{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T00:13:44Z","timestamp":1793060024928,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,1]],"date-time":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1601510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003107","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Gesundheit","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003107","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008751","name":"Bundesinstitut f\u00fcr Risikobewertung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008751","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Current Opinion in Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,16]],"date-time":"2020-08-16T22:55:55Z","timestamp":1597618555000},"page":"121-128","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Reverse genetics approaches for hepatitis E virus and related viruses"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Johannes","family":"Scholz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Falkenhagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claus-Thomas","family":"Bock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reimar","family":"Johne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0005","series-title":"Hepatitis E","author":"WHO","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0010","article-title":"Hepatitis E: an underestimated emerging threat","volume":"6","author":"Webb","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ther Adv Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.13059","article-title":"Clinical features and determinants of chronicity in hepatitis E virus infection","volume":"26","author":"Narayanan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Viral Hepat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1406011","article-title":"Long-term efficacy of a hepatitis E vaccine","volume":"372","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2893","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.11.064","article-title":"A bacterially expressed particulate hepatitis E vaccine: antigenicity, immunogenicity and protectivity on primates","volume":"23","author":"Li","year":"2005","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.000393","article-title":"Proposed reference sequences for hepatitis E virus subtypes","volume":"97","author":"Smith","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1186\/s13567-017-0483-9","article-title":"Recent knowledge on hepatitis E virus in Suidae reservoirs and transmission routes to human","volume":"48","author":"Pavio","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-4190-1","article-title":"Why all blood donations should be tested for hepatitis E virus (HEV)","volume":"19","author":"Denner","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-virology-031413-085359","article-title":"Naked viruses that aren\u2019t always naked: quasi-enveloped agents of acute hepatitis","volume":"1","author":"Feng","year":"2014","journal-title":"Annu Rev Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1703","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-008-0179-6","article-title":"Monoclonal antibodies raised against the ORF3 protein of hepatitis E virus (HEV) can capture HEV particles in culture supernatant and serum but not those in feces","volume":"153","author":"Takahashi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1038\/s41426-018-0198-7","article-title":"Life cycle and morphogenesis of the hepatitis E virus","volume":"7","author":"Himmelsbach","year":"2018","journal-title":"Emerg Microbes Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1005521","article-title":"Endoplasmic reticulum stress induced synthesis of a novel viral factor mediates efficient replication of genotype-1 hepatitis E virus","volume":"12","author":"Nair","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1609.100444","article-title":"Novel hepatitis E virus genotype in Norway rats, Germany","volume":"16","author":"Johne","year":"2010","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2438","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1018878108","article-title":"Cross-species infections of cultured cells by hepatitis E virus and discovery of an infectious virus-host recombinant","volume":"108","author":"Shukla","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12157","article-title":"An ORF1-rearranged hepatitis E virus derived from a chronically infected patient efficiently replicates in cell culture","volume":"21","author":"Johne","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Viral Hepat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/v11060483","article-title":"Isolation of subtype 3c, 3e and 3f-like hepatitis E virus strains stably replicating to high viral loads in an optimized cell culture system","volume":"11","author":"Schemmerer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_sbref0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1731","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1912307117","article-title":"Robust hepatitis E virus infection and transcriptional response in human hepatocytes","volume":"117","author":"Todt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_sbref0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2019.01.007","article-title":"Cell culture systems for the study of hepatitis E virus","volume":"163","author":"Meister","year":"2019","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2014.06.024","article-title":"Hepeviridae: an expanding family of vertebrate viruses","volume":"27","author":"Johne","year":"2014","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12405","article-title":"Hepatitis E virus and related viruses in wild, domestic and zoo animals: a review","volume":"65","author":"Spahr","year":"2018","journal-title":"Zoonoses Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1093\/ilar\/ilu007","article-title":"Naturally occurring animal models of human hepatitis E virus infection","volume":"55","author":"Yugo","year":"2014","journal-title":"ILAR J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2307.170318","article-title":"Rabbit hepatitis E virus infections in humans, France","volume":"23","author":"Abravanel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2013.12.014","article-title":"Molecular characterization of a novel hepatitis E virus (HEV) strain obtained from a wild boar in Japan that is highly divergent from the previously recognized HEV strains","volume":"180","author":"Takahashi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.10.048","article-title":"Chronic infection with camelid hepatitis E virus in a liver transplant recipient who regularly consumes camel meat and milk","volume":"150","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2017.07.001","article-title":"Detection of rat hepatitis E virus in wild Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) and Black rats (Rattus rattus) from 11 European countries","volume":"208","author":"Ryll","year":"2017","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0130","first-page":"1203","article-title":"A rat model for hepatitis