{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T21:27:44Z","timestamp":1794000464646,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":103,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2027,1,1]],"date-time":"2027-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1798761600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Current Problems in Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T14:12:09Z","timestamp":1789308729000},"page":"103456","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Contemporary catheter-based interventions for acute venous thromboembolism: A new frontier in cardiology"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Gabriela M.","family":"Diaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sally","family":"El Sammak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0654-5995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Ossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8699-0572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas J.","family":"Mouawad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wissam","family":"Jaber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adil","family":"Waheed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chayakrit","family":"Krittanawong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2015.83","article-title":"Epidemiology of venous thromboembolism","volume":"12","author":"Heit","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.115.306841","article-title":"Global burden of thrombosis","volume":"118","author":"Wendelboe","year":"2016","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000031167.64088.F6","article-title":"Pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis","volume":"106","author":"Goldhaber","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4693","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2020001830","article-title":"American society of hematology 2020 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: treatment of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism","volume":"4","author":"Ortel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1636","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000130","article-title":"The postthrombotic syndrome: evidence-based prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies","volume":"130","author":"Kahn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.13741","article-title":"Chronic complications of venous thromboembolism","volume":"15","author":"Winter","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0007","first-page":"e255","article-title":"Trends in mortality from pulmonary embolism in the United States, 1999\\'962018","volume":"134","author":"Stein","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2685","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2010.04065.x","article-title":"Predictors of the post-thrombotic syndrome with non-invasive venous examinations in patients 6 weeks after a first episode of deep vein thrombosis","volume":"8","author":"Tick","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2020.09.023","article-title":"Editor's choice - European society for vascular surgery (ESVS) 2021 clinical practice guidelines on the management of venous thrombosis","volume":"61","author":"Kakkos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4693","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2020001830","article-title":"American society of hematology 2020 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: treatment of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism","volume":"4","author":"Ortel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Blood Adv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0011","article-title":"Venous thromboembolic diseases: diagnosis, management and thrombophilia testing","year":"2020","journal-title":"NICE guidel"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwab088","volume":"29","author":"Mazzolai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Prev Cardiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.037425","article-title":"Endovascular thrombus removal for acute iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis","volume":"139","author":"Comerota","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2240","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1615066","article-title":"Pharmacomechanical catheter-directed thrombolysis for deep-vein thrombosis","volume":"377","author":"Vedantham","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1984","DOI":"10.3390\/life12121984","article-title":"Catheter-directed interventions for the treatment of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis","volume":"12","author":"Shah","year":"2022","journal-title":"Life"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0016","article-title":"Thrombolytic strategies versus standard anticoagulation for acute deep vein thrombosis of the lower limb","volume":"1","author":"Broderick","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(84)90656-9","article-title":"Pooled analyses of randomized trials of streptokinase and heparin in phlebographically documented acute deep venous thrombosis","volume":"76","author":"Goldhaber","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0018","first-page":"CD002783","article-title":"Thrombolysis for acute deep vein thrombosis","volume":"11","author":"Watson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0019","first-page":"167","article-title":"Comparative results of thrombolysis treatment with rt-PA and urokinase: a pilot study","volume":"27","author":"Schweizer","year":"1998","journal-title":"Vasa"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800661203","article-title":"A comparative randomized trial of heparin versus streptokinase in the treatment of acute proximal venous thrombosis: an interim report of a prospective trial","volume":"66","author":"Elliot","year":"1979","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(00)00863-9","article-title":"Short- and long-term results after thrombolytic treatment of deep venous thrombosis","volume":"36","author":"Schweizer","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1182\/hematology.2020000148","article-title":"Thrombolytic therapy in acute venous