{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T20:26:04Z","timestamp":1793910364455,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783555200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Cortex"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T06:42:07Z","timestamp":1783060927000},"page":"107-117","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The Arabic Discourse Assessment Tool (ADAT) can diagnose aphasia and fluency status following brain damage"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"203","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2766-2915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reem S.W.","family":"Alyahya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1362-0538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James D.","family":"Stefaniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1080\/02687038.2020.1765303","article-title":"From informal to formal: The preliminary psychometric evaluation of the short aphasia test for Gulf Arabic speakers (SATG)","volume":"35","author":"Altaib","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aphasiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/1460-6984.70043","article-title":"Development and real-time clinical application of new transcription-less discourse assessment approaches for Arabic-speakers with aphasia","author":"Alyahya","year":"2025","journal-title":"International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1080\/02687038.2021.1923946","article-title":"An efficient, accurate and clinically-applicable index of content word fluency in Aphasia","volume":"36","author":"Alyahya","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aphasiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcag071","article-title":"The lesion correlates of impaired content word fluency during spoken discourse in aphasia","volume":"8","author":"Alyahya","year":"2026","journal-title":"Brain Communications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1080\/02687038.2015.1070947","article-title":"The adaptation of the object and action naming battery into saudi Arabic","volume":"30","author":"Alyahya","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aphasiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2019.12.002","article-title":"Mapping psycholinguistic features to the neuropsychological and lesion profiles in aphasia","volume":"124","author":"Alyahya","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa074","article-title":"A unified model of post-stroke language deficits including discourse production and their neural correlates","volume":"143","author":"Alyahya","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2494","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn_a_01772","article-title":"Content word production during discourse in aphasia: Deficits in word quantity, not lexical\u2013semantic complexity","volume":"33","author":"Alyahya","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/1460-6984.13083","article-title":"The development of a novel, standardized, norm-referenced Arabic discourse assessment tool (ADAT), including an examination of psychometric properties of discourse measures in aphasia","author":"Alyahya","year":"2024","journal-title":"International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcac147","article-title":"The cognitive and neural underpinnings of discourse coherence in post-stroke aphasia","volume":"4","author":"Alyahya","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Communications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandl.2005.11.002","article-title":"Semantic weight and verb retrieval in aphasia","volume":"97","author":"Barde","year":"2006","journal-title":"Brain and Language"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2024.06.012","article-title":"Speech pauses in speakers with and without aphasia: A usage-based approach","volume":"178","author":"Bello-Lepe","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.3109\/02699206.2016.1145740","article-title":"Linguistic analysis of discourse in aphasia: A review of the literature","volume":"30","author":"Bryant","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1080\/02687038.2016.1239013","article-title":"Clinical use of linguistic discourse analysis for the assessment of language in aphasia","volume":"31","author":"Bryant","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aphasiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.4642","article-title":"Statistics versus machine learning","volume":"15","author":"Bzdok","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1111\/1460-6984.12528","article-title":"UK speech and language therapists' views and reported practices of discourse analysis in aphasia rehabilitation","volume":"55","author":"Cruice","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib17","series-title":"Advances in speech-language pathology","article-title":"Discourse: Assessment and therapy","author":"Dipper","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib18","series-title":"An introduction to the bootstrap","author":"Efron","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1080\/02687038.2015.1067288","article-title":"Modelling confrontation naming and discourse performance in aphasia","volume":"30","author":"Fergadiotis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aphasiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S397","DOI":"10.1044\/1058-0360(2013\/12-0083)","article-title":"Measuring lexical diversity in narrative discourse of people with aphasia","volume":"22","author":"Fergadiotis","year":"2013","journal-title":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1044\/2016_AJSLP-16-0071","article-title":"Discourse characteristics in aphasia beyond the Western Aphasia battery cutoff","volume":"26","author":"Fromm","year":"2017","journal-title":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1080\/2050571X.2017.1407620","article-title":"A survey of formal and informal assessment procedures used by speech-language pathologists in Saudi Arabia","volume":"22","author":"Khoja","year":"2019","journal-title":"Speech, Language and Hearing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1080\/17549507.2017.1293158","article-title":"Measuring discourse coherence in anomic aphasia using rhetorical structure theory","volume":"20","author":"Kong","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib24","article-title":"Clinical and neuroimaging factors associated with aphasia severity in stroke patients: Diffusion tensor imaging study","volume":"10","author":"Lee","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.1080\/02687038.2011.584690","article-title":"A multi-level approach to the analysis of narrative language in aphasia","volume":"25","author":"Marini","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aphasiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroling.2017.03.001","article-title":"Quantifying connected discourse in Spanish-speaking individuals with aphasia: The case of mixed aphasias","volume":"44","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Ferreiro","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Neurolinguistics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib27","first-page":"87","article-title":"A system for scoring main concepts in the discourse of non-brain-damaged and aphasic speakers","volume":"21","author":"Nicholas","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clinical Aphasiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1044\/jshr.3801.145","article-title":"Presence, completeness, and accuracy of main concepts in the connected speech of non-brain-damaged adults and adults with aphasia","volume":"38","author":"Nicholas","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2753.2011.01650.x","article-title":"Post-stroke aphasia prognosis: A review of patient-related and stroke-related factors","volume":"18","author":"Plowman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"689","DOI":"10.1111\/1460-6984.12318","article-title":"Reviewing the quality of discourse information measures in aphasia","volume":"52","author":"Pritchard","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0194143","article-title":"Diagnosis of aphasia in stroke populations: A systematic review of language tests","volume":"13","author":"Rohde","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib32","series-title":"he 12th international workshop on computer science and information technologies CSIT","article-title":"Arabic text classification using decision trees","author":"Saad","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.10.038","article-title":"Assessing and tuning brain decoders: Cross-validation, caveats, and guidelines","volume":"145","author":"Varoquaux","year":"2017","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0278676","article-title":"Grammar in \u2018agrammatical\u2019 aphasia: What's intact?","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["Cortex"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0010945226001772?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0010945226001772?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T19:37:56Z","timestamp":1793907476000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0010945226001772"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":34,"alternative-id":["S0010945226001772"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018","relation":{},"ISSN":["0010-9452"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0010-9452","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The Arabic Discourse Assessment Tool (ADAT) can diagnose aphasia and fluency status following brain damage","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Cortex","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cortex.2026.06.018","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}