{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T23:34:23Z","timestamp":1773272063337,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,14]],"date-time":"2017-10-14T10:46:44Z","timestamp":1507978004000},"page":"19-26","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate and Its Uses in the Foot and Ankle"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"James M.","family":"Cottom","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Britton S.","family":"Plemmons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fcl.2016.07.005","article-title":"Bone marrow aspirate concentration for bone healing in foot and ankle surgery","volume":"21","author":"Hartford","year":"2016","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Clin N Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100713519078","article-title":"Stem cell-bearing suture improves Achilles tendon healing in a rat model","volume":"35","author":"Adams","year":"2014","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199105000-00038","article-title":"Autologous marrow injection as a substitute for operative grafting of tibial nonunions","volume":"266","author":"Connolly","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1927","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.I.01284","article-title":"Concentrated bone marrow aspirate improves full-thickness cartilage repair compared with microfracture in the equine model","volume":"92","author":"Fortier","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2011.07.032","article-title":"Autologous bone marrow cell implantation in the treatment of non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head: five year follow-up of a prospective controlled study","volume":"49","author":"Gangji","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198971050-00007","article-title":"Development of an osteogenic bone marrow preparation","volume":"71","author":"Connolly","year":"1989","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.L.01529","article-title":"Quantitative assessment of the yield of osteoblastic connective tissue progenitors in bone marrow aspirate from the iliac crest, tibia, and calcaneus","volume":"95","author":"Hyer","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.21200","article-title":"Adult mesenchymal stem cells for tissue engineering versus regenerative medicine","volume":"213","author":"Caplan","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Cell Physiol"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1184","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.K.01422","article-title":"Recombinant human platelet derived growth factor-BB and beta-tricalcium phosphate (rhPDGF-BB\/beta- TCP): an alternative to autogenous bone graft","volume":"95","author":"DiGiovanni","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1177\/107110079401501102","article-title":"A\u00a0review of ankle arthrodesis: predisposing factors to nonunion","volume":"15","author":"Frey","year":"1994","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200005000-00002","article-title":"Isolated subtalar arthrodesis","volume":"82","author":"Easley","year":"2000","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100716642845","article-title":"Clinical and operative factors related to successful revision arthrodesis in the foot and ankle","volume":"37","author":"O\u2019Connor","year":"2016","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1053\/j.otsm.2011.04.003","article-title":"The use of platelet-rich plasma in the management of foot and ankle conditions","volume":"19","author":"Jia","year":"2011","journal-title":"Oper Tech Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546510383515","article-title":"Autologous platelets have no effect on the healing of human Achilles tendon ruptures: a randomized single-blind study","volume":"39","author":"Schepull","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06402.x","article-title":"Bone marrow cells differentiate into wound myofibroblasts and accelerate the healing of wounds with exposed bones when combined with an occlusive dressing","volume":"152","author":"Yamaguchi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200609001-00015","article-title":"Percutaneous autologous bone-marrow grafting for nonunions: surgical technique","volume":"88-A","author":"Hernigou","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.E.01396","article-title":"Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells influence early tendon-healing in a rabbit Achilles tendon model","volume":"89","author":"Chong","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1699","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199711000-00012","article-title":"Aspiration to obtain osteoblast progenitor cells from human bone marrow: the influence of aspiration volume","volume":"79-A","author":"Muschler","year":"1997","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2007.05.009","article-title":"Percutaneous autologous bone-marrow harvest from the calcaneus and proximal tibia: surgical technique","volume":"46","author":"Schweinberger","year":"2007","journal-title":"J\u00a0Foot Ankle Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2008.05.001","article-title":"Percutaneous bone marrow aspirate and bone graft harvesting techniques in the lower extremity","volume":"25","author":"Schade","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Podiatr Med Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2009.07.016","article-title":"Complications associated with autogenous bone marrow aspirate harvest from the lower extremity: an observational cohort study","volume":"48","author":"Roukis","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Foot Ankle Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1080\/14653240600855905","article-title":"Minimal criteria for defining multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells. The International Society for Cellular Therapy position statement","volume":"8","author":"Dominici","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5411.143","article-title":"Multilineage potential of adult human mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"284","author":"Pittenger","year":"1999","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000113","article-title":"A\u00a0prospective comparison of 3 approved systems for autologous bone marrow concentration demonstrated nonequivalency in progenitor cell number and