thromboembolism","volume":"2020","author":"Chiasakul","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hematology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2012.09.017","article-title":"Treatment of high-risk venous thrombosis patients using low-dose intraclot injections of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator and regional anticoagulation","volume":"24","author":"Chang","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1775992","article-title":"Single-session thrombectomy without thrombolysis for iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis: a single-center experience of ClotTriever with evaluation of predictors for reocclusion","volume":"8","author":"Yu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Arab J Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1788","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e318214914f","article-title":"Management of massive and submassive pulmonary embolism, iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis, and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: a scientific statement from the American heart association","volume":"123","author":"Jaff","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1677795","article-title":"Pharmacomechanical catheter-directed thrombolysis in acute femoral-popliteal deep vein thrombosis: analysis from a stratified randomized trial","volume":"119","author":"Kearon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-015-1318-z","article-title":"Guidance for the use of thrombolytic therapy for the treatment of venous thromboembolism","volume":"41","author":"Vedantham","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Thromb Thrombolysis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2014.12.013","article-title":"Pharmacomechanical thrombectomy in the management of deep vein thrombosis using the cleaner device: an initial single-center experience","volume":"29","author":"Bozkurt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1097\/01.RVI.0000064849.87207.4F","article-title":"Endovascular management of venous thrombotic and occlusive diseases of the lower extremities","volume":"14","author":"Sharafuddin","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.21037\/cdt.2016.11.20","article-title":"Catheter directed interventions for acute deep vein thrombosis","volume":"6","author":"Kohi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diagn Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2011.10.032","article-title":"Postthrombotic morbidity correlates with residual thrombus following catheter-directed thrombolysis for iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis","volume":"55","author":"Comerota","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2012.04.016","article-title":"Quantity of residual thrombus after successful catheter-directed thrombolysis for iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis correlates with recurrence","volume":"44","author":"Aziz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2009.12.021","article-title":"Quantity of clot lysed after catheter-directed thrombolysis for iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis correlates with postthrombotic morbidity","volume":"51","author":"Grewal","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"issue":"9810","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61753-4","article-title":"Long-term outcome after additional catheter-directed thrombolysis versus standard treatment for acute iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis (the CaVenT study): a randomised controlled trial","volume":"379","author":"Enden","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e64","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(15)00248-3","article-title":"Post-thrombotic syndrome after catheter-directed thrombolysis for deep vein thrombosis (CaVenT): 5-year follow-up results of an open-label, randomised controlled trial","volume":"3","author":"Haig","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e40","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(19)30209-1","article-title":"Ultrasound-accelerated catheter-directed thrombolysis versus anticoagulation for the prevention of post-thrombotic syndrome (CAVA): a single-blind, multicentre, randomised trial","volume":"7","author":"Notten","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.120.018973","article-title":"CAVA (Ultrasound-accelerated catheter-directed thrombolysis on preventing post-thrombotic syndrome) trial: long-term follow-up results","volume":"10","author":"Notten","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2009.03294.x","article-title":"Definition of post-thrombotic syndrome of the leg for use in clinical investigations: a recommendation for standardization","volume":"7","author":"Kahn","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Thromb Haemost"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.119.013398","article-title":"Ultrasound-accelerated thrombolysis and venoplasty for the treatment of the postthrombotic syndrome: results of the ACCESS PTS study","volume":"9","author":"Garcia","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0040","article-title":"AngioJet thrombectomy versus catheter-directed thrombolysis for lower extremity deep vein thrombosis: a meta-analysis of clinical trials","volume":"27","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Appl Thromb Hemost"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1097\/01.RVI.0000228334.47073.C4","article-title":"Adjunctive percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy for lower-extremity deep vein thrombosis: clinical and economic outcomes","volume":"17","author":"Kim","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2015.01.036","article-title":"Endovascular management of deep vein thrombosis with rheolytic thrombectomy: final report of the prospective multicenter PEARL (Peripheral use of angiojet rheolytic thrombectomy with a variety of catheter lengths) registry","volume":"26","author":"Garcia","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0043","article-title":"Safety and effectiveness of mechanical thrombectomy from the fully enrolled multicenter, prospective CLOUT registry","volume":"2","author":"Dexter","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Soc Cardiovasc Angiogr Interv"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1583\/11-3674MR.1","article-title":"Thrombus