors and beyond","volume":"54","author":"Cheng","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Nutr Biochem"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1250684","article-title":"mTOR- and HIF-1alpha-mediated aerobic glycolysis as metabolic basis for trained immunity","volume":"345","author":"Cheng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2019.05.014","article-title":"Treatment with statins does not revert trained immunity in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia","volume":"30","author":"Bekkering","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1038\/nature24028","article-title":"Discovery of a selective catalytic p300\/CBP inhibitor that targets lineage-specific tumours","volume":"550","author":"Lasko","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2018.08.021","article-title":"Epigenetic tools (the writers, the readers and the erasers) and their implications in cancer therapy","volume":"837","author":"Biswas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09589","article-title":"Suppression of inflammation by a synthetic histone mimic","volume":"468","author":"Nicodeme","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.03.036","article-title":"Selective inhibition of tumor oncogenes by disruption of super-enhancers","volume":"153","author":"Loven","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_sref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-020-00943-0","article-title":"BET protein inhibitor apabetalone (RVX-208) suppresses pro-inflammatory hyper-activation of monocytes from patients with cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes","volume":"12","author":"Wasiak","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Epigenet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1038\/s41573-019-0025-4","article-title":"Therapeutic targeting of trained immunity","volume":"18","author":"Mulder","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2013.05.009","article-title":"The promise and failures of epigenetic therapies for cancer treatment","volume":"40","author":"Bojang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-018-0298-2","article-title":"Immune genes are primed for robust transcription by proximal long noncoding RNAs located in nuclear compartments","volume":"51","author":"Fanucchi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtm.2025.101436","article-title":"Why do lipid nanoparticles target the liver? Understanding of biodistribution and liver-specific tropism","volume":"33","author":"Hosseini-Kharat","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2016.01.020","article-title":"Nanoparticle-liver interactions: cellular uptake and hepatobiliary elimination","volume":"240","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3065","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms4065","article-title":"A statin-loaded reconstituted high-density lipoprotein nanoparticle inhibits atherosclerotic plaque inflammation","volume":"5","author":"Duivenvoorden","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_sref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2622","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-16439-7","article-title":"Treatment of atherosclerosis by macrophage-biomimetic nanoparticles via targeted pharmacotherapy and sequestration of proinflammatory cytokines","volume":"11","author":"Gao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"662","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.4c11514","article-title":"Self-adaptive nanocarriers overcome multiple physiological barriers to boosting chemotherapy of orthotopic pancreatic cancer","volume":"19","author":"Ding","year":"2025","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2020.100897","article-title":"Immunometabolic control of trained immunity","volume":"77","author":"Riksen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Aspect Med"}],"container-title":["Current Opinion in Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1471489226000603?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1471489226000603?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T12:20:31Z","timestamp":1788870031000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1471489226000603"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"references-count":70,"alternative-id":["S1471489226000603"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664","relation":{},"ISSN":["1471-4892"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1471-4892","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Trained immunity in hyperuricemia and gout: Targeting epigenetic marks to reduce cardiovascular risk","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Current Opinion in Pharmacology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.coph.2026.102664","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102664"}}