E virus","volume":"9","author":"Debing","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dis Model Mech"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0135","article-title":"Transmission of rat hepatitis E virus infection to humans in Hong Kong: a clinical and epidemiological analysis","author":"Sridhar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9030154","article-title":"Orthohepevirus C: an expanding species of emerging hepatitis E virus variants","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiz025","article-title":"Rat hepatitis E virus linked to severe acute hepatitis in an immunocompetent patient","volume":"220","author":"Andonov","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_sbref0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9030157","article-title":"Establishment of a plasmid-based reverse genetics system for the cell culture-adapted hepatitis E virus genotype 3c strain 47832c","volume":"9","author":"Scholz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pathogens"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_sbref0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2430","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.5.2430-2437.2000","article-title":"The in vitro-synthesized RNA from a cDNA clone of hepatitis E virus is infectious","volume":"74","author":"Panda","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_sbref0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15270","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.251555098","article-title":"Recombinant hepatitis E virus genomes infectious for primates: importance of capping and discovery of a cis-reactive element","volume":"98","author":"Emerson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4838","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.9.4838-4846.2004","article-title":"In vitro replication of hepatitis E virus (HEV) genomes and of an HEV replicon expressing green fluorescent protein","volume":"78","author":"Emerson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1524","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25215","article-title":"Roles of the genomic sequence surrounding the stem-loop structure in the junction region including the 3\u2019 terminus of open reading frame 1 in hepatitis E virus replication","volume":"90","author":"Cao","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.2.1017-1026.2005","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo mutational analysis of the 3\u2019-terminal regions of hepatitis e virus genomes and replicons","volume":"79","author":"Graff","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5919","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00046-06","article-title":"A bicistronic subgenomic mRNA encodes both the ORF2 and ORF3 proteins of hepatitis E virus","volume":"80","author":"Graff","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01219-07","article-title":"Mutations within potential glycosylation sites in the capsid protein of hepatitis E virus prevent the formation of infectious virus particles","volume":"82","author":"Graff","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01999-17","article-title":"Positive regulation of hepatitis E virus replication by microRNA-122","volume":"92","author":"Haldipur","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11924","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01935-14","article-title":"Hepatitis E virus inhibits type I interferon induction by ORF1 products","volume":"88","author":"Nan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2015.01.033","article-title":"The intergenic-junction variant (genotype 2 isolate) of hepatitis E virus restores the CREX\u2019 stem-loop\u2019 structural integrity, essential for viral life cycle","volume":"559","author":"Parvez","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_sbref0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1552","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.79.3.1552-1558.2005","article-title":"Capped RNA transcripts of full-length cDNA clones of swine hepatitis E virus are replication competent when transfected into Huh7 cells and infectious when intrahepatically inoculated into pigs","volume":"79","author":"Huang","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6031","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00444-13","article-title":"The hepatitis E virus capsid C-terminal region is essential for the viral life cycle: implication for viral genome encapsidation and particle stabilization","volume":"87","author":"Shiota","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_sbref0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5697","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00146-12","article-title":"Adaptation of a genotype 3 hepatitis E virus to efficient growth in cell culture depends on an inserted human gene segment acquired by recombination","volume":"86","author":"Shukla","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.007559-0","article-title":"Construction of an infectious cDNA clone of hepatitis E virus strain JE03-1760F that can propagate efficiently in cultured cells","volume":"90","author":"Yamada","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2016.07.011","article-title":"Analysis of adaptive mutations selected during the consecutive passages of hepatitis E virus produced from an infectious cDNA clone","volume":"223","author":"Nagashima","year":"2016","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.025791-0","article-title":"A PSAP motif in the ORF3 protein of hepatitis E virus is necessary for virion release from infected cells","volume":"92","author":"Nagashima","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2011.01.015","article-title":"Hepatitis E virus cell culture models","volume":"161","author":"Okamoto","year":"2011","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1880","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.010561-0","article-title":"ORF3 protein of hepatitis E virus is essential for virion release from infected cells","volume":"90","author":"Yamada","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2014.08.040","article-title":"A mutation in the hepatitis E virus RNA polymerase promotes its replication and associates with ribavirin treatment failure in organ transplant recipients","volume":"147","author":"Debing","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.051870-0","article-title":"An essential RNA element resides in a central region of hepatitis E virus ORF2","volume":"94","author":"Emerson","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/v10060301","article-title":"Inhibition of hepatitis E virus spread by the natural compound silvestrol","volume":"10","author":"Glitscher","year":"2018","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.11.013","article-title":"Stem cell-derived hepatocytes: a novel model for hepatitis E virus replication","volume":"64","author":"Helsen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3793","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.03582-14","article-title":"The lysine residues within