obliteration by rapid percutaneous endovenous intervention in deep venous occlusion (TORPEDO) trial: midterm results","volume":"19","author":"Sharifi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Endovasc Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2023.11.017","article-title":"Mechanical thrombectomy vs. pharmacomechanical catheter directed thrombolysis for the treatment of iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis: a propensity score matched exploratory analysis of 12 month clinical outcomes","volume":"67","author":"Abramowitz","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2024.10.016","article-title":"Rationale and design of the DEFIANCE study: a randomized controlled trial of mechanical thrombectomy versus anticoagulation alone for iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis","volume":"281","author":"Abramowitz","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-22-4334","article-title":"Percutaneous endovenous intervention versus anticoagulation in the treatment of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.09.011","volume":"77","author":"Kumbhani","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0049","article-title":"Fixed dose subcutaneous low molecular weight heparins versus adjusted dose unfractionated heparin for the initial treatment of venous thromboembolism","volume":"2","author":"Robertson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s12959-021-00260-3","article-title":"Feasibility of anticoagulation using low molecular-weight heparin during catheter-directed thrombolysis for lower extremity deep venous thrombosis","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Thromb J"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2018.01.007","article-title":"Antithrombotic therapy following venous stenting: international delphi consensus","volume":"55","author":"Milinis","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2021.02.012","article-title":"Early thrombosis after iliac stenting for venous outflow occlusion is related to disease severity and type of anticoagulation","volume":"9","author":"Marston","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0054","first-page":"CD012369","article-title":"Antiplatelet agents for the treatment of deep venous thrombosis","volume":"7","author":"Flumignan","year":"2022","journal-title":"The Cochrane database of systematic reviews"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2020.08.024","article-title":"Outcomes of endovascular venous stenting in patients on direct oral anticoagulants and antiplatelet therapy at a tertiary referral center","volume":"9","author":"Hays","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0055","article-title":"2026 AHA\/ACC\/ACCP\/ACEP\/CHEST\/SCAI\/SHM\/SIR\/SVM\/SVN guideline for the evaluation and management of acute pulmonary embolism in adults: a report of the American college of cardiology\/American heart association joint committee on clinical practice guidelines","author":"Writing Committee","year":"2026","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz405","article-title":"2019 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acute pulmonary embolism","volume":"41","author":"Konstantinides","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2021.07.055","article-title":"Antithrombotic therapy for VTE disease: second update of the CHEST guideline and expert panel report","volume":"160","author":"Stevens","year":"2021","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2414","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.5990","article-title":"Thrombolysis for pulmonary embolism and risk of all-cause mortality, major bleeding, and intracranial hemorrhage: a meta-analysis","volume":"311","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2023.02.004","article-title":"Prevalence and predictors of cardiogenic shock in intermediate-risk pulmonary embolism: insights from the FLASH registry","volume":"16","author":"Bangalore","year":"2023","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Interv"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.12.024","article-title":"Acute pulmonary embolism: with an emphasis on an interventional approach","volume":"67","author":"Jaber","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.005544","article-title":"Randomized, controlled trial of ultrasound-assisted catheter-directed thrombolysis for acute intermediate-risk pulmonary embolism","volume":"129","author":"Kucher","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0062","first-page":"1382","article-title":"A prospective, single-arm, multicenter trial of ultrasound-facilitated, catheter-directed, low-dose fibrinolysis for acute massive and submassive pulmonary embolism (SEATTLE II)","volume":"8","author":"Piazza","year":"2015","journal-title":"JACC: Cardiovasc Interv"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0063","first-page":"754","article-title":"Safety and efficacy of catheter-directed thrombolysis for massive and submassive pulmonary embolism: results of a multicenter registry and meta-analysis","volume":"89","author":"Bloomer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Catheter Cardiovasc Interv"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0064","first-page":"143","article-title":"Pulmonary embolism response to fragmentation, embolectomy, and catheter thrombolysis (PERFECT): initial results from a prospective multicenter registry","volume":"20","author":"Kuo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vasc Med"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E833","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.220960","article-title":"Catheter-directed thrombolysis compared with systemic thrombolysis and anticoagulation in patients with intermediate- or high-risk pulmonary embolism: systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"195","author":"Planer","year":"2023","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0066","first-page":"1401","article-title":"A randomized trial of the optimum duration of acoustic pulse thrombolysis procedure in acute intermediate-risk pulmonary embolism: the OPTALYSE PE trial","volume":"11","author":"Tapson","year":"2018","journal-title":"JACC: Cardiovasc Interv"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0067","first-page":"1364","article-title":"Randomized