{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T21:49:39Z","timestamp":1781128179903,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOH-001259-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOH-001259-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012415","name":"Biomedical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012415","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001348","name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001348","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011738","name":"Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010754","name":"NHG","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TP24_P1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TP24_P1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010754","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Current Opinion in Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T22:19:35Z","timestamp":1757629175000},"page":"101487","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Nexus of virus and brain: recent advances in flavivirus and enterovirus neuro-infection"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Cheryl Yi-Pin","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fok-Moon","family":"Lum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib1","article-title":"Extracellular vesicles in the pathogenesis of neurotropic viruses","volume":"195","author":"Wu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Micro Pathog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2018.30","article-title":"Japanese encephalitis - the prospects for new treatments","volume":"14","author":"Turtle","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib3","article-title":"West Nile Virus infection in the central nervous system","volume":"5","author":"Winkelmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"F1000 Faculty Rev-105"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1592066","article-title":"Zika virus-associated neurological disease in the adult: Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome, encephalitis, and myelitis","volume":"34","author":"Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Semin Reprod Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1038\/nature18283","article-title":"A complement-microglial axis drives synapse loss during virus-induced memory impairment","volume":"534","author":"Vasek","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-019-0552-7","article-title":"Enterovirus A71 neurologic complications and long-term sequelae","volume":"26","author":"Chang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Biomed Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5201","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20205201","article-title":"Enterovirus-associated hand-foot and mouth disease and neurological complications in Japan and the rest of the world","volume":"20","author":"Gonzalez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2024.199386","article-title":"NLRP3-dependent pyroptosis exacerbates coxsackievirus A16 and coxsackievirus A10-induced inflammatory response and viral replication in SH-SY5Y cells","volume":"345","author":"Hu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-015-1511-3","article-title":"Neurotropic virus infections as the cause of immediate and delayed neuropathology","volume":"131","author":"Ludlow","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medj.2023.07.001","article-title":"What is a neurotropic virus: discrepancies in terminology between clinical and basic science","volume":"4","author":"Capendale","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib11","first-page":"370","article-title":"Japanese Encephalitis can be devastating","volume":"36","author":"Lopalco","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ann Ig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib12","article-title":"Long-term neurological sequelae and disease burden of Japanese Encephalitis in Gansu Province, China","volume":"87","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann Glob Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-024-03071-1","article-title":"Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the immune features and viral tropism in the central nervous system of mice infected with Japanese encephalitis virus","volume":"21","author":"Yang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Neuroinflamm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-024-03266-6","article-title":"Japanese encephalitis virus-induced DNA methylation contributes to blood-brain barrier permeability by modulating tight junction protein expression","volume":"21","author":"Xiang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Neuroinflamm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104680","article-title":"Evolution and epidemiologic dynamics of dengue virus in Nicaragua during the emergence of chikungunya and Zika viruses","volume":"92","author":"Edgerton","year":"2021","journal-title":"Infect Genet Evol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1598","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.01.036","article-title":"Flavivirus NS1 triggers tissue-specific vascular endothelial dysfunction reflecting disease tropism","volume":"26","author":"Puerta-Guardo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1641","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01979-09","article-title":"NS1' of flaviviruses in the Japanese encephalitis virus serogroup is a product of ribosomal frameshifting and plays a role in viral neuroinvasiveness","volume":"84","author":"Melian","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_sbref18","article-title":"Japanese encephalitis virus NS1 and NS1\u2032 protein disrupts the blood-brain barrier through macrophage migration inhibitory factor-mediated autophagy","volume":"98","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2022.02.001","article-title":"The interactions of flaviviruses with cellular receptors: Implications for virus entry","volume":"568","author":"Anwar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Virology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1012844","article-title":"Key