the human ribosomal protein S17 sequence naturally inserted into the viral nonstructural protein of a unique strain of hepatitis E virus are important for enhanced virus replication","volume":"89","author":"Kenney","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2132","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02427-15","article-title":"Antiviral activities of different interferon types and subtypes against hepatitis E virus replication","volume":"60","author":"Todt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1733","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2015-311000","article-title":"In vivo evidence for ribavirin-induced mutagenesis of the hepatitis E virus genome","volume":"65","author":"Todt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2183","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.043711-0","article-title":"Rescue of a genotype 4 human hepatitis E virus from cloned cDNA and characterization of intergenotypic chimeric viruses in cultured human liver cells and in pigs","volume":"93","author":"Cordoba","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2013.06.021","article-title":"Infectivity of a genotype 4 hepatitis E virus cDNA clone by intrahepatic inoculation of laboratory rats","volume":"166","author":"Zhu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-018-3544-4","article-title":"Successful infection of BALB\/c mice by a swine hepatitis E virus clone constructed with reverse genetics","volume":"18","author":"Yu","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1288","article-title":"Genotype 5 hepatitis E virus produced by a reverse genetics system has the potential for zoonotic infection","volume":"3","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hepatol Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2016.07.013","article-title":"Production of infectious dromedary camel hepatitis E virus by a reverse genetic system: potential for zoonotic infection","volume":"65","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_sbref0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2585","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.81070-0","article-title":"Construction and characterization of infectious cDNA clones of a chicken strain of hepatitis E virus (HEV), avian HEV","volume":"86","author":"Huang","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2010.07.016","article-title":"Construction of an infectious cDNA clone of avian hepatitis E virus (avian HEV) recovered from a clinically healthy chicken in the United States and characterization of its pathogenicity in specific-pathogen-free chickens","volume":"147","author":"Kwon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vet Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.000045","article-title":"Construction of an infectious cDNA clone of genotype 1 avian hepatitis E virus: characterization of its pathogenicity in broiler breeders and demonstration of its utility in studying the role of the hypervariable region in virus replication","volume":"96","author":"Park","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_sbref0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.000072","article-title":"Construction and characterization of an infectious cDNA clone of rat hepatitis E virus","volume":"96","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2018.02.014","article-title":"An analysis of two open reading frames (ORF3 and ORF4) of rat hepatitis E virus genome using its infectious cDNA clones with mutations in ORF3 or ORF4","volume":"249","author":"Tanggis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01854-08","article-title":"Deletions of the hypervariable region (HVR) in open reading frame 1 of hepatitis E virus do not abolish virus infectivity: evidence for attenuation of HVR deletion mutants in vivo","volume":"83","author":"Pudupakam","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2010.12.011","article-title":"Intergenotypic chimeric hepatitis E viruses (HEVs) with the genotype 4 human HEV capsid gene in the backbone of genotype 3 swine HEV are infectious in pigs","volume":"156","author":"Feagins","year":"2011","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1829","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.000478","article-title":"Hepatitis E virus (HEV)-1 harbouring HEV-4 non-structural protein (ORF1) replicates in transfected porcine kidney cells","volume":"97","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02205-13","article-title":"Hepatitis E virus genotype 1 infection of swine kidney cells in vitro is inhibited at multiple levels","volume":"88","author":"Nguyen","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01932-17","article-title":"Novel synthesis and phenotypic analysis of mutant clouds for hepatitis E virus genotype 1","volume":"92","author":"Agarwal","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_sbref0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00459-19","article-title":"Recombinant hepatitis E viruses harboring tags in the ORF1 protein","volume":"93","author":"Szkolnicka","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.027714-0","article-title":"Hepatitis E virus replication involves alternating negative- and positive-sense RNA synthesis","volume":"92","author":"Varma","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2016.05.002","article-title":"Hepatitis E virus mutations associated with ribavirin treatment failure result in altered viral fitness and ribavirin sensitivity","volume":"65","author":"Debing","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5338","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02278-10","article-title":"Three amino acid mutations (F51L, T59A, and S390L) in the capsid protein of the hepatitis E virus collectively contribute to virus attenuation","volume":"85","author":"Cordoba","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004_bib0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.80705-0","article-title":"Replication of a recombinant hepatitis E virus genome tagged with reporter genes and generation of a short-term cell line producing viral RNA and proteins","volume":"86","author":"Thakral","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Gen Virol"}],"container-title":["Current Opinion in Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S187962572030047X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S187962572030047X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T10:06:01Z","timestamp":1761818761000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S187962572030047X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"references-count":75,"alternative-id":["S187962572030047X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["1879-6257"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1879-6257","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Reverse genetics approaches for hepatitis E virus and related viruses","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Current Opinion in Virology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.coviro.2020.07.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}