trial comparing standard versus ultrasound-assisted thrombolysis for submassive pulmonary embolism: the SUNSET sPE trial","volume":"14","author":"Avgerinos","year":"2021","journal-title":"JACC: Cardiovasc Interv"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-025-03100-7","article-title":"Comparison of safety and efficacy of ultrasound-accelerated thrombolysis vs. standard catheter-directed thrombolysis for the management of acute pulmonary embolism '96 a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"58","author":"Passey","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Thromb Thrombolysis"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2022.3591","article-title":"Catheter-directed thrombolysis vs anticoagulation in patients with acute intermediate-high-risk pulmonary embolism: the CANARY randomized clinical trial","volume":"7","author":"Sadeghipour","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA cardiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.123.013448","article-title":"Prospective multicenter international registry of ultrasound-facilitated catheter-directed thrombolysis in intermediate-high and high-risk pulmonary embolism (KNOCOUT PE)","volume":"17","author":"Sterling","year":"2024","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Interv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2024.11.016","article-title":"Rationale and design of the PE-TRACT trial: a multicenter randomized trial to evaluate catheter-directed therapy for the treatment of intermediate-risk pulmonary embolism","volume":"281","author":"Sista","year":"2025","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0072","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e642","DOI":"10.4244\/EIJ-D-24-01085","article-title":"Design and rationale of PRAGUE-26: a multicentre, randomised trial of catheter-directed thrombolysis for intermediate-high risk acute pulmonary embolism","volume":"21","author":"Kroupa","year":"2025","journal-title":"EuroIntervention"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2022.05.011","article-title":"Ultrasound-facilitated, catheter-directed thrombolysis vs anticoagulation alone for acute intermediate-high-risk pulmonary embolism: rationale and design of the HI-PEITHO study","volume":"251","author":"Klok","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1979","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2516567","article-title":"Ultrasound-facilitated, catheter-directed fibrinolysis for acute pulmonary embolism","volume":"394","author":"Rosenfield","year":"2026","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4804(69)90079-1","article-title":"Transvenous removal of pulmonary emboli by vacuum-cup catheter technique","volume":"9","author":"Greenfield","year":"1969","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1917","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.963041","article-title":"Catheter-assisted pulmonary embolectomy","volume":"126","author":"Sobieszczyk","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0077","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.114.5.1427","article-title":"Fragmentation of massive pulmonary embolism using a pigtail rotation catheter","volume":"114","author":"Schmitz-Rode","year":"1998","journal-title":"Chest"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0078","article-title":"Novel aspiration thrombectomy and blood reinfusion system for acute intermediate-risk pulmonary embolism: AVENTUS trial results","volume":"4","author":"Sabri","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Soc Cardiovasc Angiogr Interv"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0079","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.125.015815","article-title":"Prospective multicenter IDE study of the next-generation precision aspiration thrombectomy system for intermediate-risk pulmonary embolism: the SYMPHONY-PE trial","volume":"18","author":"Bangalore","year":"2025","journal-title":"Circ Cardiovasc Interv"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.4244\/EIJ-D-22-00732","article-title":"Acute outcomes for the full US cohort of the FLASH mechanical thrombectomy registry in pulmonary embolism","volume":"18","author":"Toma","year":"2023","journal-title":"EuroIntervention"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0081","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.124.072364","article-title":"Large-bore mechanical thrombectomy versus catheter-directed thrombolysis in the management of intermediate-risk pulmonary embolism: primary results of the PEERLESS randomized controlled trial","volume":"151","author":"Jaber","year":"2025","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0082","first-page":"101982","article-title":"PEERLESS II: a randomized controlled trial of large-bore thrombectomy versus anticoagulation in intermediate-risk pulmonary embolism","volume":"3","author":"Giri","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Soc Cardiovasc Angiogr Interv"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0083","first-page":"222","article-title":"Outcomes in high-risk pulmonary embolism patients undergoing FlowTriever mechanical thrombectomy: the FLAME study in perspective","volume":"12","author":"Morrow","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0084","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2025.107331","article-title":"Large-bore mechanical thrombectomy vs standard of care for acute high-risk pulmonary embolism: rationale and design of the PERSEVERE randomized controlled trial","volume":"294","author":"Chopard","year":"2026","journal-title":"Am Heart J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0085","first-page":"319","article-title":"Indigo aspiration system for treatment of pulmonary embolism: results of the EXTRACT-PE trial","volume":"14","author":"Sista","year":"2021","journal-title":"JACC: Cardiovasc Interv"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2024.04.028","article-title":"Clinical, functional, and quality-of-life outcomes after computer assisted vacuum thrombectomy for pulmonary embolism: interim analysis of the STRIKE-PE study","volume":"35","author":"Moriarty","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0087","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.125.077232","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of