virulence factors responsible for differences in pathogenicity between clinically proven live-attenuated Japanese encephalitis vaccine SA14-14-2 and its pre-attenuated highly virulent parent SA14","volume":"21","author":"Song","year":"2025","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1108.050289a","article-title":"Epidemiology and transmission dynamics of West Nile virus disease","volume":"11","author":"Hayes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1174","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1108.050289b","article-title":"Virology, pathology, and clinical manifestations of West Nile virus disease","volume":"11","author":"Hayes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"taac125","DOI":"10.1093\/jtm\/taac125","article-title":"Rapid spread of a new West Nile virus lineage 1 associated with increased risk of neuroinvasive disease during a large outbreak in Italy in 2022","volume":"31","author":"Barzon","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Travel Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1007\/s40121-025-01140-3","article-title":"West Nile Virus outbreak in Israel 2024 compared with previous seasons: a retrospective study","author":"Katzenellenbogen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Infect Dis Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib25","article-title":"Long-term, West Nile virus-induced neurological changes: a comparison of patients and rodent models","volume":"7","author":"Fulton","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1961","DOI":"10.3390\/v14091961","article-title":"A potential role for substance P in West Nile Virus neuropathogenesis","volume":"14","author":"Ronca","year":"2022","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13155","article-title":"Inflammation in acute CNS injury: a focus on the role of substance P","volume":"173","author":"Corrigan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Pharm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib28","first-page":"3","article-title":"Congenital Zika syndrome","volume":"80","author":"Crisanto-L\u00f3pez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2018.02.009","article-title":"Zika virus: from an obscurity to a priority","volume":"20","author":"Lee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1097\/COH.0000000000000926","article-title":"Zika virus: an overview update","volume":"20","author":"de Jong","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr Opin HIV AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib31","article-title":"Neurological manifestations of Zika Virus infection: an updated review of the existing literature","volume":"17","author":"Saeed","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(01)00149-X","article-title":"Multiple roles of mouse Numb in tuning developmental cell fates","volume":"11","author":"Zilian","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.3390\/v15061258","article-title":"Zika virus induces degradation of the numb protein required through embryonic neurogenesis","volume":"15","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_sbref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1012756","article-title":"A zebrafish-based in vivo model of Zika virus infection unveils alterations of the glutamatergic neuronal development and NS4A as a key viral determinant of neuropathogenesis","volume":"20","author":"Sow","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2017.11.006","article-title":"Disrupted circuits in mouse models of autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability","volume":"48","author":"Golden","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1111\/cch.13044","article-title":"Neurodevelopmental outcomes in a cohort of children with congenital Zika syndrome at 12 and 24 months of age","volume":"49","author":"Marques","year":"2023","journal-title":"Child Care Health Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.3390\/children9081216","article-title":"Evaluation of anomalies and neurodevelopment in children exposed to ZIKV during pregnancy","volume":"9","author":"Guardado","year":"2022","journal-title":"Children"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_sbref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2024.10.028","article-title":"Differential contributions of fetal mononuclear phagocytes to Zika virus neuroinvasion versus neuroprotection during congenital infection","volume":"187","author":"Abdelbasset","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw878","article-title":"Zika virus infects human fetal brain microglia and induces inflammation","volume":"64","author":"Lum","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_sbref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.24619","article-title":"Protein kinase R induced by type I interferons is a main regulator of reactive microglia in Zika virus infection","volume":"73","author":"Bortolin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00556-23","article-title":"Zika virus infection induces interleukin-1\u03b2-mediated inflammatory responses by macrophages in the brain of an adult mouse model","volume":"97","author":"Jeong","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-021-02370-8","article-title":"Analyzing microglial phenotypes across neuropathologies: a practical guide","volume":"142","author":"Schwabenland","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-022-02668-8","article-title":"Zika virus infection of mature neurons from immunocompetent mice generates a disease-associated microglia and a tauopathy-like phenotype in link with a delayed interferon beta response","volume":"19","author":"Manet","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neuroinflamm"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep08489","article-title":"Neuroinflammation and A\u03b2 accumulation linked to systemic inflammation are decreased by genetic PKR down-regulation","volume":"5","author":"Carret-Rebillat","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.23.021704.115835","article-title":"Role of C5a in inflammatory responses","volume":"23","author":"Guo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Annu