concentration","volume":"28","author":"Hegde","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2279","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-013-2017-z","article-title":"Benefits of small volume and small syringe for bone marrow aspirations of mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"37","author":"Hernigou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2016.09.006","article-title":"Assessment of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells in bone marrow aspirate from human calcaneus","volume":"56","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"J\u00a0Foot Ankle Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000000453","article-title":"Bone marrow aspirate concentrate in animal long bone healing: an analysis of basic science evidence","volume":"30","author":"Gianakos","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib28","first-page":"1430","article-title":"Percutaneous autologous bone-marrow grafting for nonunions. Influence of the number and concentration of progenitor cells","volume":"87","author":"Hernigou","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100713478918","article-title":"Cannulated screw delivery of bone marrow aspirate concentrate to a stress fracture nonunion: technique tip","volume":"34","author":"Adams","year":"2013","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1639","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-015-2738-2","article-title":"Percutaneous injection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for ankle non-unions decreases complications in patients with diabetes","volume":"39","author":"Hernigou","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546510393306","article-title":"Percutaneous internal fixation of proximal fifth metatarsal jones fractures (zones II and III) with Charlotte Carolina screw and bone marrow aspirate concentrate: an outcome study in athletes","volume":"39","author":"Murawski","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100715625290","article-title":"Operative treatment of fifth metatarsal jones fractures (zones II and III) in the NBA","volume":"37","author":"O\u2019Malley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1186\/1755-1536-3-9","article-title":"Interleukins 4 and 13 modulate gene expression and promote proliferation of primary human tenocytes","volume":"3","author":"Courneya","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fibrogenesis Tissue Repair"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1639","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2012.04.038","article-title":"The effect of suture coated with mesenchymal stem cells and bioactive substrate on tendon repair strength in a rat model","volume":"37","author":"Yao","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hand Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-925X-13-42","article-title":"Human multipotent mesenchymal stem cells improve healing after collagenase tendon injury in the rat","volume":"13","author":"Urdzikova","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomed Eng Online"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-015-2725-7","article-title":"Outcomes of acute Ac hilles tendon rupture repair with bone marrow aspirate concentrate augmentation","volume":"39","author":"Stein","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-009-0942-6","article-title":"Treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus: a systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Zengerink","year":"2010","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.85B7.13959","article-title":"Arthroscopic treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus","volume":"85","author":"Robinson","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1750","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546508316773","article-title":"Arthroscopic treatment of chronic osteochondral lesions of the talus: long-term results","volume":"36","author":"Ferkel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63S","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546509348471","article-title":"Second-look arthroscopic findings and clinical outcomes after microfracture for osteochondral lesions of the talus","volume":"37","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-009-1036-1","article-title":"Microfracture for chondral defects of the talus: maintenance of early results at midterm follow-up","volume":"18","author":"Becher","year":"2010","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1177\/1938640016679697","article-title":"A\u00a0comparison of outcomes of particulated juvenile articular cartilage and bone marrow aspirate concentrate for articular cartilage lesions of the talus","volume":"10","author":"Lanham","year":"2016","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Spec"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib43","first-page":"6659","article-title":"The basic science of bone marrow aspirate concentrate in chondral injuries","volume":"8","author":"Holton","year":"2016","journal-title":"Orthop Rev (Padvia)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib44","first-page":"33","article-title":"Bone marrow aspirate concentrate for the treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus: a systematic review of outcomes","volume":"3","author":"Chahla","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Exp Orthop"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1097\/BTF.0000000000000054","article-title":"Use of cartilage extracellular matrix and bone marrow aspirate concentrate in treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus","volume":"13","author":"Clanton","year":"2014","journal-title":"Tech Foot Ankle Surg"}],"container-title":["Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0891842217300873?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0891842217300873?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T18:57:15Z","timestamp":1760209035000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0891842217300873"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S0891842217300873"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0891-8422"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0891-8422","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate and Its Uses in the Foot and Ankle","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cpm.2017.08.006","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}