mechanical thrombectomy with anticoagulation versus anticoagulation alone for acute intermediate-high risk pulmonary embolism: primary outcomes from the STORM-PE trial","volume":"153","author":"Lookstein","year":"2026","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2427","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2022.09.011","article-title":"Pharmacomechanical catheter-directed thrombolysis with the Bashir endovascular catheter for acute pulmonary embolism: the RESCUE study","volume":"15","author":"Bashir","year":"2022","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Interv"},{"issue":"6 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0089","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101789","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101789","article-title":"Safety and feasibility of on-the-table pharmacomechanical lysis for acute intermediate-risk pulmonary embolism: the RESCUE-II study","volume":"4","author":"Lakhter","year":"2025","journal-title":"JACC Adv"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e774","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000707","article-title":"Interventional therapies for acute pulmonary embolism: current status and principles for the development of novel evidence","volume":"140","author":"Giri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0091","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-020-02138-z","article-title":"Thromboembolism and anticoagulant therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic: interim clinical guidance from the anticoagulation forum","volume":"50","author":"Barnes","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Thromb Thrombolysis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1113697","article-title":"Dabigatran versus placebo for extended treatment of venous thromboembolism (RE-SONATE)","volume":"368","author":"Schulman","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.211.1.r99ap4739","article-title":"Catheter-directed thrombolysis for lower extremity deep venous thrombosis: report of a national multicenter registry","volume":"211","author":"Mewissen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0094","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2024.07.033","article-title":"Innovation in catheter-directed therapy for intermediate-high-risk and high-risk pulmonary embolism","volume":"17","author":"Zuin","year":"2024","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Interv"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2025.102325","article-title":"Predictive biomarkers for post-thrombotic syndrome","volume":"14","author":"Moreno","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0096","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1051","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001330","article-title":"Revisiting the open vein hypothesis to reduce the postthrombotic syndrome: implications for multidisciplinary care and research: a scientific statement from the American heart association","volume":"151","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0097","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-1760846","article-title":"Thrombus signal on T1-weighted black-blood MR predicts outcomes of catheter-directed thrombolysis in acute deep vein thrombosis","volume":"123","author":"Huang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0098","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2025","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2025.1664470","article-title":"Application of artificial intelligence in risk assessment and management of venous thromboembolism: scoping review","volume":"16","author":"Gu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0099","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e698","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(22)00215-0","article-title":"Development of an international standard set of outcome measures for patients with venous thromboembolism: an international consortium for health outcomes measurement consensus recommendation","volume":"9","author":"Gwozdz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2014.04.019","article-title":"Quality improvement guidelines for the treatment of lower-extremity deep vein thrombosis with use of endovascular thrombus removal","volume":"25","author":"Vedantham","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2022.10.038","article-title":"Society of interventional radiology position statement on the endovascular management of acute iliofemoral deep vein thrombosis","volume":"34","author":"Vedantham","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Vasc Interv Radiol"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib0102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.17272","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of lower extremity venous thromboembolism: a review","volume":"324","author":"Chopard","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2018.12.022","article-title":"A prospective, single-arm, multicenter trial of catheter-directed mechanical thrombectomy for intermediate-risk acute pulmonary embolism: The FLARE study","volume":"12","author":"Tu","year":"2019","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Interv"}],"container-title":["Current Problems in Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0146280626001970?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0146280626001970?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T21:02:20Z","timestamp":1793998940000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0146280626001970"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"references-count":103,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0146280626001970"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456","relation":{},"ISSN":["0146-2806"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0146-2806","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2027,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Contemporary catheter-based interventions for acute venous thromboembolism: A new frontier in cardiology","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Current Problems in Cardiology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2026.103456","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103456"}}