Rev Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104570","article-title":"Tissue-specific expansion of Zika virus isogenic variants drive disease pathogenesis","volume":"91","author":"Chan","year":"2023","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/2635383","article-title":"Differential infectivity of human neural cell lines by a dengue virus serotype-3 genotype-III with a distinct nonstructural protein 2A (NS2A) amino acid substitution isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of a dengue encephalitis patient","volume":"2023","author":"Phu Ly","year":"2023","journal-title":"Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000001128","article-title":"Dengue encephalitis: what's new?","author":"Noronha","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr Opin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2025.2477668","article-title":"CpG oligodeoxynucleotides and pan-serotype inhibitors control neurotropic dengue infection in novel immune competent neonatal mouse model","volume":"14","author":"Mendoza","year":"2025","journal-title":"Emerg Microbes Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-023-00908-4","article-title":"Current status of hand-foot-and-mouth disease","volume":"30","author":"Zhu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Biomed Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.11622\/smedj.2016099","article-title":"Enterovirus infections in Singaporean children: an assessment of neurological manifestations and clinical outcomes","volume":"58","author":"Thong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Singap Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.28120","article-title":"Enterovirus-71 utilizes small extracellular vesicles to cross the blood-brain barrier for infecting the central nervous system via transcytosis","volume":"95","author":"Gu","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-17272-2","article-title":"Host neuronal PRSS3 interacts with enterovirus A71 3A protein and its role in viral replication","volume":"12","author":"Rattanakomol","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_sbref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.70308","article-title":"Infection of neuronal cells by severe case enterovirus A71 enhances NF-\u03baB activity and increases NF-\u03baB related pro-inflammatory cytokines","volume":"97","author":"Shen","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2680","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.23.8.2680-2698.2003","article-title":"From calcium to NF-kappa B signaling pathways in neurons","volume":"23","author":"Lilienbaum","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2024.2382235","article-title":"Enterovirus-A71 preferentially infects and replicates in human motor neurons, inducing neurodegeneration by ferroptosis","volume":"13","author":"Chooi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Emerg Microbes Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2024.1475934","article-title":"The role of ferroptosis in neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"18","author":"Fei","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib58","article-title":"Epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot, and mouth disease in China: a meta-analysis","volume":"100","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1374447","article-title":"IP-10 acts early in CV-A16 infection to induce BBB destruction and promote virus entry into the CNS by increasing TNF-\u03b1 expression","volume":"15","author":"Hu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.141032","article-title":"West Nile virus non-structural protein 1 promotes amyloid Beta deposition and neurodegeneration","volume":"305","author":"Beltrami","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-022-00958-x","article-title":"Zika virus infection accelerates Alzheimer's disease phenotypes in brain organoids","volume":"8","author":"Lee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Death Discov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.3390\/biom15040514","article-title":"Neurotropic viruses as acute and insidious drivers of aging","volume":"15","author":"Rocchi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomolecules"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_sbref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.14409","article-title":"Compromised CD8+ T cell immunity in the aged brain increases severity of neurotropic coronavirus infection and postinfectious cognitive impairment","volume":"24","author":"Reagin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.28606","article-title":"Brain organoids: A revolutionary tool for modeling neurological disorders and development of therapeutics","volume":"121","author":"Acharya","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biotechnol Bioeng"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0548-y","article-title":"High-definition spatial transcriptomics for in situ tissue profiling","volume":"16","author":"Vickovic","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12050816","article-title":"Pathogenesis Underlying Neurological Manifestations of Long COVID Syndrome and Potential Therapeutics","volume":"12","author":"Leng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cells"}],"container-title":["Current Opinion in Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1879625725000379?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1879625725000379?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T14:48:43Z","timestamp":1772894923000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1879625725000379"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":66,"alternative-id":["S1879625725000379"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487","relation":{},"ISSN":["1879-6257"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1879-6257","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Nexus of virus and brain: recent advances in flavivirus and enterovirus neuro-infection","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Current Opinion in Virology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.coviro.2025.101487","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101487"}}